Potential Inhibitors of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTP1B) Enzyme: Promising Target for Type-II Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (29) ◽  
pp. 2692-2707
Author(s):  
Sisir Nandi ◽  
Mridula Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Insulin Effect ◽  
Protein Tyrosine ◽  
Ptp1b Inhibitors ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetic

Background: There has been growing interest in the development of highly potent and selective protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP1B) inhibitors for the past 2-3 decades. Though most PTPs share a common active site motif, the interest in selective inhibitors, particularly against PTP1B is increasing to discover new chemical entities as antidiabetic agents. In the current paradigm to find potent and selective PTP1B inhibitors, which is currently considered as one of the best validated biological targets for non-insulin-dependent diabetic and obese individuals, resistance to insulin due to decreased sensitivity of the insulin receptor is a pathological factor and is also genetically linked, causing type II diabetes. Objectives: Insulin receptor sensitization is performed by a signal transduction mechanism via a selective protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP1B). After the interaction of insulin with its receptor, autophosphorylation of the intracellular part of the receptor takes place, turning it into an active kinase (sensitization). PTP1B is involved in the desensitization of the receptor by dephosphorylation. PTP1b inhibitors delay the receptor desensitization, prolonging insulin effect and making PTP1B as a drug target for the treatment of diabetes II. Therefore, it has become a major target for the discovery of potent drugs for the treatment of type II diabetes and obesity. An attempt has been made in the present study to discuss the latest design and discovery of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP1B) inhibitors. Methods: Many PTP1B inhibitors such as diaminopyrroloquinazoline, triazines, pyrimido triazine derivatives, 2-(benzylamino)-1-phenylethanol, urea, acetamides and piperazinylpropanols, phenylsulphonamides and phenylcarboxamide, benzamido, arylcarboxylic acid derivatives, arylsupfonyl derivatives, thiazoles, isothiozolidiones and thiazolodinones have been discussed, citing the disease mechanisms. Results: The reader will gain an overview of the structure and biological activity of recently developed PTPs inhibitors. Conclusion: The co-crystallized ligands and the screened inhibitors could be used as a template for the further design of potent congeners.

scholarly journals Potential Utility of Sodium Selenate as an Adjunct to Metformin in Treating Type II Diabetes Mellitus in Rats: A Perspective on Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania M. Salama ◽  
Mona F. Schaalan ◽  
Alaaeldin A. Elkoussi ◽  
Amani E. Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Sodium Selenate ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Protein Tyrosine

Metformin is widely regarded as the standard first-line antidiabetic agent, in terms of efficacy and safety profiles. However, in most patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), it was found that metformin alone is not enough to adequately control hyperglycemia. Thus, we designed this study with the aim to investigate the effect of sodium selenate, a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) inhibitor, individually and as an adjunct to metformin, on a rat model that simulates the metabolic characteristics of human T2DM. T2DM model was achieved by feeding the rats with high-fat, high-fructose diet (HFFD) for 8 weeks followed by a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (35 mg/kg/day, i.p.). Changes in serum glucose, insulin, adiponectin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, and the lipid profile were assessed. In addition, the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) and the activity of PTP were determined in the liver. Results showed that the addition of sodium selenate to metformin was able to restore hepatic GSH back to normal levels. Also, this combination therapy corrected the altered serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and adiponectin levels. In conclusion, additive therapeutic effect was recorded when sodium selenate was used as an adjunct to metformin.

Enantiomeric 3-arylcoumarins and 2-arylcoumarones from the roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis as protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitors

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (56) ◽  
pp. 45258-45265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Ji ◽  
Xue Qiao ◽  
Zi-wei Li ◽  
Yong-rui Wang ◽  
Si-wang Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Configuration ◽  
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Uralensis ◽  
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B ◽  
Protein Tyrosine ◽  
Ptp1b Inhibitors ◽  
The Absolute

Four new PTP1B inhibitors were isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, and the absolute configuration of 2,3-dihydro-2,3,3-trimethylbenzofurans was first unambiguously established.

scholarly journals Regulation of Insulin Receptor Signaling by the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase TCPTP

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 2096-2108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Galic ◽  
Manuela Klingler-Hoffmann ◽  
Michelle T. Fodero-Tavoletti ◽  
Michelle A. Puryer ◽  
Tzu-Ching Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Cell Periphery ◽  
Β Subunit ◽  
Insulin Stimulation ◽  
Protein Tyrosine ◽  
Akt Activation ◽  
Insulin Receptor Signaling

ABSTRACT The human protein tyrosine phosphatase TCPTP exists as two forms: an endoplasmic reticulum-targeted 48-kDa form (TC48) and a nuclear 45-kDa form (TC45). Although targeted to the nucleus, TC45 can exit in response to specific stimuli to dephosphorylate cytoplasmic substrates. In this study, we investigated the downregulation of insulin receptor (IR) signaling by TCPTP. In response to insulin stimulation, the TC48-D182A and TC45-D182A “substrate-trapping” mutants formed stable complexes with the endogenous tyrosine-phosphorylated IR β-subunit in 293 cells. Moreover, in response to insulin stimulation, the TC45-D182A mutant accumulated in the cytoplasm of cells overexpressing the IR and in part colocalized with the IR β-subunit at the cell periphery. These results indicate that the IR may serve as a cellular substrate for both TC48 and TC45. In immortalized TCPTP−/− murine embryo fibroblasts, insulin-induced IR β-subunit tyrosine phosphorylation and protein kinase PKB/Akt activation were enhanced relative to the values in TCPTP+/+ cells. Importantly, the expression of TC45 or TC48 to physiological levels suppressed the enhanced insulin-induced signaling in TCPTP−/− cells. These results indicate that the differentially localized variants of TCPTP may dephosphorylate the IR and downregulate insulin-induced signaling in vivo.

scholarly journals Computational Insight into Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibition: A Case Study of the Combined Ligand- and Structure-Based Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Zhang ◽  
Hailun Jiang ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Maosheng Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Pharmacophore Model ◽  
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B ◽  
Binding Modes ◽  
Protein Tyrosine ◽  
R Region ◽  
Ptp1b Inhibitors ◽  
Autodock 4.0

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is an attractive target for treating cancer, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. In our work, the way of combined ligand- and structure-based approach was applied to analyze the characteristics of PTP1B enzyme and its interaction with competitive inhibitors. Firstly, the pharmacophore model of PTP1B inhibitors was built based on the common feature of sixteen compounds. It was found that the pharmacophore model consisted of five chemical features: one aromatic ring (R) region, two hydrophobic (H) groups, and two hydrogen bond acceptors (A). To further elucidate the binding modes of these inhibitors with PTP1B active sites, four docking programs (AutoDock 4.0, AutoDock Vina 1.0, standard precision (SP) Glide 9.7, and extra precision (XP) Glide 9.7) were used. The characteristics of the active sites were then described by the conformations of the docking results. In conclusion, a combination of various pharmacophore features and the integration information of structure activity relationship (SAR) can be used to design novel potent PTP1B inhibitors.

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