Effect of A Navicular Support Foot Orthosis on Resting Calcaneal Standing Position Angle and Navicular Height in Flat Foot Children

Background: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often demonstrate postural control difficulties. Orthotic management may assist in improving postural control in these children.Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the influence of floor reaction ankle foot orthosis (FRAFO) on postural flexion called the crouch position in children with CP.Study Design: Quasi-experimental.Methods: Eight children with spastic diplegic CP and eight matched typically developing children participated in this study. Postural control of children with CP was assessed in a static standing position on a force platform with/without a FRAFO. The parameters used were centre of pressure (CoP) measures, calculated from force platform signals including the standard deviation (SD) of excursion; phase plate portrait and SD of velocity in anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions.Results: The maximum knee extension was statistically significant in children with CP when barefoot compared to wearing braced footwear ( p < 0.05, t = 10.01). AP and ML displacement, AP velocity and AP phase plate portrait of CoP were not statistically significant between children with CP with/without a FRAFO ( p < 0.05).Conclusion: FRAFO can improve the alignment of the knee, but may not be helpful in improving postural control in children with CP in a short time period.Clinical relevanceThis article will provide objective evidence about the effect of FRAFO on the postural control in children with CP. Therapists can use FRAFO to effectively decrease the knee joint angle in the sagittal plane in children with spastic CP, but cannot use it to improve the postural control.

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The evaluation of modified foot orthosis on muscle activity and kinetic in a subject with flexible flat foot : Single case study

Prosthetics and Orthotics International ◽

10.1177/0309364613492170 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 160-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hassan Saeedi ◽

Mohammad E Mousavi ◽

Basir Majddoleslam ◽

Mehdi Rahgozar ◽

Gholamreza Aminian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ground Reaction Force ◽

Muscle Activity ◽

Sagittal Plane ◽

Single Case ◽

Reaction Force ◽

Vertical Ground Reaction Force ◽

Flat Foot ◽

Case Evaluation ◽

The University ◽

Foot Orthosis

Background:Due to blocking of pronation/dorsiflexion in flexible flat foot and restriction of these movements in using the University of California Berkeley Laboratory orthosis, provided pressures in sole by the orthosis were increased. Therefore, this article describes the evaluation of modified foot orthosis with flexible structure in the management of individuals with flexible flat foot.Case description and method:The patient was a 21-year-old male who had symptomatic flat foot. The modified foot orthosis included movable surface and the outside structure. The modified foot orthosis was evaluated by standing foot X-ray, comfort rate, electromyography of leg muscle and vertical ground reaction force during walking.Findings and outcomes:The modified foot orthosis improved the foot alignment and decreased the symptoms of flat foot with more comfort. Subtalar position by sub-maximum supination had higher position than neutral in sagittal plane. It may increase the muscle activity of peroneus longus by 7% compared to barefoot, and there was a decrease of 11% ground reaction force in mid stance.Conclusion:The result of this single case evaluation only proposed the feasibility of this modified insole as the orthotic treatment in flexible flat foot.Clinical relevanceThe modified foot orthosis, which is mobile in the midfoot, is an orthosis for walking and standing in subjects with flexible flat foot.

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The influence of foot orthoses on foot mobility magnitude and arch height index in adults with flexible flat feet

Prosthetics and Orthotics International ◽

10.1177/0309364614521652 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 190-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Roghaye Sheykhi-Dolagh ◽

Hassan Saeedi ◽

Behshid Farahmand ◽

Mojtaba Kamyab ◽

Mohammad Kamali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Bearing ◽

Foot Orthoses ◽

Arch Height ◽

Flat Foot ◽

Dynamic Mobility ◽

Flat Feet ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Foot Arch ◽

Foot Mobility ◽

Foot Orthosis

Background:Flexible flat foot is described as a reduction in the height of the medial longitudinal arch and may occur from abnormal foot pronation. A foot orthosis is thought to modify and control excessive pronation and improve arch height.Objective:To compare the immediate effect of three types of orthoses on foot mobility and the arch height index in subjects with flexible flat feet.Study design:A quasi-experimental study.Method:The dorsal arch height, midfoot width, foot mobility and arch height index were assessed in 20 participants with flexible flat feet (mean age = 23.2 ± 3 years) for three different foot orthosis conditions: soft, semi-rigid and rigid University of California Biomechanics Laboratory (UCBL).Results:Maximum midfoot width at 90% with arch mobility in the coronal plane was shown in the semi-rigid orthosis condition. The semi-rigid orthosis resulted in the highest mean foot mobility in 90% of weight bearing, and the rigid orthosis (UCBL) had the lowest mean foot mobility. The soft orthosis resulted in foot mobility between that of the rigid and the semi-rigid orthosis. UCBL orthosis showed the highest arch height index, and the semi-rigid orthosis showed the lowest mean arch height index.Conclusion:Due to its rigid structure and long medial–lateral walls, the UCBL orthosis appears to limit foot mobility. Therefore, it is necessary to make an orthosis that facilitates foot mobility in the normal range of the foot arch. Future studies should address the dynamic mobility of the foot with using various types of foot orthoses.Clinical relevanceAlthough there are many studies focussed on flat foot and the use of foot orthoses, the mechanism of action is still unclear. This study explored foot mobility and the influence of foot orthoses and showed that a more rigid foot orthosis should be selected based on foot mobility.

