scholarly journals Volumetric modeling of two sludge piles from water treatment plants in a Brazilian reservoir

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Mansur Almeida ◽  
Eduardo Yukio Basílio Wada ◽  
Julio Cesar Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Aluminum Content ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Calculated Mass ◽  
Flocculating Agent ◽  
Drinkable Water

Abstract Water treatment plants are designed to continuously produce drinkable water, meeting defined criteria of potability. However, besides potable water, these plants produce sludges that are disposed of in the environment. The present work aimed to evaluate the sludges generated in two water treatment plants and disposed of in the margin of the Juturnaíba dam. Since alum has been used as a flocculating agent in these two plants, the concentrations of aluminum were measured in the sludges and in surface sediments. The generated piles are extremely soft to walk on and difficult to measure, so indirect modeling procedures had to be applied. The calculated mass of the sludge piles at each plant are similar and respectively 60,370 and 61,479 tons. The aluminum content of the residues, calculated according to its dosage, was 33.2 and 32.6 g kg−1 in the piles from the two plants. The amount of alum dosed to the water corresponds almost to the excess of aluminum in the sludge, compared to the sediments. It was concluded that regardless of the fact that residues are disposed of in very restricted areas, they are directly in contact with the water and may constitute a threat for the environment and humans’ health.

Determination of natural radionuclides in waste generated in the potable water treatment plants of the Zona da Mata of the state of Pernambuco- Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Muniz De Almeida Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
The United States ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Potable Water Treatment

The water purification procedure aims to obtain a product appropriate for human consumption, minimizing the presence of contaminants and toxic substances present in the water. Among these contaminants, some radionuclides of natural origin, such as uranium, thorium and their descendants, have been identified. Studies have shown that the stages of purification are quite effective in removing the radionuclides contained in water. The removal is due to co-precipitation of the radionuclides with the suspended materials and the precipitated material is accumulated and characterized as a Technologically Concentrated Natural Occurrence Radioactive Material (TENORM) by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). This residue can present significant levels of radioactivity and, when discarded in the environment without any treatment, can generate a problem of environmental impact and a risk to the health of the population. In this way, some gamma emitters of the series of U, Th and the K-40 were determined in the residues generated at the Potable Water Treatment Plants – PWTPs in six municipalities of Pernambuco. The results obtain corroborate the classification of the residues generated in the PWTPs as concentrators of the radioactive components contained in the water supplied to the system and reinforce the need for the release to the environment, which is the usual way of disposal of this waste, to be carried out only after considering the radiological protection standards established.

scholarly journals Life cycle assessment of four potable water treatment plants in northeastern Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Orlando Ortíz Rodriguez ◽  
Raquel Amanda Villamizar-Gallardo ◽  
Rafael Guilhermo García
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Potable Water Treatment

There is currently great concern about the processes that directly or indirectly contribute to the potential for global warming, such as stratospheric ozone depletion or acidification. In this context, and provided that treated water is a basic public utility in urban centers around the world as well as in some rural areas, its impact on the environment is of great interest. Therefore, this study applied the environmental methodology of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to evaluate the environmental loads of four potable water treatment plants (PWTPs) located in northeastern Colombia following the international guidelines delineated in ISO 14040. The different stages of the drinking water process were thoroughly assessed, from the catchment point through pumping to the distribution network. The functional unit was defined as 1 m3 of drinking water produced at the plant. The data were analyzed through the database Ecoinvent v.3.01, and modeled and processed in the software LCA-Data Manager. The results showed that in plants PLA-CA and PLA-PO, the flocculation process has the highest environmental load, which is mostly attributable to the coagulant agent, with a range between 47-73% of the total impact. In plants PLA-TON and PLA-BOS, electricity consumption was identified as the greatest impact source, with percentages ranging from 67 to 85%. Treatment processes and techniques, bioclimatic conditions and culturally driven consumption behavior varied from region to region. Furthermore, changes in treatment processes and techniques are likely to affect the environment during all stages of a plant’s operational cycle.

