Cardiovascular Risk in Children with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Bobrus- Chociej ◽  
Natalia Wasilewska ◽  
Marta Flisiak- Jackiewicz ◽  
Dariusz Lebensztejn
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Multisystem Disorder ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a main cause of chronic liver disease in children. With the global obesity epidemic, the prevalence of NAFLD is increasing both in industrialized and developing countries. NAFLD is a multisystem disorder and a hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. Growing scientific evidence suggests that NAFLD is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This paper briefly describes the current knowledge concerning the association between NAFLD and cardiac dysfunction in children.

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Disease: Overlapping Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Møller ◽  
Nina Kimer ◽  
Thit Kronborg ◽  
Josephine Grandt ◽  
Jens Dahlgaard Hove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Near Future

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) denotes a condition with excess fat in the liver. The prevalence of NAFLD is increasing, averaging > 25% of the Western population. In 25% of the patients, NAFLD progresses to its more severe form: nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and >25% of these progress to cirrhosis following activation of inflammatory and fibrotic processes. NAFLD is associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome and represents a considerable and increasing health burden. In the near future, NAFLD cirrhosis is expected to be the most common cause for liver transplantation. NAFLD patients have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease as well as liver-related morbidity. In addition, hepatic steatosis itself appears to represent an independent cardiovascular risk factor. In the present review, we provide an overview of the overlapping mechanisms and prevalence of NAFLD and cardiovascular disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with hepatitis C is associated with features of the metabolic syndrome

2003 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 2064-2071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun J. Sanyal ◽  
Melissa J. Contos ◽  
Richard K. Sterling ◽  
Velimir A. Luketic ◽  
Mitchell L. Shiffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals Hepatic transcriptome signatures in patients with varying degrees of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease compared with healthy normal-weight individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 316 (4) ◽  
pp. G462-G472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malte P. Suppli ◽  
Kristoffer T. G. Rigbolt ◽  
Sanne S. Veidal ◽  
Sara Heebøll ◽  
Peter Lykke Eriksen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Hepatic Transcriptome

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a spectrum of conditions ranging from simple steatosis (NAFL), over nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with or without fibrosis, to cirrhosis with end-stage disease. The hepatic molecular events underlying the development of NAFLD and transition to NASH are poorly understood. The present study aimed to determine hepatic transcriptome dynamics in patients with NAFL or NASH compared with healthy normal-weight and obese individuals. RNA sequencing and quantitative histomorphometry of liver fat, inflammation and fibrosis were performed on liver biopsies obtained from healthy normal-weight ( n = 14) and obese ( n = 12) individuals, NAFL ( n = 15) and NASH ( n = 16) patients. Normal-weight and obese subjects showed normal liver histology and comparable gene expression profiles. Liver transcriptome signatures were largely overlapping in NAFL and NASH patients, however, clearly separated from healthy normal-weight and obese controls. Most marked pathway perturbations identified in both NAFL and NASH were associated with markers of lipid metabolism, immunomodulation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and cell cycle control. Interestingly, NASH patients with positive Sonic hedgehog hepatocyte staining showed distinct transcriptome and histomorphometric changes compared with NAFL. In conclusion, application of immunohistochemical markers of hepatocyte injury may serve as a more objective tool for distinguishing NASH from NAFL, facilitating improved resolution of hepatic molecular changes associated with progression of NAFLD. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in Western countries. NAFLD is associated with the metabolic syndrome and can progress to the more serious form, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and ultimately lead to irreversible liver damage. Using gold standard molecular and histological techniques, this study demonstrates that the currently used diagnostic tools are problematic for differentiating mild NAFLD from NASH and emphasizes the marked need for developing improved histological markers of NAFLD progression.

scholarly journals Insulin Resistance, the Metabolic Syndrome, and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2005 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 1578-1582 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Angelico ◽  
M. Del Ben ◽  
R. Conti ◽  
S. Francioso ◽  
K. Feole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Background/Aims: An association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with the insulin-resistant metabolic syndrome has been suggested. The aim of the study was to assess the association of fatty liver to different degrees of insulin resistance and secretion. Methods and Results: The study was performed in 308 alcohol- and virus-negative consecutive patients attending a metabolic clinic, who underwent a complete clinical and biochemical work-up including oral glucose tolerance test and routine liver ultrasonography. Steatosis was graded as absent/mild, moderate, and severe. In nondiabetic subjects, a progressive (P < 0.05) increase in mean homeostasis model of insulin resistance was recorded from the group without steatosis to the groups with mild/moderate and severe steatosis. Severe steatosis was associated with the clustering of the five clinical and biochemical features proposed for the clinical diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome. Subjects with the metabolic syndrome with a more pronounced insulin resistance had a higher prevalence of severe steatosis (P < 0.01) compared with those with homeostasis model of insulin resistance below the median. Conclusions: The findings stress the heterogeneous presentation of patients with the metabolic syndrome when the diagnosis is based on the broad Adult Treatment Panel III clinical criteria and demonstrate that those who are more insulin resistant have a higher prevalence of severe steatosis.

