REFLECTION OF THE MULTICOMPONENT CULTURE OF THE KAZYM KHANTS IN FOLKLORE MATERIALS O GODDESS VUT IMI

Важнейшей составляющей традиционной культуры обских угров являются культы духов-покровителей — выдающихся богатырей-предков. В древности обожествляемая личность постепенно превращалась в средство существования общества, организации его жизни. Культ предка можно рассматривать как культурообразующий фактор и даже культурную модель традиционного общества, служившую целям выживания и приспособления людей к новым историческим условиям, выстраивания отношений с окружающим миром. В статье рассматривается образ одного из духов-покровителей хантыйского народа — Казымской богини-воительницы (известной в литературе также как Вут-ими или Касум-най), отраженный в фольклоре казымских и других групп хантов, сосьвинских манси и ненцев. «История» её жизни указывает на постоянные миграции и освоение новых территорий в древние времена, объясняет контакты предков казымских хантов с соседними этническими группами. Цель работы — раскрыть характер межэтнических и внутриэтнических связей казымских хантов на основе фольклорных текстов о Вут ими с опорой на культурно-исторический, описательный, функционально-семантический и типологический методы, с учётом уже имеющихся разработок по данной теме. В качестве историко-этнографического источника, содержащего информацию о межкультурных коммуникациях казымских хантов, автором рассмотрены как опубликованные ранее песни, сказания и предания о Вут-ими, включая сведения о её зооморфных образах, атрибутике, эпитетах, так и новый материал, записанный автором от информантов. Автором отмечается, что в образе главного духа-покровителя р. Казым просматриваются пермские черты. В языке, фольклоре, культурных традициях ярко выражены устойчивые контакты с мансийской территорией. Хантыйские предания указывают также на значительное влияние ненецкой культуры (прежде всего в сфере оленеводства). Мифология брачных отношений богини с хантыйскими богатырями отражает родство и характер внутриэтнических отношений хантов: казымской группы с другими локальными образованиями (иртышскими, пимскими и другими хантами). The most important component of the traditional culture of the Ob Ugrians are the cults of patron spirits-outstanding heroes-ancestors. In ancient times, the deified person gradually turned into a means of existence of society, the organization of its life. The cult of the ancestor can be considered as a cultural factor and even a cultural model of traditional society, which served the goals of survival and adaptation of people to new historical conditions, building relationships with the surrounding world. The article considers the image of one of the patron spirits of the Khanty people-the Kazim warrior goddess (also known in literature as Vut-imi or Kasum-nai, etc.), reflected in the folklore of the Kazim and other Khanty groups, Sosva Mansi and Nenets. The “history” of her life points to constant migrations and the development of new territories in ancient times, explains the contacts of the ancestors of the Kazim Khants with neighboring ethnic groups. The purpose of the work is to reveal the nature of interethnic and intraethnic relations of the Kazym Khants on the basis of folklore texts about the Vut by them, based on cultural-historical, descriptive, functional-semantic and typological methods, taking into account existing developments on this topic. As a historical and ethnographic source containing information about the intercultural communications of the Kazym Khants, the author considers both previously published songs, legends and legends about the Vut-im, including information about its zoomorphic images, attributes, epithets; as well as new material recorded by the author from informants. The author notes that the image of the main patron spirit of R. Kazym shows Permian features. Stable contacts with the Mansi territory are clearly expressed in the language, folklore, and cultural traditions. Khanty legends also indicate a significant influence of the Nenets culture (primarily in the field of reindeer husbandry). The mythology of the marriage relations of the goddess with the Khanty heroes reflects the kinship and nature of the intra-ethnic relations of the Khanty: the Kazim group with other local formations (Irtysh, Pim and other Khanty).

