Long-Term Simulation of Pollutant Loads in Treatment Plant Effluents and Combined Sewer Overflows

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Durchschlag
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Storm Water Runoff ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Hydraulic Load ◽  
Water Tanks

As a result of urbanization, the pollutant discharges from sources such as treatment plant effluents and polluted stormwaters are responsible for an unacceptable water quality in the receiving waters.In particular, combined sewer system overflows may produce great damage due to a shock effect. To reduce these combined sewer overflow discharges, the most frequently used method is to build stormwater storage tanks. During storm water runoff, the hydraulic load of waste water treatment plants increases with additional retention storage. This might decrease the treatment efficiency and thereby decrease the benefit of stormwater storage tanks. The dynamic dependence between transport, storage and treatment is usually not taken into account. This dependence must be accounted for when planning treatment plants and calculating storage capacities in order to minimize the total pollution load to the receiving waters. A numerical model will be described that enables the BOD discharges to be continuously calculated. The pollutant transport process within the networks and the purification process within the treatment plants are simulated. The results of the simulation illustrate; a statistical balance of the efficiency of stormwater tanks with the treatment plant capacity and to optimize the volume of storm water tanks and the operation of combined sewer systems and treatment plants.

Toxicity and pollutant impact analysis in an urban river due to combined sewer overflows loads

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Casadio ◽  
M. Maglionico ◽  
A. Bolognesi ◽  
S. Artina
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Sewer Overflows

The Navile Channel (Bologna, Italy) is an ancient artificial water course derived from the Reno river. It is the main receiving water body for the urban catchment of Bologna sewer systems and also for the Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) main outlet. The aim of this work is to evaluate the Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs) impact on Navile Channel's water quality. In order to collect Navile flow and water quality data in both dry and wet weather conditions, two measuring and sampling stations were installed, right upstream and downstream the WWTP outflow. The study shows that even in case of low intensity rain events, CSOs have a significant effect on both water quantity and quality, spilling a considerable amount of pollutants into the Navile Channel and presenting also acute toxicity effects. The collected data shown a good correlations between the concentrations of TSS and of chemical compounds analyzed, suggesting that the most part of such substances is attached to suspended solids. Resulting toxicity values are fairly high in both measuring points and seem to confirm synergistic interactions between heavy metals.

Estimation of Storm Water Quality Characteristics and Overflow Loads from Treatment Plant Influent Data

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Roelof H. Aalderink
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
In Series

A simple model, based on tanks in series, for the estimation of mean annual loads and frequency distributions of loads from combined sewer systems is presented. The input data, dry weather flow, dry weather quality, and storm water quality are estimated from treatment plant influent data. Two similar methods for the estimation of flow-average storm water quality were tested by using treatment plant influent data generated by the model in comparison with the model input. Both methods are based on daily mass balances, but differ slightly with respect to the averaging procedures used. The performance of both methods is about the same. They show a small bias, but the variability introduced is small when compared with the variation occurring in real storm water quality data. Application of one of the methods on field data revealed no distinct relationships between the flow-averaged storm water quality concentration and the dry weather period or the total daily rain depth. By combination of continuous and Monte Carlo simulation techniques the model can be used to estimate mean annual loads and frequency distribution of loads from combined sewer overflows. For the extreme events a large 90 % confidence interval was found due to the large variations in storm water quality.

Dimensioning of Combined Sewer System Detention Basins by Long Term Simulation of Storm Water Runoff

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 581-588
Author(s):  
F. Sieker ◽  
A. Durchschlag
Keyword(s):  
Storm Water ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Storm Water Runoff ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Detention Basins ◽  
First Flush Effect ◽  
Runoff Model

At present, dimensioning of combined sewer detention basins in Germany is based actually on the rational formula and on the idea of the existence of the so-called “first flush”. New measurements and recent investigations have led to the questioning of this dimensioning procedure. An alternative developed in this paper is based on the application a storm-water-runoff-model (hydrological and/or hydrodynamic) in each special case. Input to the model is a period of at least one decade of continuous rainfall data (long term simulation). The sanitary waste water component is superimposed to the simulated runoff-hydrograph. The first flush-effect is neglected. The dimensioning of a detention basin is based on the determination of several quantities such as number, duration, peak discharge and volume of overflow events in relation to the total water detention volume of the system. The decision on final dimensioning has to be made with respect to the characteristics of the receiving water.

