Impact of aluminum chloride on process performance and microbial community structure of granular sludge in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor for natural rubber processing wastewater treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 500-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Thanh ◽  
Takahiro Watari ◽  
Tran Phuong Thao ◽  
Masashi Hatamoto ◽  
Daisuke Tanikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

In this study, granular sludge formation was carried out using an aluminum chloride supplement in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating natural rubber processing wastewater. Results show that during the first 75 days after the start-up of the UASB reactor with an organic loading rate (OLR) of 2.65 kg-COD·m−3·day−1, it performed stably with a removal of 90% of the total chemical oxygen demand (COD) and sludge still remained in small dispersed flocs. However, after aluminum chloride was added at a concentration of 300 mg·L−1 and the OLR range was increased up to 5.32 kg-COD·m−3·day−1, the total COD removal efficiency rose to 96.5 ± 2.6%, with a methane recovery rate of 84.9 ± 13.4%, and the flocs began to form granules. Massively parallel 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the sludge retained in the UASB reactor showed that total sequence reads of Methanosaeta sp. and Methanosarcina sp., reported to be the key organisms for granulation, increased after 311 days of operation. This indicates that the microbial community structure of the retained sludge in the UASB reactor at the end of the experiment gave a good account of itself in not only COD removal, but also granule formation.

Acid Endurance and Sorption of Zn2+ of Anaerobic Granular Sludge Acclimated by Flue Gas Pretreatment Wastewater

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 182-186
Author(s):  
Juan Wang ◽  
Qin Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
Activity Inhibition ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

With the aim to use anaerobic granular sludge, the methanogenic activity inhibition and recovery of anaerobic granular sludge from an industrial anaerobic reactor (s1) were investigated by measuring the methane volume at low pH. A lab-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was inoculated with s1.s1 was used to remove Zn2+ in wastewater. The results show that activity of s1 is similar when the pH value is 6.5 to 7.0. The methane volume is obviously decreased when the pH value is 6.0. The activity is completely inhibited when the pH value is 4.5. The activity is fully recovered when the pH is above 6.5 and hardly recovers when the pH fell to 4.5. The main Zn2+ removal mechanism is chemical adsorption.

Advanced Reactor Design, Operation and Economy

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gatze Lettinga ◽  
Look Hulshoff Pol
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Internal Circulation ◽  
Inlet System ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Feed Inlet

Of the high rate anaerobic wastewater treatment systems the UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactor has found the widest application. Therefore the attention with respect to design, operation and economy will be focussed on this reactor type. In designing a UASB reactor specific attention is needed for the GSS (Gas-Solids Separator) device and the feed inlet system. For soluble wastewater generally no phase separation is required. Only for wastewaters high in suspended solids pre-acidification in a separate acidification reactor can be beneficial. Increasing attention is given to the development of modified UASB systems, such as a combination of a sludge bed reactor and an anaerobic filter. Other possible modified UASB systems may be found in a FS (Floating Settling) UASB reactor, the EGSB (Expanded Granular Sludge Bed) reactor and the UASB IC (Internal Circulation) reactor. As many factors are involved in the costs of a UASB reactor, only some rough data on reactor costs are presented.

Degradation of chlorinated aromatic compounds in UASB reactors

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Christiansen ◽  
Hanne V. Hendriksen ◽  
Kimmo T. Järvinen ◽  
Birgitte K. Ahring
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Ring Cleavage ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Chlorinated Phenols ◽  
Desulfomonile Tiedjei ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactors

Data on anaerobic degradation of chloroaromatic compounds in Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactors (UASB-reactor) are presented and compared. Special attention is given to the metabolic pathways for degradation of chlorinated phenols by granular sludge. Results indicate that PCP can be degraded in UASB-reactors via stepwise dechlorination to phenol. Phenol will subsequently be converted to benzoate before ring cleavage. Dechlorination proceeds via different pathways dependent upon the inocula used. Results are further presented on the design of special metabolic pathways in granules which do not possess this activity using the dechlorinating organism, Desulfomonile tiedjei. Additionally, it is shown that it is possible to immobilize Dechlorosporium hafniense, a newly isolated dechlorinating anaerobe, into granular sludge, thereby introducing an ability not previously present in the granules.

Treatment of Sweet Potato Starch Wastewater with UASB

2013 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 234-237
Author(s):  
Hong Fen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Starch Wastewater ◽  
Sweet Potato Starch ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

A pilot-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was used to study the sweet potato starch wastewater treatment performance and its influencing factors. Under normal temperature conditions, the operating parameters of sweet potato starch wastewater from UASB treatment was optimized, and the better conditions from different influent CODcr concentrations was obtained. The impacts from trace elements MgCl2, FeCl2, CoCl2, NiCl2 on physiological and biochemical characteristics of anaerobic granular sludge was developed.

scholarly journals Improved Dechlorinating Performance of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactors by Incorporation ofDehalospirillum multivorans into Granular Sludge

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1860-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine H�rber ◽  
Nina Christiansen ◽  
Erik Arvin ◽  
Birgitte K. Ahring
Keyword(s):  
Specific Growth ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Strictly Anaerobic ◽  
Abiotic Control ◽  
Dehalospirillum Multivorans ◽  
Test Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

