scholarly journals Field Evaluation of Calypte’s AWARETM Blood Serum Plasma (BSP) and Oral Mucosal Transudate (OMT) Rapid Tests for Detecting Antibodies to HIV-1 and 2 in Plasma and Oral Fluid

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A Alemnji ◽  
Gisele A Ngulefac ◽  
Peter M Ndumbe ◽  
Tazoacha Asonganyi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Mean Cost ◽  
Hiv 1

As programs to prevent and care for HIV-infected persons are scaled-up in Africa, there is the need for continuous evaluation of the performance of test kits that could best support these programs. The present study evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, ease of use, and cost of AWARE TM Blood Serum Plasma (BSP) and Oral Mucosal Transudate (OMT) Rapid HIV-1/2 test kits using real-time and archived samples of HIV-infected persons from Cameroon. Matched whole blood and OMT specimens were collected prospectively from HIV-positive and HIV-negative persons from different regions of Cameroon and tested using the AWARE TM BSP and OMT test kits, respectively. These results were compared to the gold standard that included a combination of Determine HIV-1/2 and Enzygnost HIV-1/2. The BSP Rapid test kit was further evaluated using well characterized panels of HIV-2 and HIV-1 group O samples. Cost and end-user analysis of the OMT test kit was done by comparing its actual cost, consumables, safety, bench time and manipulation with other test kits. Of the 732 matched samples, 412 (56.3%) and 320 (43.7%) were from females and males, respectively. Of these samples, 23 (3.1%) gave discordant results between Determine HIV-1/2 and Enzygnost HIV1/2 and were excluded from the analysis. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of the AWARETM BSP were 100%. The AWARETM OMT had 98.8% sensitivity, 98.9% specificity, 98.0% PPV and 99.4% NPV. The results of a well-characterized archived panel of HIV-2 (n=7) and HIV-1 group O (n=3) samples using the AWARETM BSP Rapid test kit gave 100% concordance. Total per patient cost of the AWARE OMT rapid test kit was US$4.72 compared to a mean cost of US $7.33 + 0.11 for the other test kits. Both the AWARETM BSP and OMT Rapid test kits demonstrated high sensitivities and specificities on all samples tested and were well adapted for use in resource-constrained settings with high HIV heterogeneity such as Cameroon. The AWARE TM HIV-1/2 OMT Rapid test kit appears to be the cheapest, safest and easiest to use compared with other available test kits.

scholarly journals Validation of rapid antibody (IgG-IgM) test kit for SARS COV-2 infection in Qatar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesha Mundodan ◽  
Samina Hasnain ◽  
Hayat Khogali ◽  
Soha Shawqi Al Bayat ◽  
Dina Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Rapid Antibody

Background: In response to the growing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the shortage of laboratory based molecular testing capacity and reagents, multiple diagnostic test manufacturers have developed rapid and easy to use devices to facilitate testing outside laboratory settings. These kits are either based on detection of proteins from SARS-CoV-2 virus or detection of antigen or human antibodies generated in response to the infection. However, it is important to understand their performance characteristics and they must be validated in the local population setting.Design and Methods: The objective is to assess the validity of the rapid test for IgG and IgM immunoglobulins compared to the current gold standard reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. A total of 16951 asymptomatic individuals were tested by the Ministry of Public Health track-and-trace team using both rapid immunodiagnostic test and RT-PCR as part of screening across various random settings with potential risk of community interaction prior to gradual lifting of restrictions in Qatar.  Rapid test was considered to be posiive if both IgG and IgM are positive, while only IgG/IgM positive was considered as rapid test negative. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated.Results: The sensitivity of rapid test kit was found to be 0.9%, whereas the specificity was found to be 97.8%. the PPV was found to be 0.3% whereas the NPV was found to be 99.4%.Conclusion: Based on the outcome and results of the study, it appears that the sensitivity and PPV of the rapid antibody test are low. As such, this test is not recommended for use to assist in taking clinic-based decisions or decisions related to quarantine/isolation.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Indexes of a Rapid IgG/IgM Combined Antibody Test for SARS-CoV-2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Ying ◽  
Liu Yue-ping ◽  
Diao Bo ◽  
Ren Feifei ◽  
Wang Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Combined Test ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

