The evaluation of rainfall influence on combined sewer overflows characteristics: the Berlin case study

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2683-2690 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sandoval ◽  
A. Torres ◽  
E. Pawlowsky-Reusing ◽  
M. Riechel ◽  
N. Caradot
Keyword(s):  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Rainfall Event ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Pollutant Loads ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Online Measurements ◽  
Sewer Overflows

The present study aims to explore the relationship between rainfall variables and water quality/quantity characteristics of combined sewer overflows (CSOs), by the use of multivariate statistical methods and online measurements at a principal CSO outlet in Berlin (Germany). Canonical correlation results showed that the maximum and average rainfall intensities are the most influential variables to describe CSO water quantity and pollutant loads whereas the duration of the rainfall event and the rain depth seem to be the most influential variables to describe CSO pollutant concentrations. The analysis of partial least squares (PLS) regression models confirms the findings of the canonical correlation and highlights three main influences of rainfall on CSO characteristics: (i) CSO water quantity characteristics are mainly influenced by the maximal rainfall intensities, (ii) CSO pollutant concentrations were found to be mostly associated with duration of the rainfall and (iii) pollutant loads seemed to be principally influenced by dry weather duration before the rainfall event. The prediction quality of PLS models is rather low (R² < 0.6) but results can be useful to explore qualitatively the influence of rainfall on CSO characteristics.

Model evaluation of faecal contamination in coastal areas affected by urban rivers receiving combined sewer overflows

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Shibata ◽  
K. Kojima ◽  
S. A. Lee ◽  
H. Furumai
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Rainfall Event ◽  
Tokyo Bay ◽  
Urban Rivers ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Faecal Contamination ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pollutant Loads ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Sewer Overflows

Odaiba seaside park is one of the most popular waterfronts in Tokyo Bay, but is easily affected by wet weather pollutant loads through combined sewer overflows (CSOs). The monitoring data of Escherichia coli clearly showed high faecal contamination after a rainfall event on 9–11 November 2007. We estimated the amounts of discharge volume and E. coli pollutant loads of urban rivers receiving CSO from rainfall chambers as well as pumping stations and primary effluent discharge. The result suggested that Sumida River and Meguro River were more influential to the Odaiba coastal area than other sources including the nearest wastewater treatment plant. Subsequently, we simulated the dynamic behaviour of E. coli by a three-dimensional (3D) hydro-dynamic and water quality model. The model simulation reproduced that E. coli concentration after the rainfall event increased rapidly at first and later gradually decreased. The simulations with and without inflow pollutant loads from urban rivers suggested that the E. coli concentration can be influenced by the Meguro River just after the rainfall event and Sumida River about 1 week later. From the spatial and temporal distribution of surface E. coli concentration, after at least 6 days from the rainfall event, high faecal contamination spread to the whole of the coastal area.

Priority substances in combined sewer overflows: case study of the Paris sewer network

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 853-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gasperi ◽  
S. Garnaud ◽  
V. Rocher ◽  
R. Moilleron
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Local Source ◽  
Rain Event ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Seine River ◽  
Pollutant Loads ◽  
Sewer Network ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Sewer Overflows

This study was undertaken to supply data on both priority pollutant (PP) occurrence and concentrations in combined sewer overflows (CSOs). A single rain event was studied on 13 sites within the Paris sewer network. For each sample, a total of 66 substances, including metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides, organotins, volatile organic compounds, chlorobenzenes, phthalates and alkylphenols were analyzed. Of the 66 compounds analyzed in all, 40 PPs including 12 priority hazardous substances were detected in CSOs. As expected, most metals were present in all samples, reflecting their ubiquitous nature. Chlorobenzenes and most pesticides were never quantified above the limit of quantification, while the majority of the other organic pollutants, except DEHP (median concentration: 22 μg.l−1), were found to lie in the μg.l−1 range. For the particular rain event studied, the pollutant loads discharged by CSOs were evaluated and then compared to pollutant loads conveyed by the Seine River. Under the hydraulic conditions considered and according to the estimations performed, this comparison suggests that CSOs are potentially significant local source of metals, PAHs and DEHP. Depending on the substance, the ratio between the CSO and Seine River loads varied from 0.5 to 26, underscoring the important local impact of CSOs at the scale of this storm for most pollutants.

scholarly journals Predictive model of pollutant loads discharged by combined sewer overflows

