Transplantation of hemopoietic stem cells. VII. Practice of donor coordination in bone marrow donor registry and role of coordinator.

Abstract Hemopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside within a specified area of the bone marrow (BM) cavity called a “niche” that modulates HSC quiescence, proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Our previous studies have identified the endosteal BM region as the site for the HSC niche and demonstrated that hemopoietic stem and progenitor populations (HSPCs, LSK) isolated from different BM regions exhibit significantly different hemopoietic potential. In this study, we have analyzed subpopulations of LSK cells isolated from different regions of the BM and showed that CD150+CD48−LSK HSCs within the endosteal BM region have superior proliferative capacity and homing efficiency compared with CD150+CD48−LSK HSCs isolated from the central BM. Furthermore, we show, for the first time, that a subset of CD150+CD48+LSK progenitor cells, previously defined as B-lymphoid primed hemopoietic cells, are capable of multilineage reconstitution, however, only when isolated from the endosteal region. In addition, we provide evidence for an unrecognized role of CD48 in HSC homing. Together, our data provide strong evidence that highly purified HSCs show functional differences depending on their origin within the BM and that the most primitive HSCs reside within the endosteal BM region.

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The Role of Bone Marrow, Peripheral Blood Stem Cells, and Cord Blood Hemopoietic Stem Cells in Autologous, Related, and Unrelated Transplants

Tissue and Cell Clinical Use ◽

10.1002/9781118498453.ch15 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 312-331

Author(s):

Rachael Hough ◽

John E. Wagner

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Hemopoietic Stem Cells ◽

Peripheral Blood Stem Cells ◽

Blood Stem Cells

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Role of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells in protection of spermatogenic and Sertoli cells against histological alterations induced by torsion/detorsion in rats

Journal of Medical Histology ◽

10.21608/jmh.2017.7923 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 154-169

Author(s):

Samar Reda ◽

Hala Hashem ◽

Heba Elnegris ◽

Laila Elshal

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Sertoli Cells ◽

Histological Alterations

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MicroRNA treatment modulates osteogenic differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human chorion and placenta

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-87298-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kulisara Marupanthorn ◽

Chairat Tantrawatpan ◽

Pakpoom Kheolamai ◽

Duangrat Tantikanlayaporn ◽

Sirikul Manochantr

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Transcription Factor ◽

Osteogenic Differentiation ◽

Differentiation Potential ◽

Osteogenic Gene Expression ◽

Osteogenic Gene

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are important in regenerative medicine because of their potential for multi-differentiation. Bone marrow, chorion and placenta have all been suggested as potential sources for clinical application. However, the osteogenic differentiation potential of MSCs derived from chorion or placenta is not very efficient. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) plays an important role in bone development. Its effect on osteogenic augmentation has been addressed in several studies. Recent studies have also shown a relationship between miRNAs and osteogenesis. We hypothesized that miRNAs targeted to Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2), a major transcription factor of osteogenesis, are responsible for regulating the differentiation of MSCs into osteoblasts. This study examines the effect of BMP-2 on the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs isolated from chorion and placenta in comparison to bone marrow-derived MSCs and investigates the role of miRNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs from these sources. MSCs were isolated from human bone marrow, chorion and placenta. The osteogenic differentiation potential after BMP-2 treatment was examined using ALP staining, ALP activity assay, and osteogenic gene expression. Candidate miRNAs were selected and their expression levels during osteoblastic differentiation were examined using real-time RT-PCR. The role of these miRNAs in osteogenesis was investigated by transfection with specific miRNA inhibitors. The level of osteogenic differentiation was monitored after anti-miRNA treatment. MSCs isolated from chorion and placenta exhibited self-renewal capacity and multi-lineage differentiation potential similar to MSCs isolated from bone marrow. BMP-2 treated MSCs showed higher ALP levels and osteogenic gene expression compared to untreated MSCs. All investigated miRNAs (miR-31, miR-106a and miR148) were consistently downregulated during the process of osteogenic differentiation. After treatment with miRNA inhibitors, ALP activity and osteogenic gene expression increased over the time of osteogenic differentiation. BMP-2 has a positive effect on osteogenic differentiation of chorion- and placenta-derived MSCs. The inhibition of specific miRNAs enhanced the osteogenic differentiation capacity of various MSCs in culture and this strategy might be used to promote bone regeneration. However, further in vivo experiments are required to assess the validity of this approach.

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The Role of the Bone Marrow Microenvironment in the Response to Infection

Frontiers in Immunology ◽

10.3389/fimmu.2020.585402 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Courtney B. Johnson ◽

Jizhou Zhang ◽

Daniel Lucas

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Immune Cells ◽

Critical Role ◽

Primary Source ◽

Bone Marrow Microenvironment ◽

Future Research ◽

Multipotent Stem Cells ◽

Hematopoietic Stem

Hematopoiesis in the bone marrow (BM) is the primary source of immune cells. Hematopoiesis is regulated by a diverse cellular microenvironment that supports stepwise differentiation of multipotent stem cells and progenitors into mature blood cells. Blood cell production is not static and the bone marrow has evolved to sense and respond to infection by rapidly generating immune cells that are quickly released into the circulation to replenish those that are consumed in the periphery. Unfortunately, infection also has deleterious effects injuring hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), inefficient hematopoiesis, and remodeling and destruction of the microenvironment. Despite its central role in immunity, the role of the microenvironment in the response to infection has not been systematically investigated. Here we summarize the key experimental evidence demonstrating a critical role of the bone marrow microenvironment in orchestrating the bone marrow response to infection and discuss areas of future research.

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Analysis of rat hemopoietic cells on the fluorescence-activated cell sorter. I. Isolation of pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells and granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.152.2.419 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 152 (2) ◽

pp. 419-437 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

I Goldschneider ◽

D Metcalf ◽

F Battye ◽

T Mandel

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Progenitor Cells ◽

Relative Concentration ◽

Hemopoietic Stem Cells ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Cell Sorter ◽

Cell Series ◽

Rat Bone

A scheme is presented whereby pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells (PHSC) from rat bone marrow can be enriched 320-fold with the aid of the fluorescence- activated cell sorter. This scheme is based on the observations that PHSC are strongly positive for Thy-1 antigen (upper 10th percentile); have light- scattering properties (size distribution) between those of bone marrow lymphocytes and myeloid progenitor cells; and are relatively resistant to cortisone. It is estimated that PHSC may constitute 80 percent of the cells isolated according to these parameters. Candidate PHSC are described at the light and electron microscopic levels. At least two populations of accessory cells appear to influence the number and/or the nature of the hemopoietic colonies that form in the in vivo spleen colony-forming unit assay. Putative amplifier cells are strongly Thy-1(+) and cortisone sensitive; putative suppressor cells are weakly Thy-1(+) and cortisone resistant. Three subsets of granulocyte (G) -macrophage (M) progenitor cells (in vitro colony-forming cells [CFC]) are identified on the basis of relative fluorescence intensity for Thy-1 antigen: G-CFC are strongly Thy-l(+); M-CFC are weakly Thy-l(+); and cells that produce mixed G and M CFC have intermediate levels of Thy-1. GM-cluster-forming cells and mature G and M are Thy-1(-). The results suggest that G-CFC are bipotential cells that give rise to G and M-CFC; and that the latter produce mature M through a cluster- forming cell intermediate. Thy-1 antigen is also demonstrated on members of the eosinophil, megakaryocyte, erythrocyte, and lymphocyte cell series in rat bone marrow. In each instance, the relative concentration of Thy-1 antigen is inversely related to the state of cellular differentiation.

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