A comparison of two infiltration models applied to simulation of overland flow over a two-dimensional flume

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 1325-1332 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. B. Mallari ◽  
H. Kim ◽  
G. Pak ◽  
H. Aksoy ◽  
J. Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Overland Flow ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Hydrologic Processes ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
Antecedent Moisture ◽  
Performance Statistics ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Hillslope Scale ◽  
Overland Flow Model

At the hillslope scale, where the rill-interrill configuration plays a significant role, infiltration is one of the major hydrologic processes affecting the generation of overland flow. As such, it is important to achieve a good understanding and accurate modelling of this process. Horton's infiltration has been widely used in many hydrologic models, though it has been occasionally found limited in handling adequately the antecedent moisture conditions (AMC) of soil. Holtan's model, conversely, is thought to be able to provide better estimation of infiltration rates as it can directly account for initial soil water content in its formulation. In this study, the Holtan model is coupled to an existing overland flow model, originally using Horton's model to account for infiltration, in an attempt to improve the prediction of runoff. For calibration and validation, experimental data from a two-dimensional flume which is incorporated with hillslope configuration have been used. Calibration and validation results showed that Holtan's model was able to improve the modelling results with better performance statistics than the Horton-coupled model. Holtan's infiltration equation, which allows accounting for AMC, provided an advantage and resulted in better runoff prediction of the model.

scholarly journals Storm Dissolved Organic Carbon Dynamics in an Artificially Drained Watershed of the US Midwest

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. ASWR.S9973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe G. Vidon ◽  
Hilary A Hubbard ◽  
Pilar E. Cuadra ◽  
Matthew L. Hennessy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Antecedent Moisture ◽  
Tile Drains ◽  
The Us ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Subsurface Drains ◽  
Antecedent Moisture Conditions

This study investigates changes in the nature, concentrations, and fluxes of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in tile drains (aka subsurface drains), overland flow, and stream flow for 6 spring storms in an artificially drained agricultural watershed. For moderate size storms, DOC concentrations are primarily affected by variations in antecedent moisture conditions. Generally, DOC concentrations and aromaticity increase with flow, especially for storms associated with high antecedent moisture conditions. A shift in the source of DOC to the stream and tile drains from low aromaticity DOC at baseflow, to more aromatic DOC during storms was observed. Data indicates that increases in the frequency and intensity of large precipitation events as well as wetter conditions in spring would likely lead not only to an increase in DOC fluxes (simply because of higher discharge) but also to an increase in the amount of DOC exported for every unit of flow.

scholarly journals Microrelief-Controlled Overland Flow Generation: Laboratory and Field Experiments

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Chu ◽  
G. Padmanabhan ◽  
Daniel Bogart
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Surface Microrelief ◽  
Hydrologic Processes ◽  
Flow Generation ◽  
Delayed Initiation ◽  
Rain Events ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Flow Experiments

Surface microrelief affects overland flow generation and the related hydrologic processes. However, such influences vary depending on other factors such as rainfall characteristics, soil properties, and initial soil moisture conditions. Thus, in-depth research is needed to better understand and evaluate the combined effects of these factors on overland flow dynamics. The objective of this experimental study was to examine how surface microrelief, in conjunction with the factors of rainfall, soil, and initial moisture conditions, impacts overland flow generation and runoff processes in both laboratory and field settings. A series of overland flow experiments were conducted for rough and smooth surfaces that represented distinct microtopographic characteristics and the experimental data were analyzed and compared. Across different soil types and initial moisture conditions, both laboratory and field experiments demonstrated that a rough soil surface experienced a delayed initiation of runoff and featured a stepwise threshold flow pattern due to the microrelief-controlled puddle filling-spilling-merging dynamics. It was found from the field experiments that a smooth plot surface was more responsive to rainfall variations especially during an initial rainfall event. However, enhanced capability of overland flow generation and faster puddle connectivity of a rough field plot occurred during the subsequent rain events.

Algebraic Solution of the Horton-Izzard Turbulent Overland Flow Model of the Rising Hydrograph

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Akram Gill
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Turbulent Flow ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Flow Equation ◽  
Algebraic Solution ◽  
Mixed Flow ◽  
Overland Flow Model

In the differential equation of the overland turbulent flow which was first postulated by Horton, Eq.(6), the value of c equals 5/3. For this value of c, the flow equation could not be integrated algebraically. Horton solved the equation for c = 2 and believed that his solution was valid for mixed flow. The flow equation with c = 5/3 is solved algebraically herein. It is shown elsewhere (Gill 1976) that the flow equation can indeed be integrated for any rational value of c.

scholarly journals A two-dimensional glacier–fjord coupled model applied to estimate submarine melt rates and front position changes of Hansbreen, Svalbard

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (247) ◽  
pp. 745-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. DE ANDRÉS ◽  
J. OTERO ◽  
F. NAVARRO ◽  
A. PROMIŃSKA ◽  
J. LAPAZARAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coupled Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Front Position ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
Glacier Front ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Frontal Ablation

