scholarly journals Irrelevance of Competitive Advantage for the Benefits of International Trade

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Eckhard Siggel
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Competitive Advantage

The Export of Hazardous Factories to Developing Nations

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry I. Castleman
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Environmental Destruction ◽  
World Markets

The export of hazardous industrial plants to developing nations is examined for a number of industries. As hazardous and polluting industries come under increasing regulation in industrial nations, some of the affected processes are exported, without improvements to make them less hazardous, to nonregulating countries where cheap and uninformed labor is abundant. “Runaway shops” then market their products in industrial nations with the competitive advantage of not having had to comply with costly workplace and pollution-control regulations. The international trade impacts of hazard export include: export of jobs from regulating to nonregulating countries; shift of international balance of payments in favor of nonregulating countries; export of mortal health hazards and environmental destruction to workers and communities in nonregulating nations, in order to produce goods for consumption by the regulating countries; weakened competitive position of reputable manufacturers who incur control costs and compete in domestic and world markets against less scrupulous companies; prolonged widespread use of discredited, extremely hazardous technologies, arising from the continuing “subsidy” of certain industries by workers and communities exposed to uncontrolled, well-recognized, mortal health hazards; and aggravated international relations resulting from developing nations' awareness and concern over becoming dumping grounds for hazard export from industrial nations.

scholarly journals The Basic for Trade According to International Trade Theories and Their Relation with Trade Policies

Ekonomika ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gražina Jatuliavičienė
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Imperfect Competition ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
Theoretical Evaluation

In the article is presented an overview over some of the competing theories aimed at explaining the basis and gains of international trade. Key classical concepts such as absolute and comparative advantage are explained and extended to include modern-day realities. The article also deals with important new trade theories, which base trade on economies of scale and imperfect competition, as well as on competitive advantage. This leads to the theoretical evaluation of a country’s trade policies and their impact on export performance.

scholarly journals DAYA SAING KARET ALAM SUMATERA SELATAN DALAM PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-263
Author(s):  
Sri Hertina ◽  
Khoirun Nisyak ◽  
Nur Aslamiah Supli
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Firm Strategy ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Demand Condition ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
Oil And Gas Sector

Rubber is the leading commodity in South Sumatra which provides the largest income in the non-oil and gas sector. South Sumatra itself is an area that has the largest rubber production and plantations in Indonesia and can even compete with other rubber-producing countries in the international market. However, in its development, South Sumatra's rubber commodity faces various obstacles to compete in international trade. The purpose of this study was to examine how the competitiveness of South Sumatra's natural rubber commodities in international trade. The concept of competitiveness and the theory of competitive advantage is used to describe the research results. The method used in this study is descriptive explanatory, data collection was obtained by interviewing the South Sumatra Province Plantation Service and GAPKINDO of South Sumatra, as well as through the results of a literature study. The findings of this study are seen through 4 determinants of competitive advantage, factor conditions, demand condition, related and supporting Industries, then firm strategy, structure, and rivalry. As well as additional factors,  governance. Production of rubber plantations in South Sumatra has decreased. Rubber demand also declined based on data on the volume of rubber exports. South Sumatra's downstream industry has not yet developed. Then the strategy applied is less than optimal and the role of the Government of South Sumatra is lacking. So it can be concluded that the competitiveness of South Sumatran rubber commodities in international trade is low.  

International Trade Potential of Indian Onion: An Analysis of Competitive Advantage and Direction of Trade

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Akriti Sharma ◽  
Ankur Ojha ◽  
K.V. Praveen ◽  
K.S. Aditya ◽  
Payal Pokharna
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Trade Potential

scholarly journals Pakistan’s Exports and Global Economy: Export Competitiveness and Efficiency of Toys and Games

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 811-819
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahid Maqbool ◽  
Furrukh Bashir ◽  
Hafeez Ur Rehman ◽  
Rashid Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
World Market ◽  
Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽  
Export Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Export Competitiveness

The aim of this study is to examine the export performance and competitiveness of Pakistan's toy exports by using different indices of revealed comparative advantage. The data were looked at from the International Trade Centre (ITC) for Pakistan’s toys exports during 2004-2020. The results of this study show that Pakistan enjoyed a comparative advantage in exporting toys to the world market during 2004-2020, because the RCA index is greater than 1. The positive values of RSCA and LnRCA indicate that Pakistan had a CA in the concerned sector during 2004-2020. The study also observed that Pakistan had a competitive advantage by employing Vollrath index (RCA#). In addition, the revealed competitiveness index (RC) indicates that Pakistan experienced competitiveness in the toy export sector. The RMA index shows that Pakistan also enjoyed a comparative advantage in the imports of toys during 2004-2020. This means that Pakistan also imports these products from other economies of the world. The index of RTA describes that Pakistan had a net comparative advantage in this sector during analysis. TBI illustrates that Pakistan is the net-exporter in the toys and games sector in the global economy. Pakistan's toy manufacturers need to find new innovative and technologically advanced methods to stimulate domestic toy production and exports.

scholarly journals STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF POTASSIUM SALT INTERNATIONAL TRADE BASED ON COMPLEX NETWORK

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1000-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingyue Wang ◽  
Rui Kong
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Complex Network ◽  
Potassium Salt ◽  
Trade Flow ◽  
Flow Distribution ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Salt Trade

This paper studies the evolutionary characteristics of international trade of potassium salts. We construct a weighted and directed complex network model of potassium salt trade, analyze the scale and activity, trade relations, trade flow distribution and the importance of trading countries using UN Comtrade2000-2016 data. Results show that potassium salt trade is more dynamic, resource allocation is more convenient. Some countries have formed trade groups. The relationship between small and major countries is growing. The resource flows of countries with large degrees are conducive to balancing resource’s distribution. Besides Canada is a leading trade country, and the US, the Russian Federation, China and Brazil are trade-led countries. China, the Netherlands, the US, France and India are important hubs. Finally, using Porter's national competitive advantage theory, it proposes countermeasures for forming the international competitive advantage of potassium salt enterprises in different countries.

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