DISTRIBUTION OF ACTIVATING NEURONS IN MEDULLA OBLONGATA BY STIMULATION OF THE VAGUS NERVE

1960 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 147-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyoshi URABE ◽  
Takashi TSUBOKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Stimulation Of

Localization of Spontaneous Respiratory Neuronal Activities in the Medulla Oblongata of the Cat: A New Location of the Expiratory Center

1957 ◽  
Vol 190 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Haber ◽  
Kurt W. Kohn ◽  
S. H. Ngai ◽  
D. A. Holaday ◽  
S. C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Reticular Formation ◽  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Electric Stimulation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Twin Beam ◽  
New Location ◽  
Stimulation Of

Medulla oblongata of 80 vagotomized cats was explored with microelectrodes. Spontaneous respiratory neuronal activities and chest movements were recorded simultaneously with a twin beam cathode ray oscilloscope. It was found that inspiratory discharges are concentrated in the reticular formation between 3 mm rostral and 1 mm caudal to the level of the obex, which corresponds approximately to the inspiratory region of Pitts, Magoun and Ranson. On the other hand, expiratory discharges are not obtained in Pitts' expiratory area, but are found in a circumscribed region in the reticular formation from the level of the obex to 3 mm caudally. Electric stimulation of this region has been found recently by Ngai and Wang to yield marked expiratory spasm. It is concluded that the expiratory center is located caudally to the inspiratory center in the cat. The spontaneous respiratory neuronal discharges continue with no alterations of pattern of firing during drug-induced respiratory paralysis, and are increased both in number and in frequency during CO2 inhalation. Stimulation of the vagus nerve with 50 shocks/sec. reduces inspiratory discharges and prolongs the duration of expiratory discharges.

Vasopressin secretion after stimulation of abdominal vagus in rabbit: role of A1 norepinephrine neurons

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (6) ◽  
pp. R1885-R1890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. J. Gieroba ◽  
W. W. Blessing
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Vagal Stimulation ◽  
Vagal Afferents ◽  
Neuronal Function ◽  
Plasma Vasopressin ◽  
Vasopressin Secretion ◽  
Stimulation Of

We determined whether electrical stimulation of the abdominal vagus nerve causes secretion of vasopressin in the rabbit and whether inhibition of neuronal function in the A1 region of the medulla oblongata impairs this secretion. In urethan-anesthetized rabbits, electrical stimulation of the abdominal vagus (5-min train of cathodal pulses, 0.5 ms duration, 20 Hz, 0.5-1 mA) increased plasma vasopressin from 37 +/- 8 to 133 +/- 19 pg/ml (P < 0.01, n = 11). Prior section of the cervical vagus completely prevented the increase seen with stimulation of the abdominal vagus. Injecting the inhibitory agent muscimol (1 nmol) 2 mm dorsal to the A1 area did not significantly reduce the vasopressin response to abdominal vagal stimulation. However, when muscimol was injected into the A1 area, the vagally mediated increase in plasma vasopressin was completely prevented. Our results show that stimulation of abdominal vagal afferents causes secretion of vasopressin in the rabbit via a central pathway that includes neurons in the A1 area.

scholarly journals Selective stimulation of the ferret abdominal vagus nerve with multi-contact nerve cuff electrodes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Shulgach ◽  
Dylan W. Beam ◽  
Ameya C. Nanivadekar ◽  
Derek M. Miller ◽  
Stephanie Fulton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Evoked Responses ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Selective Stimulation ◽  
Nerve Cuff ◽  
Cuff Electrodes ◽  
Nerve Cuff Electrodes ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractDysfunction and diseases of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are a major driver of medical care. The vagus nerve innervates and controls multiple organs of the GI tract and vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) could provide a means for affecting GI function and treating disease. However, the vagus nerve also innervates many other organs throughout the body, and off-target effects of VNS could cause major side effects such as changes in blood pressure. In this study, we aimed to achieve selective stimulation of populations of vagal afferents using a multi-contact cuff electrode wrapped around the abdominal trunks of the vagus nerve. Four-contact nerve cuff electrodes were implanted around the dorsal (N = 3) or ventral (N = 3) abdominal vagus nerve in six ferrets, and the response to stimulation was measured via a 32-channel microelectrode array (MEA) inserted into the left or right nodose ganglion. Selectivity was characterized by the ability to evoke responses in MEA channels through one bipolar pair of cuff contacts but not through the other bipolar pair. We demonstrated that it was possible to selectively activate subpopulations of vagal neurons using abdominal VNS. Additionally, we quantified the conduction velocity of evoked responses to determine what types of nerve fibers (i.e., Aδ vs. C) responded to stimulation. We also quantified the spatial organization of evoked responses in the nodose MEA to determine if there is somatotopic organization of the neurons in that ganglion. Finally, we demonstrated in a separate set of three ferrets that stimulation of the abdominal vagus via a four-contact cuff could selectively alter gastric myoelectric activity, suggesting that abdominal VNS can potentially be used to control GI function.

