scholarly journals Flexible Nuclear Energy for Clean Energy Systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Bragg-Sitton ◽  
John Gorman ◽  
Gordon Burton ◽  
Megan Moore ◽  
Ali Siddiqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Clean Energy

Evaluation of Hybrid Nuclear Energy Systems

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin J. McDaniel
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
System Component

Small Modular Reactor (SMR) technologies have been recently deemed by the DOE as clean energy, a low carbon-dioxide emitting “alternative energy” source. Recent UN Sustainability Goals and Global Climate Talks to reduce the anthropomorphic Carbon-Dioxide atmospheric concentrations signal a renewed interest and need for nuclear power. The objective of this paper is to present an improved approach to the evaluation of “Hybrid Nuclear Energy Systems”. A hybrid energy system is defined as an energy system that utilizes two or more sources of energy to be used in single or multiple applications. Traditional single sourced energy or power systems require the amount of energy creation and the production of usable power to be carefully balanced. With the introduction of multiple energy sources, loads, and energy capacitors, the design, simulation, and operation of such hybrid systems requires a new approach to analysis and control. This paper introduces three examples of “Hybrid Nuclear Energy Systems”, for large scale power, industrial heat, and electricity generation. The system component independence, reliability, availability, and dynamic control aspects, coupled with component operational decisions presents a new way to optimize energy production and availability. Additional novel hybrid hydro-nuclear systems, concentrated solar-nuclear power desalination systems, and nuclear-insitu petroleum extraction systems are compared. The design aspects of such hybrid systems suitable for process heat, electricity generation, and/or desalination applications are discussed. After a multiple-year research study of past hybrid reactor designs and recent system proposals, the following design evaluation approach is the result of analysis of the best concepts discovered. This review of existing literature has summerized that postulated benefits of Hybrid Nuclear Sytems are; reduced greenhouse gas emissions, increased energy conversion efficiency, high reliability of electricity supply and consistent power quality, reduced fossil fuel dependence, less fresh water consumption, conversion of local coal or shale into higher value fuels, while lowering the risks and costs. As these proposed hybrid systems are interdisciplinary in nature, they will require a new multidisciplinary approach to systems evaluation.

scholarly journals Comparative Safety Analysis of Accelerator Driven Subcritical Systems and Critical Nuclear Energy Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 8179
Author(s):  
Run Luo ◽  
Shripad T. Revankar ◽  
Fuyu Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Heat Sink ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Inherent Safety ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Comparative Safety ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Reactivity Insertion

The accelerator driven subcritical system (ADS) has been chosen as one of the best candidates for Generation IV nuclear energy systems which could not only produce clean energy but also incinerate nuclear waste. The transient characteristics and operation principles of ADS are significantly different from those of the critical nuclear energy system (CNES). In this work, the safety characteristics of ADS are analyzed and compared with CNES by a developed neutronics and thermal-hydraulics coupled code named ARTAP. Three typical accidents are carried out in both ADS and CNES, including reactivity insertion, loss of flow, and loss of heat sink. The comparison results show that the power and the temperatures of fuel, cladding, and coolant of the CNES reactor are much higher than those of the ADS reactor during the reactivity insertion accident, which means ADS has a better safety advantage than CNES. However, due to the subcriticality of the ADS core and its low sensitivity to negative reactivity feedback, the simulation results indicate that the inherent safety characteristics of CNES are better than those of ADS under loss of flow accident, and the protection system of ADS would be quickly activated to achieve an emergency shutdown after the accident occurs. For the loss of heat sink, it is found that the peak temperatures of the cladding in the ADS and CNES reactors are lower than the safety limit, which imply these two reactors have good safety performance against loss of heat sink accidents.

