scholarly journals POLÍTICAS DE IDENTIDADE: POSIÇÕES ANTROPOLÓGICAS DIANTE DOS DIREITOS QUILOMBOLAS E DAS COTAS RACIAIS / IDENTITY POLITICS: ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON QUILOMBOLAS’ RIGHTS AND RACIAL QUOTAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (50) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Hofbauer
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
The Way

Propostas para implementar políticas focadas que pretendem combater os efeitos da discriminação racial no Brasil têm provocado muita polêmica na sociedade brasileira. Neste debate, os posicionamentos e as contribuições de antropólogos brasileiros, tanto para a defesa quanto para o questionamento destas políticas de identidade, ganharam destaque. Este artigo propõe-se a analisá-las ao exemplo de dois casos emblemáticos: o dos direitos, garantidos pela Constituição, aos remanescentes de comunidades dos quilombos e o da implementação de cotas raciais em universidades públicas. Especial atenção é dada à maneira como conceitos paradigmáticos do pensamento antropológico – raça, cultura, identidade (etnicidade) – são acionados nas respectivas linhas de argumentação. ABSTRACTProposals to implement targeted policies aimed at combatting the effects of racial discrimination in Brazil have provoked great controversy in Brazilian society. In this debate, perspectives and contributions of Brazilian anthropologists, both in defense and questioning these identity politics, have been widely commented upon. This article proposes to analyze these policies using examples of two representative cases: the rights guaranteed by the Constitution to the remnants of maroon communities (quilombos) and the implementation of racial quotas in public universities. Special attention was given to the way in which paradigmatic concepts in anthropological thought – race, cultural, identity (ethnicity) – are mobilized in these respective lines of argument.

Theorizing Cultural Identities: Historical Institutionalism as a Challenge to the Culturalists

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Lecours
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Charles Taylor ◽  
Historical Institutionalism ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
Will Kymlicka ◽  
Multiethnic States ◽  
Inherent Strength ◽  
The Way

The interest of philosophers in the politics of cultural identity was one of the most interesting developments in this field in the 1990s. Their involvement in an area dominated by historians, sociologists, political scientists and anthropologists2 has been particularly evident in Canada where scholars such as Will Kymlicka and Charles Taylor have shaped the way many academics understand cultural identity politics. These theorists have favoured a cultural approach to the phenomenon. They have established frameworks for understanding and managing multiethnic states that stress the inherent strength and meaning of culture.

Brazilian Black Theatre: A Political Theatre Against Racism

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-51
Author(s):  
Christine Douxami
Keyword(s):  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Political Theatre ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
Discrimination Characteristic ◽  
Theatre Companies ◽  
Black Theatre ◽  
Experimental Theatre ◽  
The Way

Black Brazilian theatre constitutes a political and artistic response to the racial discrimination characteristic of Brazilian society. As early as 1944, young members of the recently created black political movement saw theatre as a potential weapon to transform Brazilian society and created the Teatro Experimental do Negro (Black Experimental Theatre). This activist theatre continues to this day to pave the way for other black theatre companies.

Tiki Taane’s With Strings Attached: Alive & Orchestrated and postcolonial identity politics in New Zealand

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oli Wilson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Performance Practice ◽  
Art Music ◽  
Western Art ◽  
Performance Group ◽  
Representational Practices ◽  
Colonial Experience ◽  
Television Documentary

This chapter explores how the New Zealand popular music artist Tiki Taane subverts dominant representational practices concerning New Zealand cultural identity by juxtaposing musical ensembles, one a ‘colonial’ orchestra, the other a distinctively Māori (indigenous New Zealand) kapa haka performance group, in his With Strings Attached: Alive & Orchestrated album and television documentary, released in 2014. Through this collaboration, Tiki reframes the colonial experience as an amalgam of reappropriated cultural signifiers that enraptures those that identify with colonization and colonizing experiences, and in doing so, expresses a form of authorial agency. The context of Tiki’s subversive approach is contextualized by examining postcolonial representational practices surrounding Māori culture and orchestral hybrids in the western art music tradition, and through a discussion about the ways the performance practice called kapa haka is represented through existing scholarly studies of Māori music.

Oral Literature and Transculturality: A Study of Contemporary Cameroonian Songs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Anne Obono Essomba
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Culture Shock ◽  
Oral Literature ◽  
Universal Values ◽  
Hybrid Product ◽  
The Way

Globalization led by Europe has spread so-called 'universal' values across the globe, which seems to have cultural intermingling as its backdrop. All human endeavors are based on a culture that has become multidimensional. All the time, in their diversity, cultures try to complement and absorb each other. However, in this meeting of cultural giving and receiving, it takes on a new face, the culture shock.  This encounter causes major changes in our modern societies, giving way to a loss of cultural identity and internal imbalance. This article aims to analyze the way in which contemporary Cameroonian musicians use cultural and linguistic facts for communication purposes and other arguments. The aim of our work is to show how the various songwriters have found, through song, a new mode of resistance so that African traditions escape sedimentation. In this way, they reconcile the elements of oral tradition and the contributions of modernity to create a hybrid product. To illustrate our point, we have chosen oral texts from different regions of Cameroon.  In order to better understand the transcultural reality in the texts, we will highlight the marks of traditional and modern aesthetics, then show that the transcultural is seen as a space of symbiosis between the traditional and the modern.