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease as a Contributor to Hypercoagulation and Thrombophilia in the Metabolic Syndrome

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (03) ◽  
pp. 277-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Targher ◽  
Michel Chonchol ◽  
Luca Miele ◽  
Giacomo Zoppini ◽  
Isabella Pichiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a negative risk factor for prostate cancer recurrence

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Mook Choi ◽  
Jeong-Hoon Lee ◽  
Jung-Hwan Yoon ◽  
Cheol Kwak ◽  
Young Ju Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Validation Set

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely related to the metabolic syndrome, which is associated with an increased risk of various malignancies. In this study, we investigated the association between NAFLD and prostate cancer biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy. Consecutive prostate cancer patients who underwent radical prostatectomy were enrolled from two hospitals in Korea and randomly assigned to the training (n=147) or validation set (n=146). The presence of NAFLD, BMI, preoperative prostate-specific antigen, and histological findings including Gleason score (GSc) were analyzed in regard to their association with BCR. NAFLD was diagnosed based on ultrasonography or unenhanced computed tomography images. BCR-free survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method. In the training set, 32 (21.8%) patients developed BCR during a median follow-up period of 51 (inter-quartile range, 35–65) months. In the multivariate analysis, the presence of NAFLD (hazard ratio (HR), 0.36; 95% CI, 0.14–0.97;P=0.04) was an independent negative predictive factor of BCR after adjustment for pathological GSc. Applied to the validation set, the presence of NAFLD maintained its prognostic value for longer time-to-BCR (HR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.06–0.49;P=0.001). In the subgroup analysis of patients with NAFLD, NAFLD fibrosis score was a single independent negative predictor for BCR (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.30–0.98;P=0.04). Our study demonstrated that NAFLD may play a protective role against BCR after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. Further study is warranted to elucidate the mechanism of protective effect in patients with NAFLD.

scholarly journals Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Diseases: The Heart of the Matter

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Stefan Chiriac ◽  
Carol Stanciu ◽  
Irina Girleanu ◽  
Camelia Cojocariu ◽  
Catalin Sfarti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanisms ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most frequent cause of liver disease worldwide, comprising a plethora of conditions, ranging from steatosis to end-stage liver disease. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been associated with NAFLD and CVD-related events represent the main cause of death in patients with NAFLD, surpassing liver-related mortality. This association is not surprising as NAFLD has been considered a part of the metabolic syndrome and has been related to numerous CVD risk factors, namely, insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, chronic kidney disease, and type 2 diabetes. Moreover, both NAFLD and CVD present similar pathophysiological mechanisms, such as increased visceral adiposity, altered lipid metabolism, increased oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation that could explain their association. Whether NAFLD increases the risk for CVD or these diagnostic entities represent distinct manifestations of the metabolic syndrome has not yet been clarified. This review focuses on the relation between NAFLD and the spectrum of CVD, considering the pathophysiological mechanisms, risk factors, current evidence, and future directions.

scholarly journals Chronic Kidney Disease and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease—Is There a Link?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Orlić ◽  
I. Mikolasevic ◽  
Z. Bagic ◽  
S. Racki ◽  
D. Stimac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk

Research in recent years has led to the recognition of the importance of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its relationship to the metabolic syndrome (MS). This has led to a growing interest in the potential prognostic value of NAFLD for adverse cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcome. On the other hand, searching for new risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) development and progression is very important. Growing evidence suggests that the MS is an important factor in the pathogenesis of CKD. The best confirmation of this pathogenic link is hypertensive and diabetic nephropathy as the main causes of CKD. Furthermore, the possible link between NAFLD and CKD has also attracted research interest and recent data suggest an association between these two conditions. These findings have fuelled concerns that NAFLD may be a new and added risk factor for the development and progression of CKD. NAFLD and CKD share some important cardiometabolic risk factors and possible common pathophysiological mechanisms, and both are linked to an increased risk of incident CVD events. Therefore, common factors underlying the pathogenesis of NAFLD and CKD may be insulin resistance, oxidative stress, activation of rennin-angiotensin system, and inappropriate secretion of inflammatory cytokines by steatotic and inflamed liver.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document