[Abstract]ObjectiveCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become pandemic in the world. The need for IgG-IgM combined antibody test is booming, but data on diagnostic indexes evaluation was inadequate. The aim of this study was to evaluate diagnostic indexes of a rapid IgG-IgM combined antibody test for SARS-CoV-2.MethodsA total of 179 patients were enrolled. Serum were collected for IgG-IgM combined antibody test and corresponding nasal and pharyngeal swab specimens were collected for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR. According to SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR results, patients under study were categorized as PCR positive group in 90 patients and PCR negative group in 89 patients.Results1. Of the 90 PCR positive samples, 77 were tested positive by SARS-CoV-2 IgG-IgM test kit, yielding a sensitivity of 85.6%. Meanwhile, of the 89 PCR negative sample, 8 samples were detected positive, resulting in a specificity of 91%. Positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of this test kit was 95.1%, 82.7%, and 88.3%, respectively. Kappa efficiency between IgG/IgM test kit and RT-PCR were 0.75. 2. Accuracy in mild/common and severe/critical subgroup were 73.9% and 97.7%, respectively. Accuracy in clinical confirmed, suspected cases and other disease subgroups were 70%, 60%, and 100%, respectively. 3. Patients were further divided into ‘0 - 7’, ‘8 - 15’ and ‘>= 16’ groups according to the time from illness onset to sample collection. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in these three groups were 18.8%, 77.8% and 40%; 100%, 50% and 87.5%; 100%, 64.3%, and 93.9, respectively.ConclusionThe sensitivity and specificity of this ease-of-use IgG/IgM combined test kit were adequate, plus short turnaround time, no specific requirements for additional equipment or skilled technicians, all of these collectively contributed to its competence for mass testing. At the current stage, it cannot take the place of SARA-CoV-2 nucleic acid RT-PCR, but can be served as a complementary option for RT-PCR. The combination of RT-PCR and IgG-IgM combined test kit could provide further insight into SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosis.

Evaluation of a Rapid Immunochromatographic test kit to the Gold Standard Fluorescent Antibody test for diagnosis of rabies in animals in Bhutan 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tenzin Tenzin ◽  
Kelzang Lhamo ◽  
Purna B Rai ◽  
Dawa Tshering ◽  
Pema Jamtsho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Percent Agreement ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Resource Poor

Abstract Background: Rabies kills approximately 59,000 people in the world each year worldwide. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of rabies is important for instituting rapid containment measures and for advising the exposed people for postexposure treatment. The application of a rapid diagnostic tests in the field can greatly enhance disease surveillance and diagnostic activities, especially in resource poor settings. In this study, a total of 179 brain tissue samples collected from different rabies suspect animal species (113 dogs, 50 cattle, 10 cats, 3 goats, 2 horses, and 1 bear) were selected and tested using both rapid immunochromatographic kit and the reference standard fluorescent antibody test (FAT). We evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of a rapid antigen detection test kit produced by BioNote, Inc. (Hwaseong-si, Korea) relative to a FAT for its fit-for-purpose for confirmation of clinical cases of rabies for early response and enhancing rabies surveillance. Results: Among 179 samples examined in this study, there was a concordance in results by the rapid test and FAT in 115 positive samples and 54 negative samples. Test results were discordant in 10 samples which were positive by FAT, but negative (false negative) by rapid kit. The rapid test kit showed a sensitivity of 92% (95% CI: 85.9 – 95.6) and specificity of 100% (95% CI: 93.4 – 100) using FAT as the reference standard. The positive and negative predictive values were found to be 100% (95% CI:96.7 – 100) and 84.4% (95% CI: 73.6 – 91.3), respectively. Overall, there was 94.4% (95% CI: 90 – 96.9) test agreement between rapid test and FAT (Kappa value = 0.874) with a positive percent agreement and negative percent agreement of 92 and 100%, respectively. Conclusions: Our finding demonstrated that the rapid test kit (BioNote) can be used for rabies surveillance and confirming clinical case of rabies in animals for making rapid decisions particularly controlling rabies outbreaks in resource poor settings.

scholarly journals Assessment of MIST Alert™, a Commercial Qualitative Assay for Detection of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning Toxins in Bivalve Molluscs

