scholarly journals Usefulness of Hard Palate Measurements in Predicting Airway Dimensions in Patients Referred for Cone Beam CT

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 505-511
Author(s):  
Mustafa Alkhader ◽  
Mohammad S. Alrashdan ◽  
Nour Abdo ◽  
Rashed Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Hard Palate ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson Coefficient ◽  
Airway Dimensions

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of hard palate measurements in predicting airway dimensions in patients referred for cone-beam CT (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Six hundred forty-three patients (239 males and 404 females) were examined by CBCT. Using dedicated CBCT software (Kodak CS 3D imaging version 3.8.6, Carestream, Rochester, NY, USA); different hard palate (palatal interalveolar length, palatal arch depth, maxillo-palatal arch angle, and alveolar width) and airway measurements (airway volume, minimum cross-sectional area, minimum anteroposterior distance, minimum right to left distance and airway length) were obtained and correlated using Pearson’s correlation coefficients and regression analysis. Results: Although the correlation between hard palate and airway measurements was weak (Pearson coefficient (r) < 0.40), there were significant (P < 0.05) additive effects for hard palate measurements in predicting airway dimensions. Maxillo-palatal arch angle was the only hard palate measurement that had no effect in predicting airway dimensions. Conclusion: Hard palate measurements are considered useful in predicting airway dimensions in patients referred for CBCT.

scholarly journals The influence of craniofacial morphology on the upper airway dimensions

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 874-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iveta Indriksone ◽  
Gundega Jakobsone
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Oropharyngeal Airway ◽  
Semiautomatic Segmentation ◽  
Airway Dimensions

ABSTRACT Objective:  To evaluate the influence of craniofacial morphology on the upper airway dimensions in healthy adult subjects. Materials and Methods:  The records of 276 healthy 17- to 27-year-old patients were extracted from the cone-beam computed tomography image database of the Institute of Stomatology, Riga Stradins University. Dolphin 11.7 software was used to evaluate craniofacial anatomy and semiautomatic segmentation of the upper airway. Measurements of oropharyngeal airway volume (OPV), minimal cross-sectional area (CSAmin), and nasopharyngeal airway volume (NPV) were obtained. The presence of adenoid tissues was recorded. Associations between variables were analyzed by Spearman's correlation coefficients, and multivariate linear regression analysis was used to identify factors that had a possible influence on upper airway dimensions. Results:  The following factors were identified as influencing the variability of NPV (23%): SNA angle, gender, and presence of adenoids. Statistically significant, although weak, correlations were found between SNB angle and OPV (r  =  0.144, P &lt; .05) and CSAmin (r  =  0.182, P &lt; .01). Conclusion:  The results suggest that craniofacial morphology alone does not have a significant influence on upper airway dimensions.

scholarly journals Taurodontism and Van der Woude Syndrome

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 832-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Nawa ◽  
Snehlata Oberoi ◽  
Karin Vargervik
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Panoramic Radiograph ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Van Der Woude Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mandibular First Molar

Abstract Objective: To report the occurrence of taurodontism in a clinical sample of Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) and describe its association with hypodontia and cleft type. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out on chart reviews and radiographs of 13 persons with VWS. Mean age was 10 years 11 months ± 1 year 5 months. Panoramic radiographs were used to confirm the presence or absence of teeth and to measure crown body and root lengths of mandibular first molars. Three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography (CT) scans were available on two persons with VWS. Both volumetric and linear measurements were obtained. Results: The occurrence of taurodontism of the mandibular first molar was 35%: 27% hypodont and 8% mesodont. Of the 13 subjects with VWS, 6 (4 males and 2 females) had at least one tooth identified with taurodontism. Half of the cases were unilateral and half were bilateral, and all of the unilateral cases were on the left side. Five of the six subjects with taurodontism had missing incisors and premolars. Taurodontism was two times more frequent in those who were missing their second premolars than in those who had their second premolars. There was no correlation between cleft type and presence of taurodontism. The cone beam CT pilot study on two persons showed very abnormal morphology of both crown and roots, which was not apparent on the standard panoramic radiograph. Both the volumetric and linear measurements of the ratio of crown body to root were highly indicative of taurodontism. Further genetic studies are needed. Conclusion: There is a likely association between VWS and taurodontism.

