Substance Use Portrayal in Oscar-nominated Movies

Background: As one of the forms of media and art most consumed in the world, Oscar-nominated movies should have their drug use representation monitored because of possibly influencing but also reflecting society’s behavior. Objective: To investigate drug use representation in scenes from movies nominated for the Academy Awards (Oscar) from 2008-2011, through media content analysis. Methods: 437 scenes from Oscar-nominated movies (best film, best actor and best actress categories) showing drug consumption and/or its effects were assessed. Each drug represented and identified in a given scene (i.e., drug use incident) was counted as a unit for the present study (n = 515). Survey settings were used to control for over- or under-estimation of the prevalence of a variable in a given year or movie. Results: All the Oscar-nominated movies portrayed at least one scene of drug use. There was a massive predominance of alcohol and tobacco in movies, with a high use among men who also use drugs, habitually or occasionally, but related to stress/tension, predominantly at home. However, there was a significant progressive increase in the use of drugs other than alcohol and tobacco, multiple drugs, and by women. Conclusion: These findings echo epidemiological studies on substance use in western countries, an overall trend towards greater home drug use representation and gender convergence since 1970, which increased since 2000. Monitoring drug use representation in Oscar-nominated movies may represent an important public health tool.

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Illicit Drug Use and Problem Gambling

ISRN Addiction ◽

10.1155/2013/342392 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Peter Ferentzy ◽

W. J. Wayne Skinner ◽

Flora I. Matheson

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Drug Use ◽

Problem Gambling ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Illicit Drug Use ◽

Future Research ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

And Gender ◽

Legal Substances

Problem gambling, substance use disorders, and their cooccurrence are serious public health concerns. We conducted a comprehensive review of the literature to understand the present state of the evidence on these coaddictions. Our main focus was illicit drug use rather than misuse of legal substances. The review covers issues related to gambling as a hidden problem in the illicit drug use community; prevalence, problem gambling, and substance use disorders as kindred afflictions; problem gambling as an addiction similar to illicit drug use; risk factors and problems associated with comorbidity, and gender issues. We end with some suggestions for future research.

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Effects of mental health and substance use disorder symptoms on the association between STDs and sexual identity: evidence from the 2017–2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health

Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1007/s10389-021-01683-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

David Adzrago ◽

Samuel H. Nyarko ◽

Nnenna Ananaba ◽

Christine Markham

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Drug Use ◽

Depressive Episode ◽

Major Depressive Episode ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Marijuana Use ◽

Illicit Drug Use ◽

Major Depressive ◽

And Gender

Abstract Background Sexually transmitted disease (STD) cases are rising in the USA, especially among sexual and gender minorities, despite the availability of numerous STD prevention programs. We examined the differences in STD prevalence among sexual and gender minority subgroups with major depressive episode symptoms and substance use dependence. Methods We combined 2017, 2018, and 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) public-use data on adults (N = 127,584) to conduct weighted multivariable logistic regression and margins analyses. Results Approximately 2.05% of the population reported having STDs. The population that had major depressive episode symptoms (AOR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.46, 1.99), alcohol use dependence (AOR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.49, 2.16), illicit drug use other than marijuana use dependence (AOR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.73, 2.92), or marijuana use dependence (AOR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.57, 2.31) had higher odds of contracting STDs compared to their counterparts. Lesbian/gay (AOR = 2.81, 95% CI = 2.24, 3.54) and bisexual (AOR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.60, 2.37) individuals had higher odds of contracting STDs. Lesbians/gays with major depressive episode symptoms, alcohol use dependence, or illicit drug use other than marijuana use dependence had the highest probability of having STDs, compared to bisexuals and heterosexuals with major depressive episode symptoms, alcohol use, or illicit drug use other than marijuana use dependence. Bisexuals with marijuana use dependence had the highest probability of STD contraction compared to their lesbian/gay and heterosexual counterparts. Within each sexual identity subgroup, the probability of having STDs was higher for individuals with major depressive episode symptoms, or dependence on alcohol use, illicit drug use other than marijuana use, or marijuana use compared to their counterparts. Conclusion Major depressive episode symptoms, substance use dependence, and sexual and gender minority status had higher risks for STD diagnosis, particularly for sexual and gender minorities with major depressive episode symptoms or substance use dependence. Tailored interventions based on major depressive episode symptoms and substance use dependence may reduce the prevalence of STD, especially among sexual and gender minorities.

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Students' Self-Reported Substance Use by Grade Level and Gender

Journal of Drug Education ◽

10.2190/f8x2-v1rq-a3f4-f6qv ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 49-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Liza Nagel ◽

Dennis McDougall ◽

Cheryl Granby

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Drug Use ◽

Grade Level ◽

Prevention Programs ◽

Drug Prevention ◽

Alcohol And Drug Use ◽

Grade Levels ◽

Tenth Grade ◽

And Gender ◽

Statistical Results

Over 900 students in the rural northwest at the fourth, sixth, eighth, and tenth grade levels were surveyed for alcohol and drug use. The survey instrument measured self-reported usage of seventeen substances. The descriptive statistical results are reported by gender as well as grade-level usage rates. Discussion includes targeting drug prevention programs for specific grade and gender levels based upon the results.