Use of recycled crushed glass as a filtration medium in municipal potable water treatment plants

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Evans ◽  
P. Dennis ◽  
M. Cousins ◽  
R. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Recycled Glass ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Water Rates ◽  
Treatment Application ◽  
Filtration Medium ◽  
Potable Water Treatment

The aim of this study was to investigate the use of recycled crushed glass as a filtration medium for municipal potable water treatment plants. It evaluated the main physical parameters of recycled glass and its performance in a potable water treatment application. Pilot-plant testing was used to compare the performance of recycled glass to a typical sand filter medium in a conventional treatment process. Laboratory analysis was used to determine media characteristics. Pilot-plant testing determined that the filtration performance of the glass medium was similar to that of a typical sand medium of similar effective size and uniformity under all conditions tested. The glass medium had the benefit of taking 10-15% longer than the sand to reach particle breakthrough. The glass also appeared to accumulate headloss in most runs at a slightly lower rate than the sand. Backwashing observed during pilot-plant testing also showed that the glass expanded more than the sand under the same backwash water rates. This was noted to be a potential benefit to installations that have low backwash water flow.

scholarly journals The Study of Grading Method and Application Performance of Management Systems of Rural Potable Water Treatment Plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinkai Qiu ◽  
Cheng Lu ◽  
Yinying Zhou ◽  
Shuyang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Application Performance ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Intelligent Management ◽  
Qualification Rate

The application of management systems can solve the manage problems and improve the potable water safety for rural potable water treatment plants. The systems in Zhejiang province, China are studied and the system grading method is proposed as attendance management (G1), basic automatic management (G2), quantity-based automatic management (G3), quality-based intelligent management (G4), quality-based & feedback controlled intelligent management (G5). G3 to G5 systems can achieve remote control and G4, G5 systems can guarantee the finished water quality theoretically. The application performance of the management systems shows G5 system has the lowest allocated annual cost as 11500 RMB per year when used to service life as 5 years (23.37% of G1 system). By using G5 system, the finished water turbidity is below 0.8 NTU, pH is between 7.6 to 8.2, and the qualification rate of residual chlorine is above 92.5%, which performances better than G3 system with finished water turbidity below 9.7 NTU, pH between 7.3 to 8.2, and the qualification rate of residual chlorine above 88.7%. G5 system is recommended when the plant is hard to be staffed or the inlet water quality is not good. G3 system is recommended when the inlet water quality is good or the purchase budget is limited.

Assessment of Sediment Arsenic and Iron Occurrence and Leaching Potential in a Potable Water Treatment Wastewater Stabilization Pond System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ekhlasi Nia ◽  
Harrison Bull ◽  
Mohsen Asadi ◽  
Kerry McPhedran
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Leaching Potential ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Kd Values ◽  
Leaching Experiments ◽  
Wastewater Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Potable Water Treatment

Wastewater stabilization ponds (WSPs) are commonly used to reduce wastewater metal(loid) concentrations from drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) through sedimentation. However, this results in increased sediment concentrations that can be released back into the overlying water. Thus, our goal was to evaluate the WSP metal(loid)s occurrence and leaching potential. Currently, a Saskatchewan based DWTP’s WSP system was investigated given historically elevated effluent As and Fe concentrations. The WSP consists of five ponds that were sampled on six occasions in 2019 and 2020. In addition, sediments were used in laboratory-based experiments to determine their leaching potential. Overall, the sediments were found to contain elevated concentrations of As and Fe with 25 to 400 and 10,000 to 45,000 mg/kg, respectively. Leaching experiments indicated that the pond sediments could potentially release As and Fe with log Kd values ranging from 2.21 to 4.31 L/kg, while Fe ranged from 3.32 to 5.53 L/kg.

Assessing the potential use of abandoned mining pools as an alternative resource of raw water supply

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 410-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faradiella Mohd Kusin ◽  
Mohd Syakirin Md Zahar ◽  
Siti Nurjaliah Muhammad ◽  
Zafira Md Zin ◽  
Sharifah Mohd Sharif
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
The State ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Main River ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Alternative Resource ◽  
Potential Use

The water crisis in the state of Selangor has prompted the state water authority to use water from abandoned mining pools as an alternative resource of raw water supply. In this study, the potential use of the mining pool water has been assessed to evaluate its safe use for potable water consumption, which is the source of raw water to be supplied to water treatment plants. Assessments were made between sampling sites that include abandoned mining pools, active sand mining pools, and the receiving streams (two tributaries and the main river, Selangor River) within Bestari Jaya catchment, Selangor River Basin. As anticipated, some concentrations of metals were found in the active mining pool and in its discharge, such as iron, manganese, lead, copper and zinc. However, the trace elements were found at very low concentrations or below detection limits in the abandoned mining pools and in the rivers. It was found that generally the quality of the water in the rivers (upstream of water intake of the water treatment plants) was well below the recommended guideline limits set out by the Malaysia Ministry of Health for untreated raw water, and therefore is safe for potable water use.

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