scholarly journals Fate of Benzophenone, Benzophenone-3 and Caffeine in Lab-Scale Direct River Water Treatment by Hybrid Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8691
Author(s):  
Minja Bogunović ◽  
Tijana Marjanović ◽  
Ivana Ivančev-Tumbas
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
River Water ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Hybrid Processes ◽  
Neutral Ph ◽  
Anthropogenic Markers

Emerging microcontaminants benzophenone (BP), benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and caffeine (CF) are widely used anthropogenic markers from a group of pharmaceuticals and personal care products. They have different logD values and charges at neutral pH (2.96 neutral for BP; 3.65 negative and neutral for BP-3; 0.28 and neutral for CF). The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation (C/F/S), adsorption onto two types of powdered activated carbon (PAC)/sedimentation (PAC/S) and the combination of these two processes in different dosing sequences (PAC/C/F/S) and with/without ultrafiltration (powdered activated carbon/ultrafiltration—PAC/UF, coagulation/UF—CoA/UF) for the removal of selected micropollutants from river water. It was shown that the removal efficiency of benzophenones by coagulation depends on the season, while CF was moderately removed (40–70%). The removal of neutral BP by two PACs unexpectedly differed (near 40% and ˃93%), while the removal of BP-3 was excellent (>95%). PACs were not efficient for the removal of hydrophilic CF. Combined PAC/C/F/S yielded excellent removal for BP and BP-3 regardless of PAC type only when the PAC addition was followed by C/F/S, while C/F/S efficiency for CF diminished. The combination of UF with PAC or coagulant showed also high efficacy for benzophenones, but was negligible for CF removal.

Application of microfiltration systems coupled with powdered activated carbon to river water treatment

Desalination ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 202 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Seung Kim ◽  
Satoshi Takizawa ◽  
Shinichiro Ohgaki
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
River Water ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon

scholarly journals Hazardous cyanobacteria integrity response to velocity gradient and powdered activated carbon in water treatment plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
pp. 145110
Author(s):  
Samylla Oliveira ◽  
Allan Clemente ◽  
Indira Menezes ◽  
Amanda Gois ◽  
Ismael Carloto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Velocity Gradient ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

scholarly journals Pyrolytic valorization of water treatment residuals containing powdered activated carbon as multifunctional adsorbents

Chemosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 126641
Author(s):  
Ye-Eun Lee ◽  
Dong-Chul Shin ◽  
Yoonah Jeong ◽  
I-Tae Kim ◽  
Yeong-Seok Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment Residuals

Long term operation of high concentration powdered activated carbon membrane bio-reactor for advanced water treatment

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.T. Seo ◽  
C.D. Moon ◽  
S.W. Chang ◽  
S.H. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Membrane ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Nakdong River Basin

A pilot scale experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of a membrane bioreactor filled with high concentration powdered activated carbon. This hybrid system has great potential to substitute for existing GAC or O3/BAC processes in the drinking water treatment train. The system was installed at a water treatment plant located downstream of the Nakdong river basin, Korea. Effluent of rapid sand filter was used as influent of the system which consists of PAC bio-reactor, submerged MF membrane module and air supply facility. PAC concentration of 20 g/L was maintained at the beginning of the experiment and it was increased to 40 g/L. The PAC has not been changed during the operational periods. The membrane was a hollow fiber type with pore sizes of 0.1 and 0.4 µm. It was apparent that the high PAC concentration could prevent membrane fouling. 40 g/L PAC was more effective to reduce the filtration resistance than 20 g/L. At the flux of 0.36 m/d, TMP was maintained less than 40 kPa for about 3 months by intermittent suction type operation (12 min suction/3 min idling). Adsorption was the dominant role to remove DOC at the initial operational period. However the biological effect was gradually increased after around 3 months operation. Constant DOC removal could be maintained at about 40% without any trouble and then a tremendous reduction of DBPs (HAA5 and THM) higher than 85% was achieved. Full nitrification was observed at the controlled influent ammonia nitrogen concentration of 3 and 7 mg/L. pH was an important parameter to keep stable ammonia oxidation. From almost two years of operation, it is clear that the PAC membrane bioreactor is highly applicable for advanced water treatment under the recent situation of more stringent DBPs regulation in Korea.

scholarly journals Drinking Water Treatment by Inductively Coupled Plasma System to Remove of Microorganisms in River Water

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 03038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reni Desmiarti ◽  
Ariadi Hazmi ◽  
Primas Emeraldi ◽  
Munas Martynis ◽  
Yenni Trianda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
River Water ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Plasma System ◽  
Inductively Coupled

Inductively coupled plasma system was used in drinking water treatment system to kill the microorganisms in water such as total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC) and other coliforms (OC) from river water. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of flowrate on removal efficiency (RE), death rate, and death yield and energy consumption of bacteria's. The frequency of the system was set at 4.6 MHz. The results show that the removal efficiencies and death rate of TC, FC and OC decreased with increasing flowrate. Compared to FC, the first-order reactions of TC and OC were lower in the following order: FC > OC > TC. The death yield of TC and OC significantly increased when the removal efficiency increased. The electromagnetic flux varied from 19.44 to 20.55 W/cm2 and the energy consumption was 0.26, 0.32, and 0.67 with flow rate at 20, 10 and 5 mL/minute, respectively. These results are very necessary to improve drinking water treatment.

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