2002 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 632-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona H Mackintosh ◽  
Susan Gallacher ◽  
Aileen M Shanks ◽  
Elizabeth A Smith
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Mouse Bioassay ◽  
Shellfish Poisoning ◽  
Paralytic Shellfish ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Psp Toxins

Abstract A recently developed commercial rapid test kit (MIST Alert™) was assessed for determination of the presence of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins in shellfish. Several commercially important shellfish species obtained from the UK shellfish toxin monitoring program, containing a range of total PSP toxicities as determined by the mouse bioassay (MBA), were tested. The kit detected toxin in all samples containing the European Community tolerance level of 80 μg saxitoxin (STX) equivalents/100 g shellfish flesh as determined by the MBA. With one exception, the kit detected toxin in all samples that contained >40 μg STX equivalents/100 g according to the MBA. Among samples in which the MBA did not detect toxin, the kit disagreed in 25% of the tests, although further analysis by liquid chromatography (LC) and MBA of some samples confirmed the presence of toxins. These results suggest that MIST Alert may be suitable as an initial screen for PSP toxins as part of routine monitoring programs, thereby greatly reducing the number of MBAs. Trials were also performed by nonscientific personnel to evaluate the ease of use and interpretation of results obtained by MIST Alert. The results indicated that the kits could be readily used and accurately interpreted by individuals with no technical or scientific background.

scholarly journals T2Candida Assay in the Diagnosis of Intraabdominal Candidiasis: A Prospective Multicenter Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Anders Krifors ◽  
Måns Ullberg ◽  
Markus Castegren ◽  
Johan Petersson ◽  
Ernesto Sparrelid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Necrotizing Pancreatitis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Surgery ◽  
Dual Infection ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
Detection Assay ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

The T2Candida magnetic resonance assay is a direct-from-blood pathogen detection assay that delivers a result within 3–5 h, targeting the most clinically relevant Candida species. Between February 2019 and March 2021, the study included consecutive patients aged >18 years admitted to an intensive care unit or surgical high-dependency unit due to gastrointestinal surgery or necrotizing pancreatitis and from whom diagnostic blood cultures were obtained. Blood samples were tested in parallel with T2Candida and 1,3-β-D-glucan. Of 134 evaluable patients, 13 (10%) were classified as having proven intraabdominal candidiasis (IAC) according to the EORTC/MSG criteria. Two of the thirteen patients (15%) had concurrent candidemia. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value, respectively, were 46%, 97%, 61%, and 94% for T2Candida and 85%, 83%, 36%, and 98% for 1,3-β-D-glucan. All positive T2Candida results were consistent with the culture results at the species level, except for one case of dual infection. The performance of T2Candida was comparable with that of 1,3-β-D-glucan for candidemic IAC but had a lower sensitivity for non-candidemic IAC (36% vs. 82%). In conclusion, T2Candida may be a valuable complement to 1,3-β-D-glucan in the clinical management of high-risk surgical patients because of its rapid results and ease of use.

scholarly journals An assessment of a rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen test in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zannat Kawser ◽  
Mohabbat Hossain ◽  
Sara Suliman ◽  
Shahin Lockman ◽  
Jesse Gitaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
False Positive ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Rapid Antigen Detection Test ◽  
Antigen Tests ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals

Early detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection is crucial to prevent the spread of the virus. In this study, we evaluated the performance of a commercial rapid antigen detection test, BD Veritor, and compared this (and another rapid test, Standard Q) against a gold-standard of nasopharyngeal (NP) swab tested by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in prospectively recruited adults in Dhaka, Bangladesh. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of the two rapid antigen tests against RT-PCR results in 130 symptomatic and 130 asymptomatic adults. In addition, we evaluated the suitability and ease-of-use of the BD Veritor test in a subsample of study participants (n=42) and implementers (n=5). The sensitivity of the BD Veritor rapid antigen 66 test was 70% in symptomatic (95% confidence interval [CI]: 51-85%) and 87% (95% CI: 69-96%) in asymptomatic individuals with positive SARSCoV-2 RT-PCR, for overall sensitivity of 78% (95% CI: 66-88%). The sensitivity of the Standard Q rapid antigen test was 63% (95% CI: 44-69 80%) in symptomatic and 73% (95% CI: 54-87%) in asymptomatic individuals. One false positive in BD Veritor test (specificity 99.5) and no false positive in Standard Q tests were observed (specificity 100%). The BD Veritor rapid antigen test was 78% sensitive when compared with RT-PCR irrespective of the cycle threshold (Ct) levels in this evaluation in Bangladesh. The implementation evaluation data showed good acceptability in the field settings. This warrants large field evaluation as well as use of the rapid antigen test for quick assessment of SARS-CoV-2 for containment of epidemics in the country.