Combined heat and power as a platform for clean energy systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 304 ◽  
pp. 117686
Author(s):  
Marilyn A. Brown ◽  
Valentina Sanmiguel Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Energy Systems ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Combined Heat And Power

Materials for future nuclear energy systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 527 ◽  
pp. 151837 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.S. Was ◽  
D. Petti ◽  
S. Ukai ◽  
S. Zinkle
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Energy Systems

scholarly journals Why Affordable Clean Energy Is Not Enough. A Capability Perspective on the Sustainable Development Goals

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Hillerbrand
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Capability Approach ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Capability Approach

This paper reflects on criticisms raised in the literature on the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). These have been criticized as creating a dichotomy between the environment and human beings that fails to address the multiple interconnections between the two. This paper focuses on SDG7—“affordable and clean energy”—and suggests that there is in fact a tripartite distinction between the environment, human beings and technology underlying the SDGs. This distinction, we argue, does not adequately represent the multiple interconnections among the various SDGs and hampers their implementation. We contend that the formulation of SDG7 produces a circular definition of sustainability, a difficulty that is currently resolved at the level of the targets and indicators in a way that regards energy technologies primarily as artifacts. By contrast, the literature on ethical aspects of energy systems largely agrees that energy is a paradigmatic example of a sociotechnical system. We contend that, by not considering this sociotechnical nature, the SDGs run the risk of implicitly defending a certain variant of technological optimism and determinism. We argue that this is disadvantageous to the environment, human well-being and technological development. In line with recent critical evaluations of the SDGs, we argue that these (and other) shortcomings can be addressed by better connecting the SDGs to human well-being. Building on recent literature that expands the scope of the Capability Approach as an alternative measure of well-being so as to include considerations of sustainability, we articulate a framework that allows us to elucidate this connection and thus to take advantage of synergies between human well-being and the environment. On the basis of the Capability Approach, we argue that equating sustainable energy with renewable energy—as is done in the transition from SDG7’s goal to its targets—is indefensible because, as part of the overarching energy systems, energy technologies cannot be classified as simply right or wrong. Rather, the indicators and targets within a framework focused on sustainability need to be (more) context sensitive, meaning that, among other things, they may vary by country and with the available technology.

Cross-Comparison of One-Dimensional Thermal-Hydraulic Codes on Natural Circulation Analysis of NACIE Loop Test for Lead-Alloy Cooled Advanced Nuclear Energy Systems (LACANES)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Hoon Shin ◽  
Il Soon Hwang ◽  
Massimiliano Polidori ◽  
Paride Meloni ◽  
Vincenzo Casamassima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Natural Circulation ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Hydraulic Loss ◽  
Lead Alloy ◽  
Test Results ◽  
One Dimensional

As one of the Generation-IV reactor concepts, lead-alloy-cooled advanced nuclear energy systems (LACANES) have been studied worldwide in order to utilize the advantages of good heat transfer properties, neutron transparency and chemical inertness with air and water. Since the Fukushima accident, the passive safety aspect of the LACANES is increasingly emphasized due to outstanding natural circulation capability. To investigate the thermal-hydraulic capability of LBE, an international cooperation has been performed under OECD/NEA program, under the guidance of the Nuclear Science Committee by a task force named as Lead Alloy Cooled Advanced Nuclear Energy Systems (LACANES) since 2007. This international collaboration had dealt with computational benchmarking of isothermal LBE forced convection tests in the phase I, and the working group published a guideline for using one-dimensional system codes to simulate LBE forced circulation test results from HELIOS loop. The phase II was started after that, to give an additional guideline in the case of natural circulation. NACIE, one of benchmarking targets for the phase II which is a rectangular-shape loop located at ENEA-Brasimone Research Centre, Italy. NACIE test results were benchmarked by each participant using their one-dimensional thermal-hydraulic codes, and they are to follow the guideline from the LACANES phase I for regions where hydraulic loss occurs. Due to the selection of hydraulic loss coefficient relations by users, the cross-comparison results of international participants showed some discrepancies and the estimated mass flow rates had 13% of maximum error. Also, the future R&D areas are identified.

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