Generation and Analysis of Interaction Energy Maps of p-Substituted Benzoic Acid N'-(5-Nitrothiophen-2-yl)Methylenehydrazides Active Against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Nursing homes (NH) contribute to the regional spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Moreover, residents are vulnerable to the colonization and subsequent infection of MRSA etiology. We aimed at investigating the molecular and phenotypic characteristics of 21 MRSA collected from the residents and personnel in an NH (Lublin, Poland) during 2018. All MRSA were screened for 20 genes encoding virulence determinants (sea-see, eta, etb, tst, lukS-F-PV, eno, cna, ebpS, fib, bbp, fnbA, fnbB, icaADBC) and for resistance to 18 antimicrobials. To establish the relatedness and clonal complexes of MRSA in NH we applied multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat fingerprinting (MLVF), pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing. We identified four sequence types (ST) among two clonal complexes (CC): ST (CC22) known as EMRSA-15 as well as three novel STs—ST6295 (CC8), ST6293 (CC8) and ST6294. All tested MRSA were negative for sec, eta, etb, lukS-F-PV, bbp and ebpS genes. The most prevalent gene encoding toxin was sed (52.4%; n = 11/21), and adhesins were eno and fnbA (100%). Only 9.5% (n = 2/21) of MRSA were classified as multidrug-resistant. The emergence of novel MRSA with a unique virulence and the presence of epidemic clone EMRSA-15 creates challenges for controlling the spread of MRSA in NH.

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Spectral and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Pathogens Isolated from Saudi Patients with Diabetic Foot Infections

Microbiology Research ◽

10.3390/microbiolres12010002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 16-20

Author(s):

Samiah Hamad S Al-Mijalli

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Diabetic Foot ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Empirical Therapy ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Foot Ulcers ◽

Sensitivity Testing ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Diabetic Foot Infections ◽

Microbiological Methods

Diabetic foot infections (DFIs) are a significant health issue and a common complication among patients with diabetes. To develop antibiotic therapy for these high-risk patients, the current study evaluates the scope of DFIs and identifies the causing microbes. It also measures spectrum and antibiotic susceptibility of the pathogens isolated from adults with DFIs in Saudi Arabia. To achieve the study objectives, a cross-sectional study was implemented and the baseline characteristics for 44 patients with DFIs were defined. Optimal aerobic and anaerobic microbiological techniques were utilized to culture specimens isolated from infected foot ulcers. The standard microbiological methods were employed to identify the bacterial isolates and antibiotic susceptibility testing was conducted following the procedures of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Results showed that 12 microorganisms were isolated from the participants’ diabetic foot ulcers. Staphylococcus Aureus was ranked first because it appeared in 29 (65.9%) cases. Streptococcus Agalactiae was ranked second and multi-microbial infections were also found. Most of the organisms were susceptible to Vancomycin, Ciprofloxacin, and Cefalexin, but they were resistant to Methicillin, Gentamicin, and Ampicillin antibiotics. Staphylococcus Aureus was most sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, while it was resistant to Methicillin. About 10% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant. The study concludes that while Vancomycin should be used empirically for Gram-positive isolates, Ciprofloxacin can be taken into consideration for most of the Gram-negatives aerobes. Based on including various microorganisms and the advent of multidrug-resistant strains, proper culture and sensitivity testing are necessary prior to the empirical therapy.

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Successful Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus Prosthetic Joint Infection with Bacteriophage Therapy

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13061182 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 1182

Author(s):

Claudia Ramirez-Sanchez ◽

Francis Gonzales ◽

Maureen Buckley ◽

Biswajit Biswas ◽

Matthew Henry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Prosthetic Joint Infection ◽

Joint Infection ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Successful Outcome ◽

Prolonged Treatment ◽

Lytic Phage ◽

Bacteriophage Therapy ◽

Prosthetic Joint ◽

Knee Joint Infection

Successful joint replacement is a life-enhancing procedure with significant growth in the past decade. Prosthetic joint infection occurs rarely; it is a biofilm-based infection that is poorly responsive to antibiotic alone. Recent interest in bacteriophage therapy has made it possible to treat some biofilm-based infections, as well as those caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens, successfully when conventional antibiotic therapy has failed. Here, we describe the case of a 61-year-old woman who was successfully treated after a second cycle of bacteriophage therapy administered at the time of a two-stage exchange procedure for a persistent methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) prosthetic knee-joint infection. We highlight the safety and efficacy of both intravenous and intra-articular infusions of bacteriophage therapy, a successful outcome with a single lytic phage, and the development of serum neutralization with prolonged treatment.

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