The removal of residual organic matter from biologically treated swine wastewater using membrane bioreactor process with powdered activated carbon

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 451-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.D. Whang ◽  
Y.M. Cho ◽  
H. Park ◽  
J.G. Jang
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Residual Organic Matter ◽  
Bioreactor Process

The objective of this study was to characterize the mechanisms of the COD removal in the membrane bioreactor (MBR) process with powdered activated carbon (PAC) addition and to determine its optimal operation, for the removal of residual organic matters (ROM) from biologically treated swine wastewater. The MBR process with PAC showed higher removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (CODMn) than that without PAC. When the average CODMn concentration of the influent was 217 mg/L, the average CODMn concentration of the permeate from the MBR with PAC was about 41.5 mg/L, indicating an approximate removal efficiency of 81%. On the other hand, the average CODMn concentration of the permeate from the MBR without PAC was 172 mg/L. The PAC dosage estimated to obtain the above removal efficiency was about 0.74 g per litre of influent. Among the total residual organics removed by PAC-added MBR, 46.5% was removed by PAC adsorption, 20.8% by biodegradation, 4.4% by membrane separation, and 9.3% by enhanced microorganism activity. From these results, the MBR process with PAC was considered as a very useful treatment process for the reduction of CODMn in biologically treated swine wastewater.

Use of submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAMBR) containing powdered activated carbon (PAC) for the treatment of textile effluents

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1540-1547 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. L. Baêta ◽  
R. L. Ramos ◽  
D. R. S. Lima ◽  
S. F. Aquino
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Reactor Stability ◽  
Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors

This work investigated the use of submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactors (SAMBRs) in the presence and absence of powdered activated carbon (PAC) for the treatment of genuine textile wastewater. The reactors were operated at 35 °C with an HRT of 24 h and the textile effluent was diluted (1:10) with nutrient solution containing yeast extract as the source of the redox mediation riboflavin. The results showed that although both SAMBRs exhibited an excellent performance, the presence of PAC inside SAMBR-1 enhanced reactor stability and removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), volatile fatty acids (VFA), turbidity and color. The median removal efficiencies of COD and color in SAMBR-1 were, 90 and 94% respectively; whereas for SAMBR-2 (without PAC) these values were 79 and 86%, In addition, the median values of turbidity and VFA were 8 NTU and 8 mg/L for SAMBR-1 and 14 NTU and 26 mg/L for SAMBR-2, indicating that the presence of PAC inside SAMBR-1 led to the production of an anaerobic effluent of high quality regarding such parameters.

scholarly journals Integration of Improved Methods for the Treatment of Wastewater from a Soft Drink Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 12946-12957
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Aluminum Sulfate ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Combined Processes ◽  
Carbon Mass ◽  
Improved Methods ◽  
High Polarity

Beverage companies produce a large amount of wastewater in the cleaning step of returnable glass bottles. This study aimed to investigate combined processes (coagulation/flocculation, adsorption, and membrane separation) to treat the effluent from the washing machine of returnable soft drink bottles. Tests were conducted with aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, and tannins (TANFLOC®) powder as coagulants/flocculants in different concentrations. After choosing the best coagulant, new tests were repeated by adding activated carbon. Based on the coagulant's best condition and activated carbon mass, the treated samples were subjected to a separation step with the ultrafiltration membrane (UF). The best treatment condition was the combined methods (TANFLOC + activated carbon + UF membrane), which showed a removal efficiency of 63.64, 54.92, and 64.98% for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Organic Carbon (TOC), and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), respectively. The BOD values are due to the presence of sugars in the effluent since its characteristics, such as high polarity and size less than 1 kDa, are unfavorable for the coagulation and UF processes, respectively. However, BOD removal efficiency was approximately 5% higher than the minimum required by legislation, which requires at least a 60% decrease in the raw effluent.

scholarly journals Removal of organic pollutants from produced water by batch adsorption treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Hashim Khader ◽  
Thamer Jassim Mohammed ◽  
Nourollah Mirghaffari ◽  
Ali Dawood Salman ◽  
Tatjána Juzsakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Zeolite X

AbstractThis paper studied the adsorption of chemical oxygen demand (COD), oil and turbidity of the produced water (PW) which accompanies the production and reconnaissance of oil after treating utilizing powdered activated carbon (PAC), clinoptilolite natural zeolite (CNZ) and synthetic zeolite type X (XSZ). Moreover, the paper deals with the comparison of pollutant removal over different adsorbents. Adsorption was executed in a batch adsorption system. The effects of adsorbent dosage, time, pH, oil concentration and temperature were studied in order to find the best operating conditions. The adsorption isotherm models of Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin were investigated. Using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, the kinetics of oil sorption and the shift in COD content on PAC and CNZ were investigated. At a PAC adsorbent dose of 0.25 g/100 mL, maximum oil removal efficiencies (99.57, 95.87 and 99.84 percent), COD and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) were identified. Moreover, when zeolite X was used at a concentration of 0.25 g/100 mL, the highest turbidity removal efficiency (99.97%) was achieved. It is not dissimilar to what you would get with PAC (99.65 percent). In comparison with zeolites, the findings showed that adsorption over PAC is the most powerful method for removing organic contaminants from PW. In addition, recycling of the consumed adsorbents was carried out in this study to see whether the adsorbents could be reused. Chemical and thermal treatment will effectively regenerate and reuse powdered activated carbon and zeolites that have been eaten. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Fate of Benzophenone, Benzophenone-3 and Caffeine in Lab-Scale Direct River Water Treatment by Hybrid Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8691
Author(s):  
Minja Bogunović ◽  
Tijana Marjanović ◽  
Ivana Ivančev-Tumbas
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
River Water ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Hybrid Processes ◽  
Neutral Ph ◽  
Anthropogenic Markers