TRADITION PATTERNS OF ANTENATAL CARE AND MATERNAL HEALTH IN MAMFE: UNDERSTANDING THE SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTOR OF MATERNAL MORTALITY IN RURAL CAMEROON

From the case study of Mamfe, this research has been tailored to highlight and examine the influence of traditional patterns of antenatal care on maternal morbidity and mortality in rural Cameroon. The country is one of the underachievers of the MDGs with strong socio-cultural attachment and a consequential high reliance on traditional patterns for antenatal care. Understanding the influence of this reliance gives a more complete view of the socio-cultural factor critical towards underlining the underlying determinants of maternal deaths. The rationales behind most traditional antenatal beliefs and practices, some of which have been highlighted in this work, scarcely correspond to the biomedical norms for useful maternal healthcare. They reportedly fulfill more superior and collective purposes that understandably prevail over maternal health. Non-respect for these traditional imperatives puts transgressors at odds with the community. Given their understandable vulnerability during pregnancy, expectant women are therefore predisposed to a higher risk of complications and death. The research was both cross-sectional and exploratory, constructed on a qualitative design. Non-probability purposive sampling was used to constitute a sample size of 140 participants. Research techniques employed included in-depth interviews, FGDs and direct observation. We discovered that expectant women widely attended conventional antenatal consultations but were rigorously constraint to respect and adhere to beliefs and practices for traditional maternal care. As such widespread facility-based deliveries in rural settings heralded as the ideal solution by many does not necessarily limit the influence of the socio-cultural factor on MMR. KEY WORDS: rural Cameroon, traditional patterns, influence, antenatal care, maternal mortality

The English - Indonesian Adaptation of Cultural Terminologies, Vocabularies and Phrases in Webster’s Reflection on Raden Ajeng Kartini

The aim of the research is to analyze the adaptation of terminologies, vocabularies and phrases from English to Indonesian. The research was descriptive qualitative research in order to answer the research problem definitely. The data of the study were taken from a biography written by Tracy Wright Webster entitled Reflection on Raden Ajeng Kartini, while the translation is done by the author itself. The total number of data found was 75 Javanese cultural concepts. Then, the data were grouped into several culture categories before presented in the analysis. The result shows that there are three basic aspects that determine the translator in carrying the adaptation strategy with the Javanese culture. Those aspects are cultural factor, linguistic factor and the translator's preference. The aspects influencing the translation strategy that the translator carries is language and Indonesian modern history. In conclusion, the translation strategy of adaptation that is carried by the translator is actually dynamic. It is because in translating the Javanese cultural concepts are alternated or even hybridized, depending upon the translator's intention whether she wants to introduce the cultural concepts to the TL reader or not. However, apart from the limitation of the biography of Reflection on Raden Ajeng Kartini translation, the English version is still important for foreigners to know more about Indonesian history, culture and society.

Association between Age Group and Perception towards ‘Women's Career Success and Barriers’

The age factor plays a vital role in the perception of human beings on different issues. Regarding this, the main objective of this study is to examine the association between age group and perception of Nepali universities female teachers in the issues of women's career success and barriers such as individual factor, family factor, organizational factor, and socio-cultural factor. With judgmental sampling technique, only 202 responses were selected and usable out of 275 questionnaires distributed to female University teachers. This study has tested the reliability by using Cronbach alpha. Using likelihood ratio, it was found that there is only a significant association of agegroup and perception of female teachers in the issue of women’s career success but there is no significant association in the issues of individual factor, family factor, organizational factor, and socio-cultural factor. From this output, it concluded that perceptions of women university teachers are different with different age-group in the issue of women’s career success. This study could be useful for University/college management, trainers, and human resource developers to assist the career success of female university teachers.

The Business Culture In The Activity Of The Commercial Bank In Vietnam Recently

Before the fourth Industrial Revolution, business activities of banks in general and commercial banks in specific were changing and adapting with the era. The recently suitable development of commercial banks in Vietnam always aims at people, to the culture as a motivation, to basic, to the inner strength of human and social development. Thus, the secret in the suitable development of the commercial bank recently in Vietnam is directly related to the cultural factor, there is the business culture. The aspect of the business culture is a mode of suitable business activities. Otherwise, these are the resources for the business development of the commercial bank in Vietnam. With the group of theoretical research, the group of reality research, based on approaching culture, the article is analyzing clearly the basics of the business culture in Vietnam recently. From there, the article points to the fundamental solution to developing the business culture in the commercial bank system in Vietnam.

