An “Enigmatic” L-Carnosine (&#946;-Alanyl-L-Histidine)? Cell Proliferative Activity as a Fundamental Property of a Natural Dipeptide Inherent to Traditional Antioxidant, Anti-Aging Biological Activities: Balancing and a Hormonally Correct Agent, Novel Patented Oral Therapy Dosage Formulation for Mobility, Skeletal Muscle Power and Functional Performance, Hypothalamic-Pituitary- Brain Relationship in Health, Aging and Stress Studies

Canine splenic lymphoid nodules are currently classified as indolent lymphomas (marginal zone lymphoma [MZL], mantle cell lymphoma [MCL]) or nodular hyperplasia (lymphoid [LNH] or complex [CNH] type). Their differentiation can be difficult on morphology, because of similar histologic appearance and poorly defined diagnostic criteria. Thirty-five surgical samples of splenic lymphoid nodules were reviewed in order to assess the diagnostic contribution of immunophenotyping, proliferative activity and clonality (PARR) in differentiating between hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions. Proliferative activity was evaluated by double immunolabeling for Ki-67 and CD79a, in order to separately assess the proliferative activity of B cells and non-B cells. Definitive diagnoses were MZL ( n = 11), MCL ( n = 4), LNH ( n = 10), and CNH ( n = 10). The overall concordance between histology and PARR was above 90%. Lymphomas had a significantly higher percentage of CD79a-positive areas (mean, 36.30%; P = .0004) and a higher B-cell proliferative activity (median Ki-67 index, 5.49%; P = .0012). The threshold value most accurately predicting a diagnosis of lymphoma was ≥28% of B-cell areas, with a Ki-67 index above 3%. Dogs were monitored for a median follow-up time of 870 days (IQR, 569-1225), and no relapses were documented. Overall median survival time was 1282 days. The combination of histology, immunohistochemistry and PARR can improve the diagnostic accuracy for canine splenic lymphoid nodules, although the long-term behavior of these lesions appears similar.

Download Full-text

BrdU Pulse LabellingIn Vivoto Characterise Cell Proliferation during Regeneration and Repair following Injury to the Airway Wall in Sheep

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2013/871932 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

B. Yahaya ◽

G. McLachlan ◽

D. D. S. Collie

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Proliferative Activity ◽

Histological Analysis ◽

S Phase ◽

Pulse Labelling ◽

Airway Wall ◽

Brush Biopsy ◽

Cell Proliferative Activity ◽

Airway Tree

The response of S-phase cells labelled with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) in sheep airways undergoing repair in response to endobronchial brush biopsy was investigated in this study. Separate sites within the airway tree of anaesthetised sheep were biopsied at intervals prior to pulse labelling with BrdU, which was administered one hour prior to euthanasia. Both brushed and spatially disparate unbrushed (control) sites were carefully mapped, dissected, and processed to facilitate histological analysis of BrdU labelling. Our study indicated that the number and location of BrdU-labelled cells varied according to the age of the repairing injury. There was little evidence of cell proliferation in either control airway tissues or airway tissues examined six hours after injury. However, by days 1 and 3, BrdU-labelled cells were increased in number in the airway wall, both at the damaged site and in the regions flanking either side of the injury. Thereafter, cell proliferative activity largely declined by day 7 after injury, when consistent evidence of remodelling in the airway wall could be appreciated. This study successfully demonstrated the effectiveness ofin vivopulse labelling in tracking cell proliferation during repair which has a potential value in exploring the therapeutic utility of stem cell approaches in relevant lung disease models.