Emerging microcontaminants benzophenone (BP), benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and caffeine (CF) are widely used anthropogenic markers from a group of pharmaceuticals and personal care products. They have different logD values and charges at neutral pH (2.96 neutral for BP; 3.65 negative and neutral for BP-3; 0.28 and neutral for CF). The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation (C/F/S), adsorption onto two types of powdered activated carbon (PAC)/sedimentation (PAC/S) and the combination of these two processes in different dosing sequences (PAC/C/F/S) and with/without ultrafiltration (powdered activated carbon/ultrafiltration—PAC/UF, coagulation/UF—CoA/UF) for the removal of selected micropollutants from river water. It was shown that the removal efficiency of benzophenones by coagulation depends on the season, while CF was moderately removed (40–70%). The removal of neutral BP by two PACs unexpectedly differed (near 40% and ˃93%), while the removal of BP-3 was excellent (>95%). PACs were not efficient for the removal of hydrophilic CF. Combined PAC/C/F/S yielded excellent removal for BP and BP-3 regardless of PAC type only when the PAC addition was followed by C/F/S, while C/F/S efficiency for CF diminished. The combination of UF with PAC or coagulant showed also high efficacy for benzophenones, but was negligible for CF removal.

A pilot bioretention system with commercial activated carbon and river sediment-derived biochar for enhanced nutrient removal from stormwater

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Sang ◽  
Miansong Huang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Wu Che ◽  
Huichao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
River Sediment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Column Experiment ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Mass Removal ◽  
The Media ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Abstract Bioretention is an effective technology for urban stormwater management, but the nutrient removal in conventional bioretention systems is highly variable. Thus, a pilot bioretention column experiment was performed to evaluate the nutrient control of systems with commercial activated carbon and river sediment-derived biochar. Significant chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total phosphorus (TP) leaching were found with the addition of activated carbon and biochar, but total nitrogen (TN) leaching was significantly improved when activated carbon was used as the medium. During a semi-synthetic runoff experiment, the bioretention systems containing two types of fluvial biochar showed relatively better COD and TN control (average mass removal efficiencies and cumulative removal efficiencies) than commercial activated carbon. However, the average TP mass removal efficiency with commercial activated carbon (95% ± 3%) was significantly higher than biochar (48% ± 20% and 56 ± 14%). The addition of biochar in the media increased the nitrogen removal efficiency, and the addition of activated carbon significantly increased the phosphorous removal efficiency. Therefore, both biochar and activated carbon are effective materials for bioretention, and fluvial biochar provides an alternative approach to comprehensively utilize river sediment.

Long term operation of high concentration powdered activated carbon membrane bio-reactor for advanced water treatment

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.T. Seo ◽  
C.D. Moon ◽  
S.W. Chang ◽  
S.H. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Membrane ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Nakdong River Basin

A pilot scale experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of a membrane bioreactor filled with high concentration powdered activated carbon. This hybrid system has great potential to substitute for existing GAC or O3/BAC processes in the drinking water treatment train. The system was installed at a water treatment plant located downstream of the Nakdong river basin, Korea. Effluent of rapid sand filter was used as influent of the system which consists of PAC bio-reactor, submerged MF membrane module and air supply facility. PAC concentration of 20 g/L was maintained at the beginning of the experiment and it was increased to 40 g/L. The PAC has not been changed during the operational periods. The membrane was a hollow fiber type with pore sizes of 0.1 and 0.4 µm. It was apparent that the high PAC concentration could prevent membrane fouling. 40 g/L PAC was more effective to reduce the filtration resistance than 20 g/L. At the flux of 0.36 m/d, TMP was maintained less than 40 kPa for about 3 months by intermittent suction type operation (12 min suction/3 min idling). Adsorption was the dominant role to remove DOC at the initial operational period. However the biological effect was gradually increased after around 3 months operation. Constant DOC removal could be maintained at about 40% without any trouble and then a tremendous reduction of DBPs (HAA5 and THM) higher than 85% was achieved. Full nitrification was observed at the controlled influent ammonia nitrogen concentration of 3 and 7 mg/L. pH was an important parameter to keep stable ammonia oxidation. From almost two years of operation, it is clear that the PAC membrane bioreactor is highly applicable for advanced water treatment under the recent situation of more stringent DBPs regulation in Korea.

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