Anaerobic bioflocculation of wool scouring effluent: the influence of non-ionic surfactant on efficiency

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wipa Charles ◽  
Goen Ho ◽  
Ralf Cord-Ruwisch
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Ionic Surfactant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wool Grease ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
High Concentrations

Wool scouring effluent (WSE) contains high concentrations of wool grease emulsified by non-ionic surfactants (nonylphenol polyethoxylates – NPEO). The short-term treatment (1-7 days) of this effluent with anaerobic bacteria resulted in partial grease flocculation. However the efficiency of this process varied largely (30% to 80%) with the source of wool scouring effluent used. The concentration of free surfactant, rather than total surfactant, was found to be the likely reason for the variation in efficiency. In order to elucidate the mechanisms of anaerobic biological flocculation a detailed surfactant analysis was performed. This revealed that anaerobic microbes (taken from sludge of a municipal wastewater treatment plant) had an ability to partially degrade NPEO by shortening the hydrophilic ethoxylate chain causing coagulation and subsequent flocculation of wool grease from the liquor.

Nitrogen removal from digester supernatant via nitrite - SBR or SHARON?

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Fux ◽  
K. Lange ◽  
A. Faessler ◽  
P. Huber ◽  
B. Grueniger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrite Oxidation ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate ◽  
Sharon Process

Separate biological elimination of nitrogen from the digester supernatant of a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was investigated in pilot and full-scale plants. Denitrification mainly via nitrite was achieved in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and a continuous flow reactor (CSTR or SHARON). Suppression of nitrite oxidation in the SBR was feasible at short aerobic/anaerobic intervals allowing for immediate denitrification of the produced nitrite. Nitrate production could also be stopped by exposing the biomass to anaerobic conditions for 11 days. Temporarily high concentrations (up to 80 gNH3-Nm-3) of free ammonia could not be considered as the major reason for inhibiting nitrite oxidation. In a full-scale SBR plant 90% of the nitrogen load was denitrified in a total hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1.6 days and with a sludge age between 15 and 20 days. Ethanol and methanol were used for denitrification. The specific average substrate consumption was 2.2 gCODdosedg-1Nremoved with an effective biomass yield of 0.2 gCODbiomassg-1CODdosed. No dosing with base was required. In the SHARON process full nitrogen elimination was achieved only with a total HRT greater than 4 days at 29°C. The overall costs were estimated at €1.4 kg-1Nremoved for the SBR and €1.63 kg-1Nremoved in SHARON mode, respectively. The SHARON process is simple in operation (CSTR) but the tank volume has to be significantly greater than in SBR.

scholarly journals Implementing Solutions for Muskrat Lake

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Wilson Ho
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Remediation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Water Speed

Muskrat Lake has recently been suffering from nutrient overloading due to unknown causes. The purpose of this investigation is to determine where excess nutrients are concentrated in the Muskrat Lake watershed, to monitor their levels over a six-week period, and to test the BioCord Reactor as a novel solution. The reactor is commonly used in man-made wastewater remediation systems to increase the level of biological treatment, and decrease concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus. Collection bottles were rinsed three times at each collection site before samples were taken and shipped to the Canadian Nuclear Laboratories and the Ministry of Environment for analysis, or brought back to the lab. Lab equipment was purchased from HACH Industries, and the HACH TNT Kit 843 procedure was slightly modified to scan for an ultra-low level of phosphorus. Overall, the results suggest that agricultural runoff, the mixed wood forests, and the municipal wastewater treatment plant do not have significant impacts on the watershed, but more analysis is necessary before any definitive conclusions can be drawn. Furthermore, the BioCord Reactor was shown to be ineffective at the test site due to low rainfall, water depth, and water speed. More sites need to be analyzed for a longer period of time in order to determine if this technology is feasible as a short-term remediation tool for eutrophication.

scholarly journals Odour measurement in wastewater treatment plant using both European and Japanese standardized methods: correlation and comparison study

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 728-733 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Odour Concentration ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The University