scholarly journals A real-time control strategy for separation of highly polluted storm water based on UV–Vis online measurements – from theory to operation

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 2287-2293 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hoppe ◽  
S. Messmann ◽  
A. Giga ◽  
H. Gruening
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Storm Water Runoff

‘Classical’ real-time control (RTC) strategies in sewer systems are based on water level and flow measurements with the goal of activation of retention volume. The control system rule of ‘clean (storm water) runoff into the receiving water – polluted runoff into the treatment plant’ has been thwarted by rough operating conditions and lack of measurements. Due to the specific boundary conditions in the city of Wuppertal's separate sewer system (clean stream water is mixed with polluted storm water runoff) a more sophisticated – pollution-based – approach was needed. In addition the requirements to be met by the treatment of storm water runoff have become more stringent in recent years. To separate the highly-polluted storm water runoff during rain events from the cleaner stream flow a pollution-based real-time control (P-RTC) system was developed and installed. This paper describes the measurement and P-RTC equipment, the definition of total suspended solids as the pollution-indicating parameter, the serviceability of the system, and also gives a cost assessment. A sensitivity analysis and pollution load calculations have been carried out in order to improve the P-RTC algorithm. An examination of actual measurements clearly shows the ecological and economic advantages of the P-RTC strategy.

Implementation of Hamilton-Wentworth Region’s Pollution Control Plan

1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stirrup
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Sewer Overflows

Abstract The Regional Municipality of Hamilton-Wentworth operates a large combined sewer system which diverts excess combined sewage to local receiving waters at over 20 locations. On average, there are approximately 23 combined sewer overflows per year, per outfall. The region’s Pollution Control Plan, adopted by Regional Council in 1992, concluded that the only reasonable means of dealing with large volumes of combined sewer overflow in Hamilton was to intercept it at the outlets, detain it and convey it to the wastewater treatment plant after the storm events. The recommended control strategy relies heavily on off-line storage, with an associated expansion of the Woodward Avenue wastewater treatment plant to achieve target reductions of combined sewer overflows to 1–4 per year on average. The region has begun to implement this Pollution Control Plan in earnest. Three off-line detention storage tanks are already in operation, construction of a fourth facility is well underway, and conceptual design of a number of other proposed facilities has commenced. To make the best possible use of these facilities and existing in-line storage, the region is implementing a microcomputer-based real-time control system. A number of proposed Woodward Avenue wastewater treatment plant process upgrades and expansions have also been undertaken. This paper reviews the region's progress in implementing these control measures.

An application of Austrian legal requirements for CSO emissions

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1081-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Kleidorfer ◽  
Wolfgang Rauch
Keyword(s):  
Model Calibration ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Combined Sewer

The Austrian standard for designing combined sewer overflow (CSO) detention basins introduces the efficiency of the combined sewer overflows as an indicator for CSO pollution. Additionally criteria for the ambient water quality are defined, which comprehend six kinds of impacts. In this paper, the Austrian legal requirements are described and discussed by means of hydrological modelling. This is exemplified with the case study Innsbruck (Austria) including a description for model building and model calibration. Furthermore an example is shown in order to demonstrate how – in this case – the overall system performance could be improved by implementing a cost-effective rearrangement of the storage tanks already available at the inflow of the wastewater treatment plant. However, this guideline also allows more innovative methods for reducing CSO emissions as measures for better usage of storage volume or de-centralised treatment of stormwater runoff because it is based on a sewer system simulation.

Experimental simulation of rapid clogging process of pervious concrete pavement caused by storm water runoff

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinzhuang Cui ◽  
Jiong Zhang ◽  
Dan Huang ◽  
Weize Tang ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Pervious Concrete ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Storm Water Runoff
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