CORRELATION BETWEEN BODY HABITUS AND CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA OF RIBS

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 773-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Takahashi ◽  
Harold M. Frost
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Site ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Habitus ◽  
Normal People ◽  
Total Cross Sectional Area ◽  
The Relationship

A correlation study was performed of the relationship between the total cross-sectional area of the fifth, sixth, or seventh rib in its middle third, and the height, weight, and sex of its owner. The study involved 115 metabolically normal people and yielded high correlation coefficients between the calculated and observed total rib cross-sectional areas of 60 males and 55 females. It is suggested that the total cross-sectional area at a standard bone sampling site be used as a basis for normalizing measures of the severity of osteoporosis. This would allow one to make improved comparisons of the severity of osteoporosis between persons of different body habitus and sex.

Using cone-beam CT as a low-dose 3D imaging technique for the extremities: initial experience in 50 subjects

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 797-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambrose J. Huang ◽  
Connie Y. Chang ◽  
Bijoy J. Thomas ◽  
Peter J. MacMahon ◽  
William E. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Initial Experience

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of mandibular canal visibility on cross-sectional cone-beam CT images: a retrospective study

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 20150296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahogany S Miles ◽  
Edwin T Parks ◽  
George J Eckert ◽  
Steven B Blanchard
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract 13796: Quantitative Measurement of Cross sectional Area of Small Pulmonary Vessels Using High-resolution Ct in Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiko Sugiura ◽  
Nobuhiro Tanabe ◽  
Naoko Kawata ◽  
Yukiko Matsuura ◽  
Hajime Kasai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pulmonary Vessels ◽  
Lung Area ◽  
Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension

Background: It is generally recognized that there is narrowing and diminution of the small vessels on pulmonary angiography in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Previous studies have shown that these vascular alterations could be assessed by the cross-sectional area of small pulmonary vessels (CSA) on high-resolution CT (HRCT) in patients with COPD. However, it is unknown whether there is a correlation between CSA and hemodynamics in patients with CTEPH. Aims: We retrospectively evaluated the relationship between the CSA on HRCT and hemodynamics measured by right heart catheterization (RHC). Materials and Methods: 61 patients (61±12 yrs, 13 male) with proven CTEPH underwent non-enhanced 64-slice HRCT (Aquilion ONE, Toshiba) and RHC. The HRCT images with 0.5 mm section thickness and 10 mm spacing were selected from all of the CT images in each patient. Using a semiautomatic image-processing program (Image J), CSA less than 5mm2 and 5-10mm2 , and total lung area were measured, and the percentage of the total CSA less than 5mm2 and 5-10mm2 for the lung area (%CSA<5 and %CSA5-10, respectively) were calculated. The correlations of %CSA with hemodynamics measured by RHC were evaluated. Results: Mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) from RHC were 41±9 mmHg and 8.3±3.0 Wood Units, respectively. %CSA<5 and %CSA5-10 were 1.095±0.166% and 0.447±0.093 %, respectively. The correlation coefficients of %CSA<5 with mPAP and PVR were -0.45 (P<0.001) and -0.64 (P<0.001), respectively. The correlation coefficients of %CSA5-10 with mPAP and PVR were -0.20 (P=0.1) and -0.38 (P=0.002), respectively. Conclusions: This study suggests that %CSA<5 measured on HRCT is inversely correlated with PVR and can be used to evaluate hemodynamics in CTEPH subjects.

Defining reference values for the normal tibiofibular syndesmosis in adults using weight-bearing CT

2019 ◽  
Vol 101-B (3) ◽  
pp. 348-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Patel ◽  
K. Malhotra ◽  
N. P. Cullen ◽  
D. Singh ◽  
A. J. Goldberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Syndesmotic Injury ◽  
Tibiofibular Syndesmosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Anteroposterior Translation ◽  
The Mean

Aims Cone beam CT allows cross-sectional imaging of the tibiofibular syndesmosis while the patient bears weight. This may facilitate more accurate and reliable investigation of injuries to, and reconstruction of, the syndesmosis but normal ranges of measurements are required first. The purpose of this study was to establish: 1) the normal reference measurements of the syndesmosis; 2) if side-to-side variations exist in syndesmotic anatomy; 3) if age affects syndesmotic anatomy; and 4) if the syndesmotic anatomy differs between male and female patients in weight-bearing cone beam CT views. Patients and Methods A retrospective analysis was undertaken of 50 male and 50 female patients (200 feet) aged 18 years or more, who underwent bilateral, simultaneous imaging of their lower legs while standing in an upright, weight-bearing position in a pedCAT machine between June 2013 and July 2017. At the time of imaging, the mean age of male patients was 47.1 years (18 to 72) and the mean age of female patients was 57.8 years (18 to 83). We employed a previously described technique to obtain six lengths and one angle, as well as calculating three further measurements, to provide information on the relationship between the fibula and tibia with respect to translation and rotation. Results The upper limit of lateral translation in un-injured patients was 5.27 mm, so values higher than this may be indicative of syndesmotic injury. Anteroposterior translation lay within the ranges 0.31 mm to 2.59 mm, and -1.48 mm to 3.44 mm, respectively. There was no difference between right and left legs. Increasing age was associated with a reduction in lateral translation. The fibulae of men were significantly more laterally translated but data were inconsistent for rotation and anteroposterior translation. Conclusion We have established normal ranges for measurements in cross-sectional syndesmotic anatomy during weight-bearing and also established that no differences exist between right and left legs in patients without syndesmotic injury. Age and gender do, however, affect the anatomy of the syndesmosis, which should be taken into account at time of assessment. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:348–352.

