scholarly journals Inspiracje podhalańskie w meblach regionalnych Józefa Kulona

Artifex Novus ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Anna Kostrzyńska-Miłosz

Abstrakt: Twórczość Józefa Kulona obejmuje szereg dziedzin związanych ze sztuką użytkową. Najbardziej znanymi jego projektami są meble regionalne, zwane także wiejskimi, inspirowane formami mebli ludowych. Były one wykonywane w spółdzielniach należących do Cepelii. Najliczniejsze tego typu projekty Kulona powstały dla Zakopiańskich Warsztatów Wzorcowych. Analizując ich formy, można wydzielić dwa typy. Pierwszy – najliczniejszy, charakteryzuje się użyciem wyraźnie zaznaczonych elementów konstrukcyjnych z płycinami wypełnionymi deseczkami lub ażurem o pofalowanych krawędziach, naśladujących ornamenty ludowe, do niego możemy zaliczyć takie zestawy jak Janosik, Kierdel, Redyk czy Kacwin; i drugi – różniący się nie konstrukcją, a jedynie ornamentyką, to meble o miękkich liniach zdobionych stylizowanym, wyciętym konturowo dłutem ornamentem animalistycznym. Ich powierzchnia była często opalana i szczotkowana, tak by uzyskać wyraźny, jaśniejszy rysunek słojów. Przykładem mogą być komplet Miś czy nieznane mi z nazwy meble, które można artyście przypisać. Od lat 60. artysta tworzył wystrój licznych wnętrz użyteczności publicznej, by wymienić tylko kilka: świetlicę Spółdzielni Pracy „Pieniny” w Krościenku (1968), świetlicę Spółdzielni Pracy AW, Koniaków (1968), część wyposażenia schroniska Ślęża (1966). Józef Kulon projektował również pojedyncze sprzęty dla osób znanych, na indywidualne zamówienia, m.in. w 1966 r. ławy dla wiceprezydenta USA H. Humphreya, w 1967 r. łóżko dla gen. Charlesa de Gaulle’a oraz łóżko dla Jana Pawła II w ośrodku wypoczynkowym biskupów polskich w Zakopanem. Summary: Józef Kulon’s oeuvre includes a number of branches related to applied art. His best known designs encompass regional furniture, also called cottage furniture, inspired by forms from folk furniture pieces. Kulon’s furniture was manufactured in Cepelia-run Cooperatives. The biggest number of his designs were created for the Zakopane Model Workshops. When analysing their forms, two types can be distinguished. The first, and the most numerous, is characterized by the use of clearly pronounced structural elements with panels filled with slats or openwork of wavy edges imitating folk ornaments, which include such sets as Janosik, Kierdel, Redyk, or Kacwin; the second type does not feature a different structure, but differs in ornamentation, with its pieces boasting soft lines decorated with a stylized contour chisel-cut-out animalistic ornament. The pieces’ surface was often scorched and brushed in order to obtain a clear lighter outline of rings. The latter type is exemplified by the set Miś [Bear] or other furniture pieces, unknown to me by their name, and which can be attributed to Kulon. Beginning with the 1960s, the artist created the décor of numerous interiors of public service, such as, to name a few: the common room of the ‘Pieniny’ Workers’ Cooperative, Krościenko (1968); the common room of the AW Workers’ Cooperative, Koniaków (1968); and a part of the furnishing of the Ślęża mountain hostel (1966). Furthermore, Józef Kulon designed customized furniture pieces for celebrities, e.g. in 1966, benches for US Vice President Humphrey; in 1967, a bed for General Charles de Gaulle; and a bed for John Paul II in the Zakopane Holiday Resort of the Polish Bishops.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-3) ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
David Ramiro Troitino ◽  
Tanel Kerikmae ◽  
Olga Shumilo

This article highlights the role of Charles de Gaulle in the history of united post-war Europe, his approaches to the internal and foreign French policies, also vetoing the membership of the United Kingdom in the European Community. The authors describe the emergence of De Gaulle as a politician, his uneasy relationship with Roosevelt and Churchill during World War II, also the roots of developing a “nationalistic” approach to regional policy after the end of the war. The article also considers the emergence of the Common Agricultural Policy (hereinafter - CAP), one of Charles de Gaulle’s biggest achievements in foreign policy, and the reasons for the Fouchet Plan defeat.


2019 ◽  
pp. 1-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Halevi

This essay deals with the contradictory dynamics that engulfed Europe from 1959 to 1979, the year of the launching of the European Monetary System. It focuses on how the macroeconomic framework of stop-go policies in the 1960s ended up privileging external – intra-European - exports at the expense of domestic demand. The paper offers a very tentative explanation as to why stop-go policies, by weakening domestic demand, did not put an end to the to the ‘long boom’ earlier as they should have. The French crisis of 1968-69 leading to the demise of De Gaulle is discussed at length, as is the renewal of the German export drive in the wake of a nominal revaluation of the D-Mark in 1969. Finally, the revival of labor struggles in Italy in the same year is put in the context of the structural weaknesses of the Italian economy as analyzed by the late Marcello de Cecco. The conclusion is that European countries had neither the political culture nor the institutional mechanisms to coordinate mutually advantageous policies. Their so-called cooperation was an exercise in establishing hegemony while defending the interests specific to the dominant economic groups of each country. The essay then deals with the formation of the EMS as an expression of efforts to establish and enforce economic dominance.


