Status of Declining Rate Filtration Design

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 151-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Cleasby
Keyword(s):  
Flow Control ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Design Procedures ◽  
Design Load ◽  
Water Level Variations ◽  
Full Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental And Theoretical Studies

Declining rate filtration is one of several flow control alternatives available for gravity filtration plants with four or more filters. Experimental and theoretical studies of declining rate filtration have provided the foundation for rational design procedures. This paper presents design procedures for estimating the filter system head needed for a declining rate filtration plant, and to predict the water level variations that will occur during operation. The paper also discusses the choice between inlet versus outlet rate limitation, the choice of type of rate limitation device, and the impact of operation of a declining rate filtration plant below full design load.

Declining Rate Filtration

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Cleasby
Keyword(s):  
Flow Control ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Design Procedures ◽  
Design Load ◽  
Water Level Variations ◽  
Full Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental And Theoretical Studies

Declining rate filtration is one of several flow control alternatives available for gravity filtration plants with four or more filters. Experimental and theoretical studies of declining rate filtration have provided the foundation for rational design procedures. This paper presents design procedures for estimating the filter system head needed for a declining rate filtration plant, and to predict the water level variations that will occur during operation. The paper also discusses the choice between inlet versus outlet rate limitation, the choice of type of rate limitation device, and the impact of operation of a declining rate filtration plant below full design load.

scholarly journals Photochemistry and photophysics of mycosporine-like amino acids and gadusols, nature’s ultraviolet screens

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 979-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Losantos ◽  
Diego Sampedro ◽  
María Sandra Churio
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Light Stimulus ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
Experimental And Theoretical Studies

AbstractMycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) and related gadusols are among the most prominent examples of metabolites suggested to act as UV-sunscreens. This review illustrates how experimental and theoretical studies on model MAAs and gadusol offer a helpful description of the photoprotective mechanism at the molecular level. This knowledge may contribute to the rational design of chemical systems with predictable and tuneable response to light stimulus. Synthetic efforts to obtain MAAs and simplified related structures are also discussed.

scholarly journals The influence of the Shire River on Liwonde National Park, Malawi, with special reference to elephant movements

Koedoe ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bhima ◽  
C.O. Dudley
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Water Level ◽  
National Park ◽  
Lake Malawi ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Western Boundary ◽  
Water Level Variations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Do So

Liwonde National Park (538 km2), Malawi, is a riverine-lacustrine park. The only outlet of Lake Malawi is the Shire River along the western boundary of the park. Although elephants spend many long hours in the floodplain on the eastern bank, they never crossed the river until 1991/92 during the worst southern African drought in living memory. This study investigated the impact of the river on the floodplain and inferred the influence on elephant movements. Waterflow of the Shire River at Liwonde since 1972 was reviewed and influences of water level variations were inferred from aerial photographs and geomorphic maps. Elephants crossing the river were also observed. The period 1972-1975 had low waterflow, reaching a minimum of 180 cumecs. Elephants did not cross then, probably because the population was small (below 200) and therefore had no incentive to do so. In contrast, the period 1976-1990 was characterised by high river waterflow of up to 1050 cumecs, leading to extensive flooding. This provided water and good forage. During the drought between 1991 and 1995 little flooding occurred. The elephants over-utilised the eastern floodplain. Some crossed the river for better forage. The population had then increased to 400.

Combined experimental and theoretical studies on selective sensing of zinc and pyrophosphate ions by rational design of compartmental chemosensor probe: Dual sensing behaviour via secondary recognition approach and cell imaging studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (18) ◽  
pp. 6421-6434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Mawai ◽  
Sandip Nathani ◽  
Partha Roy ◽  
U. P. Singh ◽  
Kaushik Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Rational Design ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Zinc Ions ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Experimental And Theoretical Studies ◽  
Dual Sensing

A compartmental chemosensor probe HL was designed and synthesized for dual sensing of zinc ions and PPi via secondary recognition approach.

The Stabilizing Effect of Pre-Equilibria: A Trifluoromethyl Complex as CF2 Reservoir in Catalytic Olefin Difluorocarbenation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Louis-Goff ◽  
Huu Vinh Trinh ◽  
Eileen Chen ◽  
Arnold L. Rheingold ◽  
Christian Ehm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Selectivity ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Attractive Feature ◽  
Catalyst Recovery ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Stabilizing Effect ◽  
Experimental And Theoretical Studies

A new, efficient, catalytic difluorocarbenation of olefins to give 1,1-difluorocyclopropanes is presented. The catalyst, an organobismuth complex, uses TMSCF<sub>3</sub> as a stoichiometric difluorocarbene source. We demonstrate both the viability and robustness of this reaction over a wide range of alkenes and alkynes, including electron-poor alkenes, to generate the corresponding 1,1-difluorocyclopropanes and 1,1-difluorocyclopropenes. Ease of catalyst recovery from the reaction mixture is another attractive feature of this method. In depth experimental and theoretical studies showed that the key difluorocarbene-generating step proceeds through a bismuth non-redox synchronous mechanism generating a highly reactive free CF<sub>2</sub> in an endergonic pre-equilibrium. It is the reversibility when generating the difluorocarbene that accounts for the high selectivity, while minimizing CF<sub>2</sub>-recombination side-reactions.

Perkembangan TIK, Globalisasi dan Peranan Guru Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan dalam Pengembangan Pendidikan Karakter

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulpadli Zulpadli
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
Civic Education ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
History Of ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
The Impact

This paper briefly and through theoretical studies will discuss simply the problems formulated, the impact of globalization on Character education in Indonesia, as well as the paradigm of PKN learning and Character education challenges for the younger generation. It is on the ground by the declining awareness and moral values, as well as to increase the values of the characters seen in the young generations. Civic education in Indonesia has been running throughout the history of Indonesian independence, and has gone through various stages and arms, it certainly demands greater hard work of teachers to be able to increase the values of Pancasila and love of the homeland, and practice the character values which is based on the noble values of Indonesian culture into Indonesian youth.

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