ABSTRACT Dechlorination of tetrachloroethene, also known as perchloroethylene (PCE), was investigated in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor after incorporation of the strictly anaerobic, reductively dechlorinating bacterium Dehalospirillum multivorans into granular sludge. This reactor was compared to the reference 1 (R1) reactor, where the granules were autoclaved to remove all dechlorinating abilities before inoculation, and to the reference 2 (R2) reactor, containing only living granular sludge. All three reactors were fed mineral medium containing 3 to 57 μM PCE, 2 mM formate, and 0.5 mM acetate and were operated under sterile conditions. In the test reactor, an average of 93% (mole/mole) of the effluent chloroethenes was dichloroethene (DCE), compared to 99% (mole/mole) in the R1 reactor. The R2 reactor, with no inoculation, produced only trichloroethene (TCE), averaging 43% (mole/mole) of the effluent chloroethenes. No dechlorination of PCE was observed in an abiotic control consisting of sterile granules without inoculum. During continuous operation with stepwise-reduced hydraulic retention times (HRTs), both the test reactor and the R1 reactor showed conversion of PCE to DCE, even at HRTs much lower than the reciprocal maximum specific growth rate of D. multivorans, indicating that this bacterium was immobilized in the living and autoclaved granular sludge. In contrast, the R2 reactor, with no inoculation of D. multivorans, only converted PCE to TCE under the same conditions. Immobilization could be confirmed by using fluorescein-labeled antibody probes raised against D. multivorans. In granules obtained from the R1 reactor, D. multivorans grew mainly in microcolonies located in the centers of the granules, while in the test reactor, the bacterium mainly covered the surfaces of granules.

scholarly journals Ecophysiology of Uncultured Filamentous Anaerobes Belonging to the Phylum KSB3 That Cause Bulking in Methanogenic Granular Sludge

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 2081-2087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Yamada ◽  
Kae Kikuchi ◽  
Toshihiro Yamauchi ◽  
Koji Shiraishi ◽  
Tsukasa Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Rnase H ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Substrate Uptake ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Carbohydrate Degradation ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

ABSTRACTA filamentous bulking of a methanogenic granular sludge caused by uncultured filamentous bacteria of the candidate phylum KSB3 in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) system has been reported. To characterize the physiological traits of the filaments, a polyphasic approach consisting of rRNA-based activity monitoring of the KSB3 filaments using the RNase H method and substrate uptake profiling using microautoradiography combined with fluorescencein situhybridization (MAR-FISH) was conducted. On the basis of rRNA-based activity, the monitoring of a full-scale UASB reactor operated continuously revealed that KSB3 cells became active and predominant (up to 54% of the total 16S rRNA) in the sludge when the carbohydrate loading to the system increased. Batch experiments with a short incubation of the sludge with maltose, glucose, fructose, and maltotriose at relatively low concentrations (approximately 0.1 mM) in the presence of yeast extract also showed an increase in KSB3 rRNA levels under anaerobic conditions. MAR-FISH confirmed that the KSB3 cells took up radioisotopic carbons from [14C]maltose and [14C]glucose under the same incubation conditions in the batch experiments. These results suggest that one of the important ecophysiological characteristics of KSB3 cells in the sludge is carbohydrate degradation in wastewater and that high carbohydrate loadings may trigger an outbreak of KSB3 bacteria, causing sludge bulking in UASB systems.

Removal of COD from Piggery Wastewater Using a Lab-Scale UASB Reactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 534 ◽  
pp. 221-224
Author(s):  
Fei Yan ◽  
Jin Long Zuo ◽  
Tian Lei Qiu ◽  
Xu Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Volume Loading ◽  
Piggery Wastewater ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

It took 55 days to start up a lab-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor at ambient temperature 27-28 oC by using the synthetic wastewater, and piggery wastewater was used as the influent after the reactor start-up. From day 120 onwards, COD removal efficiency maintained in the range of 85% to 95% with 6.79-9.66 kg COD/ (m3•d) of volume loading, and the effluent COD concentration ranged between 400 mg/L and 600 mg/L. Granular sludge formation was observed in the reactor after 40-day operation, and the sludge diameter reached 2-4 mm in the 120 day-old reactor. The pH changes in the influent had little influence on COD removal from piggery wastewater using the UASB reactor.

Acclimation of the trichloroethylene-degrading anaerobic granular sludge and the degradation characteristics in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Miao Hu ◽  
Zhao Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

The granulation process was examined in an 8 L laboratory upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor using synthetic wastewater contained trichloroethylene (TCE). Glucose and lactate were used as primary substrates. The anaerobic bacteria biomass were acclimated and granulated by increasing the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and TCE loadings. Anaerobic sludge was acclimated successfully in 120 days in the anaerobic sludge acclimation appliance. Since start-up, the UASB was operated as a continuous-flow reactor under the following operation conditions: temperature of (35 ± 1)°C, pH ≈ 7.2, hydraulic retention time of 10 h, COD of 2.5 g L−1 and TCE loading rate from 50.5 to 252.3 mg · (L d)−1. The UASB reactor was started successfully. The sludge volume index was 13 mL g−1. The maximum specific methanogenic activity was 1.42 gCOD · (gVSS.d)−1. After 90 days, 85% of COD and 85% of TCE removal efficiencies were achieved. The TCE degrading granular sludge had an average diameter of 2.7 mm and total suspended solid of 52 g L−1. Anaerobic sludge adsorption of TCE reached adsorption equilibrium in 0.5 h, and in 1 h reached desorption equilibrium. Furthermore, cis-dichloroethylene and vinyl chloride were detected, which showed that the removal of TCE was caused by both adsorption and biodegradation but mainly by biodegradation.

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