The Effect of Nasal Decongestion on Nasal Patency and Nasalance Scores in Subjects with Normal Speech

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 620-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Watterson ◽  
Kerry E. Lewis ◽  
Jennifer C. Ludlow ◽  
Paul C. Ludlow
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Nasal Patency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nasal Decongestant ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Separation Plate ◽  
Normal Speech

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of pharmacological decongestion on nasalance scores. Participants: The participants were 20 adults with normal speech and resonance. Methods: Nasal patency was first determined by measuring the mean minimal cross-sectional area of the nasal passages by acoustic rhinometry. Each participant then read two passages as two predecongestion nasalance scores were obtained. A nasal decongestant was then administered to each nostril without removing the separation plate. Ten minutes later, nasalance scores were repeated. Finally, the separation plate was removed and the mean minimal cross-sectional area was obtained again. Main Outcome Measures: The outcome measures were the pre- and postdecongestion measurements of nasal patency and nasalance scores. Results: Minimal cross-sectional area increased significantly from 0.53 cm2 before decongestion to 0.66 cm2 after decongestion. For the Turtle Passage, the group mean nasalance for the two predecongestion measures (10.70% versus 11.55%) were significantly different and the pre- versus postdecongestion measures (10.70% versus 12.15%) were also significantly different. For the Mouse Passage, the group mean nasalance scores for the two predecongestion measures (32.10% versus 32.00%) were not significantly different but the pre- versus postdecongestion means (32.10 versus 34.40) were significantly different. Correlation coefficients showed a negligible relationship between measures of nasal patency and nasalance scores for both stimulus passages. Conclusions: Nasalance score variability was small and not meaningful for standard clinical purposes. The correlation between nasalance scores and nasal patency was weak.

scholarly journals Risk factors for small pharyngeal airway dimensions in preorthodontic children: A three-dimensional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seerone Anandarajah ◽  
Raahib Dudhia ◽  
Andrew Sandham ◽  
Liselotte Sonnesen
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pharyngeal Airway ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relevant Factors ◽  
Airway Dimensions

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze which parameters, gathered from standard orthodontic diagnostic material, were most relevant for identifying small pharyngeal airway dimensions in preorthodontic children. Materials and Methods: The sample was composed of 105 cone beam computed tomography scans of healthy preorthodontic children (44 boys, 61 girls; mean age, 10.7 ± 2.4 years). Airway volume and minimal cross-sectional area were three-dimensionally assessed. Cephalometric features and skeletal maturity were assessed on generated two-dimensional cephalograms. Associations were analyzed and adjusted for age, gender, and skeletal maturity by multiple regression analyses. Results: Airway volume and minimal cross-sectional area were significantly smaller in prepubertal children (P &lt; .001, P &lt; .05, respectively) and positively associated with age (P &lt; .001, P &lt; .01, respectively). After adjustment of age, skeletal maturity and gender significant associations were found between pharyngeal airway dimensions and craniofacial morphology. Airway volume was positively associated with maxillary and mandibular width (P &lt; .01; P &lt; .001, respectively) and anterior face height (P &lt; .05; P &lt; .05, respectively). Minimal cross-sectional area was positively associated with maxillary and mandibular width (P &lt; .01; P &lt; .001, respectively) and negatively associated with sagittal jaw relationship (AnPg, P &lt; .05). Mandibular width and age were the most relevant factors for airway volume (r2 = 0.36). Mandibular width and sagittal jaw relationship were the most relevant factors for minimal cross-sectional area (r2 = 0.16). Conclusion: Pharyngeal airway dimensions were significantly associated with age, skeletal maturity, and craniofacial morphology in all three planes. Children with a reduced mandibular width and increased sagittal jaw relationship are particularly at risk of having small pharyngeal airway dimensions.

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