scholarly journals Laboratory-based Evaluation of Wondfo HIV1/2 Rapid Test Kits in the Gambia, December 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mendy A ◽  
◽  
Sanneh ML ◽  
Jarju ML ◽  
Ceesay FB ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Screening ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
First Response ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Hiv 1

Background: HIV rapid diagnosis in The Gambia is mainly done using Determine HIV-1/2 and First Response HIV 1.2.0 or SD Bioline HIV-1/2 3.0 for screening and sero-typing of HIV respectively among children and adults. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is used for the detection of the HIV viral genome among infants born to HIV positive mothers. This is the HIV testing Algorithm recommended in the HIV testing guidelines of The Gambia for both HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT), Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) as well as other clinical requests for HIV testing. At the National Public Health Reference Laboratories (NPHRL), ELISA is the first line of testing for HIV while First Response HIV 1.2.0 or SD Bioline HIV 1/2 3.0 is used for preliminary serotyping. MP Diagnostics HIV Blot 2.2 Western Assay, which is the gold standard for HIV testing in The Gambia, is used as the tie breaker (i.e., when there are discordant results). The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the Wondfo HIV 1/2 rapid test kit for the detection of human antibodies to HIV in serum/plasma/whole blood and dried blood spots. Methods: The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of Wondfo HIV 1/2 kits were evaluated in terms of HIV screening against Determine HIV1/2, GenScreen Ultra HIV Ag-Ab ELISA and First Response HIV 1.2.0 using a total of 401 samples. Of these, 351 were sera/plasma samples {100 HIV negative, 250 HIV positive and 1 indeterminate that were stored at -20°C, 26 were whole blood samples (4 negative, 22 positive), and 24 were dried blood spot (DBS) specimens (16 negative and 8 positive) were used for this evaluation. HIV positive specimens were previously sero-typed using First Response HIV-1.2.0 test cards and MP Diagnostics HIV Blot 2.2 Western Assay. Results: The evaluation shows that the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of Wondfo HIV 1/2 Test Kits with regards to HIV Screening when compared with the GenScreen Ultra HIV Ag-Ab ELISA and First Response 1.2.O (n=401) were 100%, 100%, 100%, and 100% respectively. Similarly, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of Wondfo HIV 1/2 Test Kits with regards to HIV Screening compared to Determine HIV1/2 (n=401) were 99.64%, 100%, 100%, and 99.17% respectively. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that Wondfo HIV 1/2 test kits have a high sensitivity and specificity when used for the detection of HIV antibodies using human serum/plasma, whole blood or DBS.

scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of two commercial SARS-CoV-2 Antigen-detecting rapid tests at the point of care in community-based testing centers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Berger ◽  
Marie Therese Ngo Nsoga ◽  
Francisco Javier Perez-Rodriguez ◽  
Yasmine Abi Aad ◽  
Pascale Sattonnet-Roche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Test Device ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Rapid Tests