2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
AURÉLIE ÉLISA GFELLER

AbstractCharles de Gaulle has cast a long shadow over French political history and history writing. In exploring the French response to the United States' 1973 ‘Year of Europe’ initiative, this article challenges the dominant scholarly paradigm, which emphasises continuity between the 1960s and the 1970s. Drawing on a wide range of French and US archives, it demonstrates that renewed concerns about US power spurred the French elites both to reappraise the value of collective European action in foreign policy and to foster a pioneering concept: a politically anchored – as opposed to a geographically circumscribed – ‘European identity’.


Tempo ◽  
1997 ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana Moscovich

The composers belonging to what would later be called the ‘spectral music movement’ started their careers in an unstable political period in France. Between 1962 and 1974, under the presidency of Charles de Gaulle and Georges Pompidou, France (the 5th Republic) was what we can call a ‘Gaullist Republic’. But in the middle of the 1960s the economic policy of the government aroused the hostility of the French people. The ‘Stabilization Plan’ of 1963 induced unemployment for the first time since 1945, and the authoritarian character of a government which, in 1967, legislated in the form of ordonnances, turned the people against the presidential policy in every domain.


Author(s):  
Dzhamilya Gunduz Kyzy Atakishieva ◽  
Natal'ya Nikolaevna Naumova

This article traces the evolution of the Western European policy of the General Charles de Gaulle during his presidency. In the early 1950s, he willingly cooperated with the European countries in terms of creating the economic union; however, in the course of solution of decolonization issues and, namely the Algerian problem that constrained the implementation of the key vectors of state policy, the president began focused on advancing the concept of national mightiness of France and commitment to the principles of intergovernmental cooperation in the development of integration. Charles de Gaulle fought for the foundation of the political union “Europe of the Homelands”, in which France would be assigned a significant role. The article analyzes de Gaulle’s failures in negotiations with the “P5+1” countries, which once again demonstrated to the Europeans that building integration is a long and complex process that does not tolerate rapid decisions and requires the ability to compromise. Special attention is turned to the development of integration policy of the General Charles de Gaulle based on his formal speeches, correspondence, and memoirs. De Gaulle's efforts in the sphere of integration policy of the Fifth Republic yielded certain results. First and foremost, he was able to establish the superiority of national principles in addressing the general policy issues in the European Community. Secondly, he prevented the Great Britain from joining the Common Market, as from his opinion it was an economic and political competitor of France. Thirdly, de Gaulle strengthened the international reputation of France as the country that was at the dawn and in the lead of the integration processes in Europe.


Radiopraxis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. E74-E92
Author(s):  
Susanne Anton ◽  
Erik Stahlberg ◽  
Jan Peter Goltz

Das Bauchaortenaneurysma (BAA) als eine fokale Erweiterung aller Wandschichten der Aorta abdominalis ist ein komplexes und lebensbedrohliches Krankheitsbild – Albert Einstein und Charles de Gaulle sind an einer Ruptur verblutet. Eine endovaskuläre Aortenreparatur (EVAR) oder offen-chirurgische Therapie haben das Ziel, das Rupturrisiko niedrig zu halten bzw. zu eliminieren und die Lebenserwartung des Patienten zu verbessern.


1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-106
Author(s):  
Anton W. DePorte
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-96
Author(s):  
Péter Kovács

On December 11, 2020, the International Court of Justice (ICJ or Court) delivered by majority its judgment on the merits of the litigation between Equatorial Guinea and France concerning the legal status of a building at 42 Avenue Foch, situated in Paris, in the very elegant 16th district, close to the Arc de Triomphe (Place de l'Étoile/Place Charles de Gaulle).


Author(s):  
Gaël Le Bris

The aviation community has faced several accidents and incidents on infrastructures and procedures temporarily modified for the purpose of construction works. The analysis of these events shows that usual means of communication to the air crews are the weak link of the safety chain. To address the key challenge of situational awareness during construction works, the Airport Construction Advisory Council of FAA and Paris–Charles de Gaulle Airport (Paris-CDG) developed and evaluated with the airfield community, from 2011 to 2016, an innovative aviation signage. Parallel and complementary studies in human factors led to the definition of specifications for a temporary information signage, also called orange construction sign. Paris-CDG focused on the development of specific messages for each one of the major hazards that could require an increased situational awareness of the air crews during taxiing and takeoff. The results of the evaluation conducted by FAA were published in September 2015. The purpose of this paper is to present the parallel study performed by the author at Paris-CDG with the coalition of the airside operations stakeholders. Both research projects are convergent and confirm the relevance of the orange sign concept for increasing the situational awareness and preventing safety events during airfield construction.


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