Real-Time Aeration Efficiency Monitoring in the Activated Sludge Process and Methods to Reduce Energy Consumption and Operating Costs

2009 ◽  
Vol 81 (12) ◽  
pp. 2471-2481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Yuan Leu ◽  
Diego Rosso ◽  
Lory E. Larson ◽  
Michael K. Stenstrom
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Aeration Efficiency ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption

scholarly journals Retrofit pada Bangunan Komersial: Tinjauan Masalah dan Metode

Arsitektura ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Annisa Fikriyah Tasya ◽  
Purwanita Setijanti ◽  
Asri Dinapradipta
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Commercial Buildings ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Valuation Process ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption

<p class="Abstract"><em>At present energy efficiency is the main target to reduce building operating costs and achieve sustainability. The use of energy in buildings can be done through retrofitting. In addition, retrofitting has the potential to reduce carbon emissions, but there are also those who have to release some building features if necessary, energy features that are applied to existing buildings that have been issued to carry out renovations. Building reinforcement is a complex act, with various criteria that must be met with each other to achieve sustainable use of buildings. This article discusses the benefits, criteria, analytic methods, and decision making processes used to improve commercial buildings. The main criteria for increased energy consumption. Some other criteria are building materials, economy and occupants' needs. The analytical method for estimating or measuring the increase in retrofit that will be discussed in this article is a simulation of building energy. This method is widely used because it can predict the condition of buildings in the future. Each retrofit step is chosen and approved by the several factors; regulations, risks, business sustainability, knowledge, awareness and occupant demand. The retrofit valuation process is based on the value at which financial performance is taken into account. Retrofitting carried out on commercial buildings, applied with care, not only provides opportunities to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions, but can also increase the value of these properties.</em><em></em></p>

Research on Path Optimization of Automated Warehouse Based on Ant Colony Algorithm

2011 ◽  
Vol 201-203 ◽  
pp. 1112-1115
Author(s):  
Hao Ping Li ◽  
Zi Fan Fang ◽  
Ying Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Ant Colony Algorithm ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Ant Colony ◽  
Path Optimization ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption

Based on analysis of the cargo selecting strategy of fixed shelf automated warehouse, the idea of path optimization is put forward and the stacker path optimization method is studied. A mathematical model of stacker operation path optimization is built to minimize the length of operation path and the operation time. The model is solved by using the ant colony optimization method. Simulation shows that chosen stacker operation path by using the optimization model and optimization algorithm, can not only reduce energy consumption and warehouse operating costs, but also improve the efficiency of goods storage.

The use of the kaldnes suspended carrier process in treatment of wastewaters from the forest industry

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Dalentoft ◽  
Peter Thulin
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Combination Process ◽  
In Series ◽  
Suspended Carrier ◽  
Highly Loaded ◽  
Pilot Plant Study

One pilot plant study and two full scale studies have been carried out seeking for the optimal use of the Kaldnes suspended carrier process in treatment of wastewaters from the forest industry. The wastewater used in all three cases came from secondary fiber mills. The studies show that the Kaldnes process as a highly loaded stage (typically 15-25 kg COD/m3·d) in series with an activated sludge stage forms an efficient, stable and competitive combination process both regarding investment and operating costs. This is especially true when treating wastewaters with a composition that makes them unsuited for treatment in an activated sludge process. The flexibility and compactness of the Kaldnes suspended carrier process also makes it an ideal choice for upgrading of existing treatment plants.

Ammonia-based aeration control with optimal SRT control: improved performance and lower energy consumption

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Schraa ◽  
Leiv Rieger ◽  
Jens Alex ◽  
Ivan Miletić
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Total Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Supervisory Controller ◽  
Total Ammonia ◽  
Aeration Control

Abstract Ammonia-based aeration control (ABAC) is a cascade control concept for controlling total ammonia nitrogen (NHx-N) in the activated sludge process. Its main goals are to tailor the aeration intensity to the NHx-N loading and to maintain consistent nitrification, to meet effluent limits but minimize energy consumption. One limitation to ABAC is that the solids retention time (SRT) control strategy used at a water resource recovery facility (WRRF) may not be consistent with the goals of ABAC. ABAC-SRT control is a strategy for aligning the goals of ammonia-based aeration control and SRT control. A supervisory controller is used to ensure that the SRT is always optimal for ABAC. The methodology has the potential to reduce aeration energy consumption by over 30% as compared to traditional dissolved oxygen (DO) control. Practical implementation aspects are highlighted for implementation at full scale, such as proper selection of the set point for the supervisory controller, proper calculation of the rate of change in sludge inventory, using a mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) controller, and tuning of the controllers. In conclusion, ABAC-SRT is a promising approach for coordinated control of SRT, total ammonia nitrogen, and dissolved oxygen in the activated sludge process that balances both treatment performance and energy savings.

scholarly journals What goes on behind closed doors?

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Sintov ◽  
Ellen Dux ◽  
Agassi Tran ◽  
Michael Orosz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Electricity Use ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the impact of a competition-based intervention combining high-resolution electricity feedback, incentives, information and prompts on college dormitory residents’ energy consumption and participation in demand response events. The authors also investigated changes in individual-level pro-environmental behaviors and examined psychosocial correlates of behavior change. Design/methodology/approach Residents of 39 suites in a freshman residence hall competed against one another to reduce energy consumption and win prizes as part of a three-week competition. Feedback was provided in near real-time at the suite-level via an interactive touch-screen kiosk. Participants also completed baseline and follow-up surveys. Findings Electricity use among all suites was approximately 6.4 per cent lower during the competition period compared to baseline, a significant reduction. Additionally, participants reported engaging in various pro-environmental behaviors significantly more frequently during the competition relative to baseline. Changes in pro-environmental behavior were associated with changes in level of group identification and perceived social norms. Practical implications In three weeks, dormitory residents saved 3,158 kWh of electricity compared to baseline – the equivalent of more than 3,470 pounds of carbon dioxide emissions. The findings provide evidence that real-time feedback, combined with incentives, information and prompts, can motivate on-campus residents to reduce energy consumption. Originality/value The authors contribute to a limited body of evidence supporting the effectiveness of dorm energy competitions in motivating college students to save energy. In addition, the authors identified individual-level behavioral and psychosocial changes made during such an intervention. University residential life planners may also use the results of this research to inform student programming.

Operational results and experience with submerged fixed-film reactors in the pretreatment of industrial effluents

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 453-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Schlegel ◽  
B. Teichgräber
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Oxygen Transfer Rate ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Structural Requirements ◽  
Fixed Film ◽  
Film Reactor

Submerged fixed-film reactors are ideal for the pretreatment of industrial effluents. The advantages lie not only in the investment costs, but also in the operating costs. The pretreatment plants can be subject to higher loads than are possible with the activated sludge process. Consequently, considerably less space is required. And, last but not least, it is also possible to treat normally non-degradable industrial effluents. The prerequisites are that system-related general structural requirements are fulfilled and suitable materials are used for the fixed-film reactor. They also offer considerable advantages in terms of operation compared to the activated sludge process, since both a higher oxygen transfer rate and yield are achieved, less sludge is produced and fewer personnel are required. All in all, the upstream submerged fixed-film reactor has proven to be an extremely reliable process, requiring little maintenance, that can cope, to a far-reaching degree, with load fluctuations of all types and reduce these. As a result, the operation of downstream treatment stages is also stabilized.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document