Geocultural Aspects of the Security Policy of Contemporary Israel

The article shows how the symbolism contained in the image of the Jewish state influenced, especially recently, the vectors of Israel’s security policy. Attention is paid to these aspects aimed at protecting national identity. The author tries to substantiate the influence of the cultural factor on Israel’s security policy. The research is based on historical analysis, source analysis, and descriptive narrative. The instruments and tools used by the state in the implementation of the aforementioned tasks are presented – from the basic laws and compatible legal acts regulating the social life of Israeli citizens to the policy of cultural and ethnic isolation and separation carried out by the armed forces. In the Middle East emphasizing one’s own individuality is a strategic goal, but the price of internal a conflicts can be high.

Familial Conversion: A Case Study on the Ethical-Religious Role of the Household in the Mass Conversion of Wenzhou Christians

This article explores the familial conversion which has cumulative impact on the mass conversion of Wenzhou Christians after 194 9. Acknowledging the dramatic revival of Christianity in Wenzhou following reform and opening in China by no means precludes recognizing the hidden upsurge of conversion events before 1978. Through a ease study on the congregation of Qingpu Church in Heyang area of Wenzhou > I hope to demonstrate that the familial aspect of conversion in the form of household units> rather than individual conversions> is the key to understanding the conversion of Wenzhou Christians. The article argues that the oneness of family derived from the emotional and responsible relationships within it, along with the process of the conversion ritual, constitute the ethical-religious role of the household > which contributes to the emergence of familial conversion. This preliminary study attempts to draw more attention to family,an essential ethical and even existential cultural factor in Chinese society. It is through the family that we may come to better understand the indigenous development of Christianity in China.

Kulturrelevans og menighetsutvikling

The article analyses the term cultural relevance and its importance for Church development. The questions are: What is the understanding of the term cultural relevance and what is the significance of the cultural factor for the understanding of the Church’s nature and task and consequently what are the consequences for the Church’s working methods and strategy? The principle issues are discussed through an analysis of the typology and five relational types of H. Richard Niebuhr’s book Christ & Culture, an evaluation of Jimmy Long’s five corresponding church types and Miroslav Volf’s ecclesiastical identity, including a theological discussion related to the paradigm change from modernism to postmodernism. The author defends Volf’s understanding of the church’s identity and nature and defines cultural relevance foremost as a new eschatological fellowship, expressing its own identity in the common culture. The task and goal of the church is to become an influencing church, i.e. by avoiding ideological pitfalls and enhancing all possibilities in the prevailing culture. In the practical part of the article, Jackson W. Carroll’s combined strategy of resistance and adjustment are defended after a presentation and evaluation of several church movements’ relation to culture. The concluding part of the article defends the use of the combined strategy as the best way to become an influencing church, and is closed by four practical-theological implications for church development.

Cinema as a cultural factor of history. Shaken Aimanov, “The Land of Fathers” (“Atameken”)

The article is devoted to the analysis of the cinema as a historical cultural phenomenon. The author considers the peculiarities of the historical period of the 1950-1970s which are noted by a short-term development of democratic tendencies in the Soviet society that gave the opportunity to the freer and more successful development of many genres of culture including cinematography. In the Kazakh cinema art the name of the producer Shaken Aimanov who created some author’s films among which “The Land of Fathers” (1966) occupies a peculiar place is well established. On the basis of scientific approaches there are revealed the main methods of Sh.Aimanov’s directing which allowed him alongside the original dramaturgy to use modern innovations of the visual pictorial type and which allowed achieving vivid expressiveness and more credibility of the author’s conception about the past and the present. “The Land of Fathers” remains one of the bright factors of the cultural memory created by the Kazakh producer by means of the cinema language.