Download Full-text

Immediate Efficacy of Neuromuscular Exercise in Patients with Severe Osteoarthritis of the Hip or Knee: A Secondary Analysis from a Randomized Controlled Trial

The Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.3899/jrheum.130642 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 41 (7) ◽

pp. 1385-1394 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Allan Villadsen ◽

Søren Overgaard ◽

Anders Holsgaard-Larsen ◽

Robin Christensen ◽

Ewa M. Roos

Keyword(s):

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Effect Size ◽

Daily Living ◽

Exercise Intervention ◽

Muscle Power ◽

Functional Performance ◽

Knee Oa ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Link Type ◽

Outcome Score

Objective.Knowledge about the effects of exercise in severe and endstage osteoarthritis (OA) is limited. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of a neuromuscular exercise program in patients with clinically severe hip or knee OA.Methods.This was a randomized controlled assessor-blinded trial. Patients received an educational package (care-as-usual) only, or care-as-usual plus an 8-week neuromuscular exercise intervention (NEMEX-TJR). NEMEX-TJR was supervised by a physiotherapist, twice weekly for 1 h. The primary outcome was Activities of Daily Living (ADL) subscale from the Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire. The secondary outcomes were the HOOS/KOOS subscales Pain, Symptoms, Sport and Recreation, and Joint-related Quality of Life. Exploratory outcomes were functional performance measures and lower limb muscle power.Results.Included were 165 patients, 56% female, average age 67 years (SD ± 8), and a body mass index of 30 (SD ± 5), who were scheduled for primary hip or knee replacement. The postintervention difference between mean changes in ADL was 7.2 points (95% CI 3.5 to 10.9, p = 0.0002) in favor of NEMEX-TJR compared with control. Second, there were statistically significant differences between groups in favor of NEMEX-TJR on all self-reported outcomes and most functional performance tests (walk, chair stands, and 1-leg knee bends). Stratified analyses according to joint revealed moderate effect size for ADL for hip patients (0.63, 95% CI 0.26 to 1.00). Corresponding effect size for knee patients was small (0.23 95% CI −0.14 to 0.60).Conclusion.Feasibility of neuromuscular exercise was confirmed in patients about to have total joint replacement. Self-reported activities of daily living and objective performance were improved and pain reduced immediately following 8 weeks of neuromuscular exercise. While the effects were moderate in hip OA, they were only small in knee OA.ClinicalTrials.govIdentifier:NCT01003756.

Download Full-text

Cho/Cr ratio at MR spectroscopy as a biomarker for cellular proliferation activity and prognosis in glioma: correlation with the expression of minichromosome maintenance protein 2

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1177/0284185118770899 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 106-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Wenjing Gao ◽

Xiao Wang ◽

Fuyan Li ◽

Wenqi Shi ◽

Hongxia Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mr Spectroscopy ◽

Proliferative Activity ◽

Cellular Proliferation ◽

Prognostic Markers ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Minichromosome Maintenance ◽

Proliferation Activity ◽

Minichromosome Maintenance Protein ◽

Cell Proliferative Activity

Background Magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy (1H-MRS) has been demonstrated to be useful in grading glioma, but the utility in assessing cellular proliferation activity and prognosis correlated with the expression of minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (MCM2) has not been reported. Purpose To explore the correlation between proton MR spectroscopy parameters (including choline [Cho]/creatine [Cr], N-acetyl aspartate [NAA]/Cr, and Cho/NAA ratios) and the expression of MCM2 and to further evaluate whether 1H-MRS can predict cell proliferative activity and provide prognostic information in high-grade gliomas (HGGs). Material and Methods Forty-three patients with histopathologically confirmed gliomas were involved in this study. All patients underwent 1H-MRS examination before surgery. Proliferative activity of gliomas was evaluated by MCM2 labeling index (LI). Pearson correlation analysis and empiric receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed. The Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression were used for survival analysis. Results Significant correlation was observed between the Cho/Cr ratio and MCM2 LI ( r = 0.522, P < 0.01); however, there was no correlation between MCM2 LI and the Cho/NAA or NAA/Cr ratios ( r = 0.295, P = 0.55 and r = −0.042, P = 0.788, respectively). According to ROC analysis, MCM2 LI of 50% and Cho/Cr ratio of 2.68 represented the optimized cut-off values, respectively, to distinguish longer or shorter survival than 15 months in HGGs patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that both the Cho/Cr ratio and MCM2 expression were independent prognostic markers. Conclusion Cho/Cr ratio has a potential in predicting the expression of MCM2 and can evaluate cell proliferative activity noninvasively. Both the Cho/Cr ratio and MCM2 expression are independent prognostic markers in patients with HGGs.

Download Full-text