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Substance Use and Violent Victimization: Evidence from a Cohort of >82,000 Patients Treated for Alcohol and Drug Use Disorder in Denmark

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260521997456 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 088626052199745

Author(s):

Abdu Kedir Seid ◽

Morten Hesse ◽

Esben Houborg ◽

Birgitte Thylstrup

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Drug Use ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Service Providers ◽

Strong Association ◽

Alcohol Problems ◽

Control Group ◽

Violent Victimization ◽

And Gender ◽

Drug Use Disorder

Although the association between substance use and violence has been well established, knowledge on predictors for violent victimization of individuals treated for alcohol use disorder (AUD) or drug use disorder (DUD) is lacking. Using Goldstein’s tripartite conceptual framework, this study examines the relationship between substance use and violent victimization. Data were derived from national registers on persons aged between 15 and 75 years, living in Denmark, and admitted for AUD or DUD treatment during 2006-2016 ( n = 82,767). Rates of new incidence of violent victimization were estimated per 10,000 person years for the patient cohort, and for an age- and gender-matched control group of 492,397 people with no history of treatment for drug and alcohol problems. The incidence of victimization for the AUD/DUD sample was 145.6 per 10,000 person years and 5.4 per 10,000 person years for the comparison cohort. Results of multivariate Cox regression on specific types of substance use supported Goldstein’s psychopharmacological and economic compulsive models of victimization, but not the systemic model. Gender-stratified results showed that the use of cannabis and methadone was associated with victimization in women treated for AUD and DUD. Patients with a non-Western background were more likely to experience victimization than Danish patients. The study highlights the strong association between substance use disorder and victimization, and the important role that service providers play in addressing the high levels of victimization experienced by patients with AUD or DUD.

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A Primer on Substance Use and Islam

Working With Muslim Clients in the Helping Professions - Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-0018-7.ch002 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 23-39

Author(s):

Mitchell Brent Mackinem ◽

Christi Sporl

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Drug Use ◽

Ecological Model ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Single Variable ◽

Alcohol And Drug Use ◽

Substance Use And Abuse ◽

Nuanced Understanding ◽

Specific Country

There is a paucity of research on the rates of alcohol and drug use among Muslim peoples. Many of the publications on substance use and abuse among Muslims tend to focus on the Qur'an's explicit prohibition against the use of mood-altering substances. Epidemiological studies of use, if they show lower use in a specific country, tend to ascribe the lower rates of use to the religious prohibitions is Islam. Such models are overly simplistic in that the perceived outcome is ascribed to a single variable: religion. This chapter will explore the value of the ecological model of substance use/abuse in understanding, assessing, and treating Muslim clients. The ecological model helps move Muslims from a unidimensional characterization to a fuller and nuanced understanding.

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Students' Self-Reported Substance Use by Grade Level and Gender

Journal of Drug Education ◽

10.2190/dgra-bhbv-cttr-jb0w ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 289-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Liza Nagel ◽

Dennis McDougall ◽

Cheryl Granby

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Drug Use ◽

Grade Level ◽

Prevention Programs ◽

Drug Prevention ◽

Alcohol And Drug Use ◽

Grade Levels ◽

Tenth Grade ◽

And Gender ◽

Statistical Results

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Cultural Assets and Substance Use Among Hispanic Adolescents

Health Education & Behavior ◽

10.1177/1090198116659440 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 326-331 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mindy Ma ◽

Lydia R. Malcolm ◽

Kristine Díaz-Albertini ◽

Juan Carlos Sánchez ◽

Brett Simpson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Drug Use ◽

Interpersonal Relationship ◽

Cultural Factors ◽

Cultural Factor ◽

Hispanic Adolescents ◽

Family Connectedness ◽

Cultural Assets ◽

Independent Association ◽

And Gender

Research on cultural factors and substance use among Hispanic adolescents has focused primarily on acculturation, while specific core Hispanic values and attributes have received minimal attention. The objective of the current study was to examine the relationship between traditional Hispanic cultural assets and substance use among adolescents. A purposive sample of 225 Hispanic adolescents (47% male) aged 13 to 16 years were recruited from community venues (e.g., park, school, mall) in a predominately Hispanic neighborhood. Participants completed a survey to assess cultural factors (familism, simpatía, respeto, and ethnic pride) and substance use in the past 3 months (alcohol and drug). Point-biserial correlations revealed significant associations of alcohol and drug use with greater familism (family connectedness), simpatía (interpersonal relationship harmony), and respeto (respect). Two stepwise binary logistic regressions were performed to evaluate the independent association between the cultural factors and substance use. The interaction of gender with each cultural factor was examined in both analyses. Simpatía emerged as the only cultural factor independently associated with alcohol use. Greater simpatía was related to abstention from alcohol. Both simpatía and familism independently correlated with drug use. Stronger endorsements of simpatía and familism were associated with absence from drug use. Interactions between cultural factors and gender were not observed. Simpatía emerged as the strongest cultural asset that may confer protection against substance use. If replicated, our results suggest substance prevention programs targeting Hispanic adolescents may benefit from the inclusion of cultural assets in the intervention paradigm.

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