Identity, Beliefs, and Political Conflict

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giampaolo Bonomi ◽  
Nicola Gennaioli ◽  
Guido Tabellini
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Cultural Conflict ◽  
Cultural Group ◽  
Economic Shocks ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Policy Conflict ◽  
Cultural Policies ◽  
Social Divide

Abstract We present a theory of identity politics that builds on two ideas. First, when policy conflict renders a certain social divide—economic or cultural—salient, a voter identifies with her economic or cultural group. Second, the voter slants her beliefs toward the stereotype of the group she identifies with. We obtain three implications. First, voters’ beliefs are polarized along the distinctive features of salient groups. Second, if the salience of cultural policies increases, cultural conflict rises, redistributive conflict falls, and polarization becomes more correlated across issues. Third, economic shocks hurting conservative voters may trigger a switch to cultural identity, causing these voters to demand less redistribution. We discuss U.S. survey evidence in light of these implications.

scholarly journals Visual analysis to compare academic performances of quota and non-quota students from computer-related programs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro B. Pio ◽  
Igor C. Sodré ◽  
Vinicius R. P. Borges
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Dropout Rates ◽  
Quota System ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
Analysis Process

The implementation of affirmative actions in public universities is a topic of debate within the Brazilian society, specially regarding the academic performance of students that have been admitted through the quota system. This paper describes a visual analysis process to explore and compare the academic performances of quota and non-quota students from computer-related programs in a public Brazilian university. The results revealed that both failure and dropout rates for quota students are slightly higher than non-quota students in the first terms, but tends to present similar rates at the final terms.

The Articulating-Self Inside Out

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-86
Author(s):  
Somayeh Noori Shirazi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The Self ◽  
Iranian Woman ◽  
Inside Out ◽  
The Way

This chapter maps the different ways with which an Iranian woman artist, Katayoun Karami, critically responds to the stereotypes about the depiction of cultural identity in the artworks of female artists with a Middle Eastern background. The key point of Karami's response is the way she applies her self–portrait to articulate the self and her subjectivity, which is analysed in this chapter by examining one of her works named the Other Side. In this installation, the artist demonstrates the construction of gender identity in today's Iran through her personal perception of veiling. Working within the frameworks of feminist and Orientalist discourses, this chapter aims to explore how Karami's lived experience as a continual activity of becoming has been formed through the experience of veiling, and what strategies are deployed by her to interrogate the presumptions about the image of the veiled body in Western and Iranian contexts.

Racial Discrimination and TESOL

2021 ◽  
pp. 712-726
Author(s):  
Ismael Louber
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Racial Identities ◽  
Professional Environment ◽  
Ethnic And Cultural Identity ◽  
The Relationship

While the field of TESOL/TEFL claims to be inclusive given that it is composed of a myriad of sociocultural backgrounds and environments, racial discrimination is a common phenomenon, especially in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Nonetheless, this issue has not been given enough attention by researchers, in that particular region at least. This article reports the findings of a small-scale qualitative study conducted in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia drawing upon the experiences of six non-Saudi male English as a Foreign Language (EFL) lecturers. Open-ended questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data to explore the relationship between teachers' construction of their ethnic and racial identities and issues of discrimination within their professional environment. The study explored the participants' construction of their ethnic and cultural identity and its possible relation to discriminatory practices in their professional environment. The research showed how certain discriminatory practices affected how the participants projected their ethnic and cultural identity in their professional context.

Localisation, Ghanaian Pentecostalism and the Stranger's Beauty in Botswana

Africa ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rijk van Dijk
Keyword(s):  
Identity Politics ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Host Society ◽  
Current Position ◽  
Migrant Community ◽  
Pentecostal Churches ◽  
The One ◽  
The City ◽  
Repulsion And Attraction ◽  
The Way

AbstractThis contribution considers the current position of the Ghanaian migrant community in Botswana's capital, Gaborone, at a time of rising xenophobic sentiments and increasing ethnic tensions among the general public. The article examines anthropological understandings of such sentiments by placing them in the context of the study of nationalisms in processes of state formation in Africa and the way in which these ideologies reflect the position and recognition of minorities. In Botswana, identity politics indulge in a liberalist democratic rhetoric in which an undifferentiated citizenship is promoted by the state, concealing on the one hand inequalities between the various groups in the country, but on the other hand defending the exclusive interests of all ‘Batswana’ against foreign influence through the enactment of what has become known as a ‘localisation policy'. Like many other nationalities, Ghanaian expatriate labour has increasingly become the object of localisation policies. However in their case xenophobic sentiments have taken on unexpected dimensions. By focusing on the general public's fascination with Ghanaian fashion and styles of beautification, the numerous hair salons and clothing boutiques Ghanaians operate, in addition to the newly emerging Ghanaian-led Pentecostal churches in the city, the ambiguous but ubiquitous play of repulsion and attraction can be demonstrated in the way in which localisation is perceived and experienced by the migrant as well as by the dominant groups in society. The article concludes by placing entrepreneurialism at the nexus of where this play of attraction and repulsion creates a common ground of understanding between Ghanaians and their host society, despite the government's hardening localisation policies.

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