<p>Odours discharged from wastewater treatment plants generally cause severe damage to locals. When facility odors affect air quality and cause citizen complaints, an investigation of those odours may require using standardized scientific methods. Odour intensity is one of the main odour characterization parameter, and represents an important sensory indicator of environmental odours.</p> <p>Presently, different international standards have been developed for the measurement of odours. Main consolidated methods are the measurement of odour index assessed by panelists, standardized in Japan and developed there more than 40 years ago; and the measured of odour concentration by dynamic olfactometer according to European standard EN13725:2003.</p> <p>In this study odour samples were collected on a municipal wastewater treatment plant to investigate the relationship between odour index assessed by Japanese standard methods and odour concentration measured with dynamic olfactometry. A monthly sampling and relative odour measurement were carried out for consecutive 8 months at the Laboratory of the Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED) at the University of Salerno (Italy).</p> <p>Results show a strong linear correlation between the two investigated odour measurement methods, in the case of the measurement of high concentrations. While at lower odour concentrations were observed a difference between the two methods.</p>

scholarly journals Treatment of periodontal infections due to anaerobic bacteria with short-term treatment with metronidazole

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Loesche ◽  
S. A. Syed ◽  
E. C. Morrison ◽  
B. Laughon ◽  
N. S. Grossman
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment

Conversion of sewage sludge to commodity chemicals via syngas fermentation

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramon Ganigué ◽  
Sara Ramió-Pujol ◽  
Patricia Sánchez ◽  
Lluís Bañeras ◽  
Jesús Colprim
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Acetogenic Bacteria ◽  
Genus Clostridium ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Clostridium Carboxidivorans ◽  
Main Factor

Gasification of sewage sludge allows the recovery of energy, and produces a mix of CO, CO2 and H2 called synthesis gas (or syngas), which can be fermented by acetogenic bacteria to added-value products. This work presents the conversion of syngas to organic acids and alcohols using both pure and mixed cultures. Pure culture kinetic experiments with Clostridium carboxidivorans P7 resulted in the production of high concentrations of acetate (454 mgC/L) and ethanol (167 mgC/L). The pH was the main factor driving solventogenesis, with about 50% of the products in the form of alcohols at pH 5. Conversely, laboratory-scale experiments using a carboxydotrophic mixed culture of the genus Clostridium enriched from anaerobic digester sludge of a municipal wastewater treatment plant was capable of producing mainly butyrate, with maximum concentration of 1,184 mgC/L.

Disinfection capacity of seven constructed wetlands and ponds

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2111-2117 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rühmland ◽  
M. Barjenbruch
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Treatment Stage

The disinfection performance of three subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SSF), a free-water surface-constructed wetland and three ponds were investigated. They functioned as advanced treatment stage following treatment in a large municipal wastewater treatment plant equipped with nutrient removal. Despite low influent concentrations of 103.9/100 mL, Escherichia coli underwent a reduction of 1.7 (ditch) to 2.3 (sandy loamy SSF) orders of magnitude. After passing through these treatment plants E. coli was lowered sufficiently to within the permitted levels thus allowing it to be used in drip irrigation of fruits and vegetables. The change of seasons and hydraulic loading (in the range of 50–150 mm/day) as well as short-term overloadings did not impact the effluents' quality.

scholarly journals The Effect of Chitosan Hydrolysate on Solanum Lycopersicum Plant Growth

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Timofeeva ◽  
Daria Shtan'ko ◽  
Balzhima Shagdarova ◽  
Anton Zakurin ◽  
Anastasiya Kamionskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Physiology ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
The Poor ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Plant Germination

Chitosan is a well-known subjectof researchbecause of its beneficial properties, including its antibacterial and fungicidal activity, as well as its effect on plant physiology. One of the maindifficulties in agricultural chitosan implementation is the poor solubility of high molecular chitosan in water. Reducing themolecular weight of chitosan by acid hydrolysis increases its solubility. This research studied the effect of chitosan hydrolysate on the germination and development ofSolanum lycopersicum L. plants. Theeffects of chitosan hydrolysate on seed germination, shoot development in the first week of development and in the first month of development were evaluated. According to the results, high concentrations of chitosan hydrolysate completely inhibited seed germination. However, short-term treatment by high concentrations of chitosan hydrolysate stimulatedthe development of seedlings, leading to substantially longerroots. Regular root application of high concentrations of chitosan hydrolysate inhibited plant development. Keywords: chitosan hydrolysate, chitosan, plant growth regulators, plant germination

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