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 1819-1828
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Brzezińska ◽  
Grażyna Sakson ◽  
Marek Zawilski
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Model ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Pollutant Loads ◽  
Continuous Quality ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Sewer Overflows

Abstract Effective protection of receiving waters on urbanized areas requires knowledge about the amount of pollutants contained in discharged wastewater, inter alia by combined sewer overflows (CSOs). This involves the need to conduct long-lasting, costly and technically complex studies on the quantity and quality of discharged sewage. Loads of pollutants emitted by CSOs depend on many factors, inter alia on very variable characteristics of precipitations. This paper attempts to develop a simplified predictive model of pollutant loads for two basic parameters: total suspended solids (TSS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Studies were conducted in Lodz (Poland) between 2012 and 2015 on an urban catchment. Obtained data were analysed using the Pearson's correlation and principal component analysis method which enabled selection of the key parameters forming the model (depth and maximum intensity of rainfall and CSO volume). A good fit for the developed model was obtained (R2 = 0.79 for TSS and R2 = 0.80 for COD). The model was verified for two other catchments in the same city. Results indicate that the load of TSS and COD can be sufficiently precisely determined by using the proposed model for the studied city without the need to perform long-term continuous quality research of wastewater.

Implementation of Hamilton-Wentworth Region’s Pollution Control Plan

1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stirrup
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Sewer Overflows

Abstract The Regional Municipality of Hamilton-Wentworth operates a large combined sewer system which diverts excess combined sewage to local receiving waters at over 20 locations. On average, there are approximately 23 combined sewer overflows per year, per outfall. The region’s Pollution Control Plan, adopted by Regional Council in 1992, concluded that the only reasonable means of dealing with large volumes of combined sewer overflow in Hamilton was to intercept it at the outlets, detain it and convey it to the wastewater treatment plant after the storm events. The recommended control strategy relies heavily on off-line storage, with an associated expansion of the Woodward Avenue wastewater treatment plant to achieve target reductions of combined sewer overflows to 1–4 per year on average. The region has begun to implement this Pollution Control Plan in earnest. Three off-line detention storage tanks are already in operation, construction of a fourth facility is well underway, and conceptual design of a number of other proposed facilities has commenced. To make the best possible use of these facilities and existing in-line storage, the region is implementing a microcomputer-based real-time control system. A number of proposed Woodward Avenue wastewater treatment plant process upgrades and expansions have also been undertaken. This paper reviews the region's progress in implementing these control measures.

A STRATEGY FOR MONITORING THE IMPACTS OF COMBINED SEWER OVERFLOWS ON THE OHIO RIVER

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
Alan H. Vicory ◽  
Peter A. Tennant
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ohio River ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Design Storm ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Sewer Overflows ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control

With the attainment of secondary treatment by virtually all municipal discharges in the United States, control of water pollution from combined sewer overflows (CSOs) has assumed a high priority. Accordingly, a national strategy was issued in 1989 which, in 1993, was expanded into a national policy on CSO control. The national policy establishes as an objective the attainment of receiving water quality standards, rather than a design storm/treatment technology based approach. A significant percentage of the CSOs in the U.S. are located along the Ohio River. The states along the Ohio have decided to coordinate their CSO control efforts through the Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission (ORSANCO). With the Commission assigned the responsibility of developing a monitoring approach which would allow the definition of CSO impacts on the Ohio, research by the Commission found that very little information existed on the monitoring and assessment of large rivers for the determination of CSO impacts. It was therefore necessary to develop a strategy for coordinated efforts by the states, the CSO dischargers, and ORSANCO to identify and apply appropriate monitoring approaches. A workshop was held in June 1993 to receive input from a variety of experts. Taking into account this input, a strategy has been developed which sets forth certain approaches and concepts to be considered in assessing CSO impacts. In addition, the strategy calls for frequent sharing of findings in order that the data collection efforts by the several agencies can be mutually supportive and lead to technically sound answers regarding CSO impacts and control needs.

Methods of Estimating the Discharge of Gross Solids from Combined Sewer Systems

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1295-1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Jefferies
Keyword(s):  
Research Centre ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Water Research ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Sewer Overflows ◽  
The Uk

Visible pollution discharged from two combined sewer overflows were studied using passive Trash Trap devices and the UK Water Research Centre Gross Solids Sampler. Relationships are presented for the number of visible solids and the mass of gross solids discharged during an event. The differences in the behaviour of the overflow types are reported on and they are categorised using the Trash Traps.

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