Electrical Stimulation of the Vagus Nerve Modulates the Development of Oxygen Epilepsy in Rabbits

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-351
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Zhilyaev ◽  
A. N. Moskvin ◽  
T. F. Platonova ◽  
I. T. Demchenko
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals STUDIES WITH THE ELECTROCARDIOGRAPH ON THE ACTION OF THE VAGUS NERVE ON THE HUMAN HEART

1911 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Canby Robinson ◽  
George Draper
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Mechanical Stimulation ◽  
Human Heart ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Vagus Stimulation ◽  
Ventricular Systole ◽  
Constant Change ◽  
The Right ◽  
Stimulation Of

In hearts showing auricular fibrillation mechanical stimulation of the right vagus nerve causes, as a rule, marked slowing or stoppage of ventricular rhythm, without producing any appreciable effect in the electrocardiographic record of the auricular fibrillation. The ventricular pauses are apparently due to the blocking of stimuli from the auricles. The force of ventricular systole is distinctly weakened for several beats after vagus stimulation, and ectopic ventricular systoles have been seen in several instances, apparently the result of the vagus action. There may, in some cases, be lowered excitability of the ventricles, while no constant change is seen in the size of the electrical complexes representing ventricular systole.

Prolonged Apnea, Vagal Overactivity, and Sudden Infant Death

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-755
Author(s):  
David S. Bachman
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Vagal Stimulation ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Prolonged Apnea ◽  
Stimulation Of

The article on prolonged apnea and the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) by Steinschneider1 is very exciting in that it suggests the possibility of identifying infants at risk from SIDS before the final event. Obviously, it is of great importance to learn the mechanism causing the preceding apneic episodes. Do they represent vagal overactivity? Stimulation of the intact vagus nerve in the unanesthetized monkey causes apnea, as well as bradycardia and even arrhythmias.2 In fact, we have seen myocardial myocytolysis secondary to vagal stimulation.3

Functional anatomy of the vagal innervation of the cervical trachea of the dog

2000 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Coon ◽  
Patrick J. Mueller ◽  
Philip S. Clifford
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Neural Control ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Cuff Pressure ◽  
Vagal Innervation ◽  
Cervical Trachea ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Vagus ◽  
Stimulation Of

The canine cervical trachea has been used for numerous studies regarding the neural control of tracheal smooth muscle. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether there is lateral dominance by either the left or right vagal innervation of the canine cervical trachea. In anesthetized dogs, pressure in the cuff of the endotracheal tube was used as an index of smooth muscle tone in the trachea. After establishment of tracheal tone, as indicated by increased cuff pressure, either the right or left vagus nerve was sectioned followed by section of the contralateral vagus. Sectioning the right vagus first resulted in total loss of tone in the cervical trachea, whereas sectioning the left vagus first produced either a partial or no decrease in tracheal tone. After bilateral section of the vagi, cuff pressure was recorded during electrical stimulation of the rostral end of the right or left vagus. At the maximum current strength used, stimulation of the left vagus produced tracheal constriction that averaged 28.5% of the response to stimulation of the right vagus (9.0 ± 1.8 and 31.6 ± 2.5 mmHg, respectively). In conclusion, the musculature of cervical trachea in the dog appears to be predominantly controlled by vagal efferents in the right vagus nerve.

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