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Immediate effect of orthopedic shoe and functional foot orthosis on center of pressure displacement and gait parameters in juvenile flexible flat foot

Prosthetics and Orthotics International ◽

10.1177/0309364613496111 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 218-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Atefeh Aboutorabi ◽

Hassan Saeedi ◽

Mohammad Kamali ◽

Behshid Farahmand ◽

Arezoo Eshraghi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Walking Speed ◽

Center Of Pressure ◽

Step Length ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Flat Foot ◽

Gait Symmetry ◽

Gait Parameters ◽

Walking Velocity ◽

Foot Orthosis

Background:Flat foot in children is a common deformity in which the medial longitudinal arch is reduced or eliminated.Objectives:The objective of this article was to compare flat foot and healthy children on the displacement of the center of pressure and walking parameters in children with two common orthoses (functional foot orthosis and medical shoe).Study design:Comparative study.Methods:This study included 30 children with flat foot and 20 healthy children as a control group. The step length and width, walking velocity, symmetry, and center of pressure (CoP) displacements were recorded and compared for three conditions: functional foot orthosis and regular shoe, a medical shoe and barefoot.Results:The results from the CoP displacements showed that the regular shoe with functional foot orthosis caused a significant decrease in the level of displacement of the CoP in flat foot children. The findings indicated a significant improvement in symmetry of steps and walking speed with the functional foot orthosis in comparison to the medical shoe in flat foot children.Conclusion:The CoP displacement was decreased and the percentage of gait symmetry and walking speed were increased by the use of regular shoes with a functional foot orthosis in comparison to the medical shoes.Clinical relevanceAn orthopaedic shoe can be expensive, and in particular heavy with most children reluctant to wear it. This study focussed on the CoP displacement and selected gait parameters with an orthopaedic shoe and functional foot orthosis, and showed that a combined prescription of a functional foot orthosis and with regular shoes may be a useful alternative for children with moderate flat foot.

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PedCAT for 3D-imaging in standing position allows for more accurate bone position (angle) measurement than radiographs or CT

Foot and Ankle Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.fas.2014.04.004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 201-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 97

Author(s):

Martinus Richter ◽

Bernd Seidl ◽

Stefan Zech ◽

Sarah Hahn

Keyword(s):

3D Imaging ◽

Position Angle ◽

Standing Position ◽

Angle Measurement

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Semi-automatic Software-based 3D-Angular Measurement For Weight-Bearing CT (WBCT) is 97% Faster than Measurement by Hand and Provides Similar Angles

Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics ◽

10.1177/2473011420s00404 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 2473011420S0040

Author(s):

Martinus Richter ◽

Stefan Zech ◽

Stefan A. Meissner ◽

Issam Naef

Keyword(s):