AbstractBackgroundAntigen-detecting rapid diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 offer new opportunities for the quick and laboratory-independent identification of infected individuals for control of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.MethodsWe performed a prospective, single-center, point of care validation of two antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDT) in comparison to RT-PCR on nasopharyngeal swabs.FindingsBetween October 9th and 23rd, 2020, 1064 participants were enrolled. The Panbio™Covid-19 Ag Rapid Test device (Abbott) was validated in 535 participants, with 106 positive Ag-RDT results out of 124 positive RT-PCR individuals, yielding a sensitivity of 85.5% (95% CI: 78.0–91.2). Specificity was 100.0% (95% CI: 99.1–100) in 411 RT-PCR negative individuals. The Standard Q Ag-RDT (SD Biosensor, Roche) was validated in 529 participants, with 170 positive Ag-RDT results out of 191 positive RT-PCR individuals, yielding a sensitivity of 89.0% (95%CI: 83.7–93.1). One false positive result was obtained in 338 RT-PCR negative individuals, yielding a specificity of 99.7% (95%CI: 98.4–100). For individuals presenting with fever 1-5 days post symptom onset, combined Ag-RDT sensitivity was above 95%.InterpretationWe provide an independent validation of two widely available commercial Ag-RDTs, both meeting WHO criteria of ≥80% sensitivity and ≥97% specificity. Although less sensitive than RT-PCR, these assays could be beneficial due to their rapid results, ease of use, and independence from existing laboratory structures. Testing criteria focusing on patients with typical symptoms in their early symptomatic period onset could further increase diagnostic value.FundingFoundation of Innovative Diagnostics (FIND), Fondation privée des HUG, Pictet Charitable Foundation.

scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of two commercial SARS-CoV-2 antigen-detecting rapid tests at the point of care in community-based testing centers

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248921
Author(s):  
Alice Berger ◽  
Marie Therese Ngo Nsoga ◽  
Francisco Javier Perez-Rodriguez ◽  
Yasmine Abi Aad ◽  
Pascale Sattonnet-Roche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Test Device ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Rapid Tests

Objectives Determine the diagnostic accuracy of two antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDT) for SARS-CoV-2 at the point of care and define individuals’ characteristics providing best performance. Methods We performed a prospective, single-center, point of care validation of two Ag-RDT in comparison to RT-PCR on nasopharyngeal swabs. Results Between October 9th and 23rd, 2020, 1064 participants were enrolled. The PanbioTM Covid-19 Ag Rapid Test device (Abbott) was validated in 535 participants, with 106 positive Ag-RDT results out of 124 positive RT-PCR individuals, yielding a sensitivity of 85.5% (95% CI: 78.0–91.2). Specificity was 100.0% (95% CI: 99.1–100) in 411 RT-PCR negative individuals. The Standard Q Ag-RDT (SD Biosensor, Roche) was validated in 529 participants, with 170 positive Ag-RDT results out of 191 positive RT-PCR individuals, yielding a sensitivity of 89.0% (95%CI: 83.7–93.1). One false positive result was obtained in 338 RT-PCR negative individuals, yielding a specificity of 99.7% (95%CI: 98.4–100). For individuals presenting with fever 1–5 days post symptom onset, combined Ag-RDT sensitivity was above 95%. Lower sensitivity of 88.2% was seen on the same day of symptom development (day 0). Conclusions We provide an independent validation of two widely available commercial Ag-RDTs, both meeting WHO criteria of ≥80% sensitivity and ≥97% specificity. Although less sensitive than RT-PCR, these assays could be beneficial due to their rapid results, ease of use, and independence from existing laboratory structures. Testing criteria focusing on patients with typical symptoms in their early symptomatic period onset could further increase diagnostic value.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Rapid Kit for Detection of IgM against Leptospira in Human

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Rao ◽  
Fairuz Amran ◽  
Nadia Aqilla
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Standard Laboratory ◽  
Test Efficiency ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Introduction. Leptospirosis is an acute febrile illness, known for its protean clinical manifestations and the challenge in differentiating from other infectious diseases. Standardized confirmatory test is antibody dependent and not accessible by the suburban community. This study measures efficiency of an immune-chromatographic assay, Leptocheck WB, in detecting acute leptospirosis. Methods. A total of 142 sera were used for kit evaluation. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated by comparing rapid kit results with gold standard laboratory, microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Results. We found this rapid kit to have a sensitivity and specificity of 66.6% and 78.9%, respectively, whereas the PPV and NPV of the kit appeared to be 73.3% and 73.2%, respectively. Discussion. Test efficiency of this rapid kit is reasonable. It is specific in detecting leptospiral antibody and assures clinician of accurate diagnosis by having higher PPV and NPV. It is prompt and efficient in comparison with conventional methods in assisting differential diagnosis. High sensitivity and specificity leptospirosis rapid test is indeed a crucial measure to assist the diagnosis of acute undifferentiated febrile illnesses.

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