ABSTRACTWe have developed a two-dimensional coupled glacier–fjord model, which runs automatically using Elmer/Ice and MITgcm software packages, to investigate the magnitude of submarine melting along a vertical glacier front and its potential influence on glacier calving and front position changes. We apply this model to simulate the Hansbreen glacier–Hansbukta proglacial–fjord system, Southwestern Svalbard, during the summer of 2010. The limited size of this system allows us to resolve some of the small-scale processes occurring at the ice–ocean interface in the fjord model, using a 0.5 s time step and a 1 m grid resolution near the glacier front. We use a rich set of field data spanning the period April–August 2010 to constrain, calibrate and validate the model. We adjust circulation patterns in the fjord by tuning subglacial discharge inputs that best match observed temperature while maintaining a compromise with observed salinity, suggesting a convectively driven circulation in Hansbukta. The results of our model simulations suggest that both submarine melting and crevasse hydrofracturing exert important controls on seasonal frontal ablation, with submarine melting alone not being sufficient for reproducing the observed patterns of seasonal retreat. Both submarine melt and calving rates accumulated along the entire simulation period are of the same order of magnitude, ~100 m. The model results also indicate that changes in submarine melting lag meltwater production by 4–5 weeks, which suggests that it may take up to a month for meltwater to traverse the englacial and subglacial drainage network.

scholarly journals Modelling Pluvial Flooding in Urban Areas Coupling the Models Iber and SWMM

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2647
Author(s):  
Esteban Sañudo ◽  
Luis Cea ◽  
Jerónimo Puertas
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Dynamic Link Library ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Sewer Network ◽  
Overland Flow Model

Dual urban drainage models allow users to simulate pluvial urban flooding by analysing the interaction between the sewer network (minor drainage system) and the overland flow (major drainage system). This work presents a free distribution dual drainage model linking the models Iber and Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), which are a 2D overland flow model and a 1D sewer network model, respectively. The linking methodology consists in a step by step calling process from Iber to a Dynamic-link Library (DLL) that contains the functions in which the SWMM code is split. The work involves the validation of the model in a simplified urban street, in a full-scale urban drainage physical model and in a real urban settlement. The three study cases have been carefully chosen to show and validate the main capabilities of the model. Therefore, the model is developed as a tool that considers the main hydrological and hydraulic processes during a rainfall event in an urban basin, allowing the user to plan, evaluate and design new or existing urban drainage systems in a realistic way.

Simulating Antecedent Moisture Conditions to Calibrate Rainfall Derived Inflow and Infiltration for Sanitary Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (16) ◽  
pp. 1296-1317
Author(s):  
Ben Gamble ◽  
Eric Saylor ◽  
Joseph Koran ◽  
Susan Moisio ◽  
Nancy Schultz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antecedent Moisture ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Antecedent Moisture Conditions

Bi-directional Coupling of an Unstructured Triangular Meshes-based Integrated Hydrodynamic Model for Heterogeneous Feature-based Urban Flood Simulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Peng ◽  
Zhuo Zhang ◽  
Tian Zhang ◽  
Zhiyao Song ◽  
Arif Masrur
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Flood Simulation ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Flow Processes ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Heterogeneous Feature

Abstract Urban pluvial flash floods have become a matter of widespread concern, as they severely impact people’s lives in urban areas. Hydrological and hydraulic models have been widely used for urban flood management and urban planning. Traditionally, to reduce the complexity of urban flood modelling and simulations, simplification or generalization methods have been used; for example, some models focus on the simulation of overland water flow, and some models focus on the simulation of the water flow in sewer systems. However, the water flow of urban floods includes both overland flow and sewer system flow. The overland flow processes are impacted by many different geographical features in what is an extremely spatially heterogeneous environment. Therefore, this article is based on two widely used models (SWMM and ANUGA) that are coupled to develop a bi-directional method of simulating water flow processes in urban areas. The open source overland flow model uses the unstructured triangular as the spatial discretization scheme. The unstructured triangular-based hydraulic model can be better used to capture the spatial heterogeneity of the urban surfaces. So, the unstructured triangular-based model is an essential condition for heterogeneous feature-based urban flood simulation. The experiments indicate that the proposed coupled model in this article can accurately depict surface waterlogged areas and that the heterogeneous feature-based urban flood model can be used to determine different types of urban flow processes.

scholarly journals A TWO DIMENSIONAL COUPLED MODEL FOR SUBMARINE DEBRIS FLOW AND ITS INTERACTION WITH SUBSEA INSTALLATIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Himangshu Das
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Offshore Platforms ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Offshore Installations ◽  
Continental Shelves ◽  
Specific Objective ◽  
Continental Slopes ◽  
Gravity Driven ◽  
Subsea Pipelines

Debris flow are gravity driven mass flows which can create catastrophic geohazards along their overriding paths. Driven by the gravity, debris flow can travel long distances on favorable continental slopes. Their frontal velocity can be very high which may pose significant threat to offshore installations such as subsea pipelines, communication cables and offshore platforms (Yuan et. al., 2012). Therefore, understanding their dynamic behavior is critical in order to mitigate potential geohazards. The specific objective of this paper is to present a coupled two dimensional numerical model that characterizes debris flow movement, rheological properties and its interaction with subsea installations. For demonstration purpose, the coupled model has been applied to schematized settings representing generalized continental shelves with canyons.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link):

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