Weight Bearing ◽

Position Angle ◽

3D Models ◽

Standing Position ◽

Angle Measurement ◽

Angular Measurement ◽

Total Process ◽

Automatic Software ◽

Haglund Deformity ◽

Conventional Ct

Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics Introduction/Purpose: Weight-bearing CT (WBCT) has been proven to allow for more precise and valid measurement of bone position (angles) than conventional weight-bearing radiographs (R) and conventional CT without weight-bearing (CT)1. The measurement by hand (MBH) has demonstrated adequate inter- and intraobserver reliability but high time consumption1. Recently, a semi-automatic software-based angular measurement (SAM) has been developed (Disior Ltd, Helsinki, Finland). The purpose of this study was to compare SAM with MBH regarding angles values and time spent for the investigator. Methods: Fifteen bilateral WBCT scans (PedCAT, Curvebeam, Warrington, PA, USA) were randomly extracted from a local institutional database with more than 13,000 scans. Nineteen angles as shown in table 1 were measured with MBH as previously described and with SAM1. SAM includes software generated 3D models with semi-automatic bone specification of tibia, fibula, talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid, cuneiforms and metatarsals. The software automatically defines the longitudinal axes of these bones and automatically measures the angles between these axes. The time spent of the investigator for the measurements was recorded (total process MBH and specification of bones for SAM). The software calculation time for SAM was not measured or considered as investigator time spent. The angles and time spent of MBH and SAM were compared (t-test, homoscedatic). Results: Mean age of the subject was 58 years (range, 7-81), 12 (40%) were male. The pathologies were bilateral in 8 (54%), right in 4 (27%) and left in 3 (20%) subjects (23 feet in total) and were specified as follows, ankle osteoarthritis/instability in 6 (26%), Haglund deformity/Achillodynia in 4 (17%), Forefoot deformity in 7 (30%), Charcot arthropathy in 2 (9%), flatfoot in 4 (17%) feet. The angles did not differ between MBH and SAM (Table 1, each p>.05). The time spent for MBH / SAM was 780+-171s / 20+-8 s on average in total for 19 angles and 41+-9s / 1+-0.4 s per angle (p<.01). Conclusion: This is the first study comparing MBH with SAM. SAM shows similar angles as MBH and can be also considered as reliable measurement option. The investigator time spent is 97% lower for SAM (1 s per angle) than for MBH (41 s per angle). SAM is an important step forward for 3D-angle measurement of WBCT. The next desired is fully automatic software-based measurement. References1. Richter M, Seidl B, Zech S, Hahn S. PedCAT for 3D-Imaging in Standing Position Allows for More Accurate Bone Position (Angle) Measurement than Radiographs or CT. Foot Ankle Surg 2014;20:201-7. [Table: see text]

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Pelvic congestion syndrome and left renal compression syndrome - clinical features and therapeutic approaches

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000538 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

pp. 275-282 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Christina Jeanneret ◽

Konstantin Beier ◽

Alexander von Weymarn ◽

Jürg Traber

Keyword(s):

Varicose Veins ◽

Left Renal Vein ◽

Standing Position ◽

Ovarian Vein ◽

Pelvic Congestion Syndrome ◽

Compression Syndrome ◽

Abstract Knowledge ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Definition Of ◽

Pelvic Congestion

Abstract. Knowledge of the anatomy of the pelvic, gonadal and renal veins is important to understand pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) and left renal vein compression syndrome (LRCS), which is also known as the nutcracker syndrome. LRCS is related to PCS and to the presence of vulvar, vaginal and pudendal varicose veins. The diagnosis of the two syndromes is difficult, and usually achieved with CT- or phlebography. The gold standard is the intravenous pressure measurement using conventional phlebography. The definition of PCS is described as pelvic pain, aggravated in the standing position and lasting for more than 6 months. Pain in the left flank and microhaematuria is seen in patients with LRCS. Women with multiple pregnancies are at increased risk of developing varicose vein recurrences with pelvic drainage and ovarian vein reflux after crossectomy and stripping of the great saphenous vein. The therapeutic options are: conservative treatment (medroxyprogesteron) or interventional (coiling of the ovarian vein) or operative treatment (clipping of the ovarian vein). Controlled prospective trials are needed to find the best treatment.

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Untersuchung eines Lähmungspatientenkollektivs vor und nach der Versorgung durch eine Knee-Ancle-Foot-Orthosis (KAFO) mit einem standphasenkontrollierten Kniegelenk (SCO)

10.1055/s-0039-1685112 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

PD Kienast

Keyword(s):

Foot Orthosis

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Path Tracking Controller Design of Automatic Guided Vehicle Based on Four-Wheeled Omnidirectional Motion Model

International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering ◽

10.15282/ijame.17.2.2020.18.0599 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 7996-8010

Author(s):

X. Wu ◽

Y. Yang

Keyword(s):

Control System ◽

Fuzzy Controller ◽

Controller Design ◽

Threshold Value ◽

Position Angle ◽

Path Tracking ◽

Global Coordinate System ◽

Automatic Guided Vehicle ◽

Input Variables ◽

Industrial Pc

This paper presents a new design of omnidirectional automatic guided vehicle based on a hub motor, and proposes a joint controller for path tracking. The proposed controller includes two parts: a fuzzy controller and a multi-step predictive optimal controller. Firstly, based on various steering conditions, the kinematics model of the whole vehicle and the pose (position, angle) model in the global coordinate system are introduced. Secondly, based on the modeling, the joint controller is designed. Lateral deviation and course deviation are used as the input variables of the control system, and the threshold value is switched according to the value of the input variable to realise the correction of the large range of posture deviation. Finally, the joint controller is implemented by using the industrial PC and the self-developed control system based on the Freescale minimum system. Path tracking experiments were made under the straight and circular paths to test the ability of the joint controller for reducing the pose deviation. The experimental results show that the designed guided vehicle has excellent ability to path tracking, which meets the design goals.

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