Effects of model schematisation, geometry and parameter values on urban flood modelling

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 462-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Vojinovic ◽  
S. D. Seyoum ◽  
J. M. Mwalwaka ◽  
R. K. Price
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Modelling ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Industry Practice ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Urban Flood Modelling

One-dimensional (1D) hydrodynamic models have been used as a standard industry practice for urban flood modelling work for many years. More recently, however, model formulations have included a 1D representation of the main channels and a 2D representation of the floodplains. Since the physical process of describing exchanges of flows with the floodplains can be represented in different ways, the predictive capability of different modelling approaches can also vary. The present paper explores effects of some of the issues that concern urban flood modelling work. Impacts from applying different model schematisation, geometry and parameter values were investigated. The study has mainly focussed on exploring how different Digital Terrain Model (DTM) resolution, presence of different features on DTM such as roads and building structures and different friction coefficients affect the simulation results. Practical implications of these issues are analysed and illustrated in a case study from St Maarten, N.A. The results from this study aim to provide users of numerical models with information that can be used in the analyses of flooding processes in urban areas.

Flood analysis in mixed-urban areas reflecting interactions with the complete water cycle through coupled hydrologic-hydraulic modelling

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1386-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Sto. Domingo ◽  
A. Refsgaard ◽  
O. Mark ◽  
B. Paludan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
New Method ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Modelling ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Flood Analysis ◽  
Urban Flood Modelling

The potential devastating effects of urban flooding have given high importance to thorough understanding and management of water movement within catchments, and computer modelling tools have found widespread use for this purpose. The state-of-the-art in urban flood modelling is the use of a coupled 1D pipe and 2D overland flow model to simultaneously represent pipe and surface flows. This method has been found to be accurate for highly paved areas, but inappropriate when land hydrology is important. The objectives of this study are to introduce a new urban flood modelling procedure that is able to reflect system interactions with hydrology, verify that the new procedure operates well, and underline the importance of considering the complete water cycle in urban flood analysis. A physically-based and distributed hydrological model was linked to a drainage network model for urban flood analysis, and the essential components and concepts used were described in this study. The procedure was then applied to a catchment previously modelled with the traditional 1D-2D procedure to determine if the new method performs similarly well. Then, results from applying the new method in a mixed-urban area were analyzed to determine how important hydrologic contributions are to flooding in the area.

scholarly journals Localização de nascentes ameaçadas em áreas urbanas: Uma estratégia preventiva de conservação ambiental com auxílio de Modelo Digital do Terreno (MDT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2186-2203
Author(s):  
Bárbara Fernanda da Cunha Tasca ◽  
Fernanda Vieira Xavier ◽  
Auberto José Barros Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
First Order ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Drainage Channels ◽  
High Level

Identifying urban headwaters and delimitating their Permanent Preservation Areas (PPA) before its inevitable degradation by the human occupation is essential to guarantee the long-term sustainability of the cities. However, the scarcity of tools for facilitating this purpose prevents public authorities from speeding up their control actions. As headwaters frequently occur near the beginning of first-order drainage channels, it is assumed that their location can be obtained by using numerical models of the land surface. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate and demonstrate the applicability of a Digital Terrain Model (MDT) as an auxiliary tool in the prospecting process in spring fields in the urban area of Cuiabá, MT, Brazil. The methodology consisted of extracting the drainage channels from the modeled area, making it possible to indicate locations for prospecting corresponding to the head regions of the first order channels. The results show that 62,8% of the occurrence of the headwaters were in a 300m radii from the first-order start points. However, it was not possible to issue a conclusive evaluation in 28,6% of the places due to the high level of anthropization. Nevertheless, only in 8,6% of them did not present any water emergence in the surroundings, indicating the effectiveness of this method in guiding the prospection of headwaters in field. We concluded that our procedures are worthful for cities that have detailed altimetric surveys, being especially useful in urban expansion areas, where the preventive character of headwaters conservation is essential.

scholarly journals A Data-Driven Hybrid Urban Flood Modelling Approach

10.29007/fbh3 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohan Li ◽  
Patrick Willems
Keyword(s):  
Data Availability ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Property Management ◽  
Flood Modeling ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Modelling ◽  
Data Sparseness ◽  
Input Quality ◽  
Fully Adaptive ◽  
Urban Flood Modelling

Urban flood pre-warning decisions made upon urban flood modeling is crucial for human and property management in urban area. However, urbanization, changing environmental conditions and climate change are challenging urban sewer models for their adaptability. While hydraulic models are capable of making accurate flood predictions, they are less flexible and more computationally expensive compared with conceptual models, which are simpler and more efficient. In the era of exploding data availability and computing techniques, data-driven models are gaining popularity in urban flood modelling, but meanwhile suffer from data sparseness. To overcome this issue, a hybrid urban flood modeling approach is proposed in this study. It incorporates a conceptual model to account for the dominant sewer hydrological processes and a logistic regression model able to predict the probabilities of flooding on a sub-urban scale. This approach is demonstrated for a highly urbanized area in Antwerp, Belgium. After comparison with a 1D/0D hydrodynamic model, its ability is shown with promising results to make probabilistic flood predictions, regardless of rainfall types or seasonal variation. In addition, the model has higher tolerance on data input quality and is fully adaptive for real time applications.

A coarse-grid approach to representing building blockage effects in 2D urban flood modelling

2012 ◽  
Vol 426-427 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert S. Chen ◽  
Barry Evans ◽  
Slobodan Djordjević ◽  
Dragan A. Savić
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Grid ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Modelling ◽  
Grid Approach ◽  
Urban Flood Modelling

scholarly journals Coupling scenarios of urban growth and flood hazards along the Emilia-Romagna coast (Italy)

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2331-2346 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Sekovski ◽  
C. Armaroli ◽  
L. Calabrese ◽  
F. Mancini ◽  
F. Stecchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Flood Hazards ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Sleuth Model ◽  
Emilia Romagna Region ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Flood Prone Areas

Abstract. The extent of coastline urbanization reduces their resilience to flooding, especially in low-lying areas. The study site is the coastline of the Emilia-Romagna region (Italy), historically affected by marine storms and floods. The main aim of this study is to investigate the vulnerability of this coastal area to marine flooding by considering the dynamics of the forcing component (total water level) and the dynamics of the receptor (urban areas). This was done by comparing the output of the three flooding scenarios (10, 100 and > 100 year return periods) to the output of different scenarios of future urban growth up to 2050. Scenario-based marine flooding extents were derived by applying the Cost–Distance tool of ArcGIS® to a high-resolution digital terrain model. Three scenarios of urban growth (similar-to-historic, compact and sprawled) up to 2050 were estimated by applying the cellular automata-based SLEUTH model. The results show that if the urban growth progresses compactly, flood-prone areas will largely increase with respect to similar-to-historic and sprawled growth scenarios. Combining the two methodologies can be useful for identification of flood-prone areas that have a high potential for future urbanization, and is therefore crucial for coastal managers and planners.

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