92. Anterior Vertebral Body Fusion on Cervical Spine and Lumbar Spine

Object Congenital cervical and lumbar stenosis occurs when the bony anatomy of the spinal canal is smaller than expected, predisposing an individual to symptomatic neural compression. While tandem stenosis is known to occur in 5%–25% of individuals, it is not known whether this relationship is due to an increased risk of degenerative disease in these individuals or whether this finding is due to the tandem presence of a congenitally small cervical and lumbar canal. The purpose of the present study was to determine if the presence of congenital cervical stenosis is associated with congenital lumbar stenosis. Methods One thousand seventy-two adult skeletal specimens from the Hamann-Todd Collection in the Cleveland Museum of Natural History were selected. The canal area at each level was calculated using a formula that was verified by computerized measurements. Values that were 2 standard deviations below the mean were considered to represent congenitally stenotic regions. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the association between the sum of canal areas at all levels in the cervical and lumbar spine. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios for congenital stenosis in one area if congenital stenosis was present in the other. Results A positive association was found between the additive area of all cervical (that is, the sum of C3–7) and lumbar (that is, the sum of L1–5) levels (p < 0.01). A positive association was also found between the number of cervical and lumbar levels affected by congenital stenosis (p < 0.01). Logistic regression also demonstrated a significant association between congenital stenosis in the cervical and lumbar spine, with an odds ratio of 0.2 (p < 0.05). Conclusions Based on the authors' findings in a large population of adult skeletal specimens, it appears that congenital stenosis of the cervical spine is associated with congenital stenosis of the lumbar spine. Thus, the presence of tandem stenosis appears to be, at least in part, related to the tandem presence of a congenitally small cervical and lumbar canal.

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Common Neurosurgical Procedures

Medical Management of Neurosurgical Patients ◽

10.1093/med/9780190913779.003.0001 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Kevin Hines ◽

Stavropoula Tjoumakaris ◽

Pascal M. Jabbour ◽

Robert H. Rosenwasser ◽

M. Reid Gooch

Keyword(s):

Cervical Spine ◽

Lumbar Spine ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Medical Management ◽

Neurosurgical Procedures ◽

Ventriculoperitoneal Shunting ◽

Neurosurgical Patient ◽

Neurosurgical Patients

Medical management of the neurosurgical patient can be complicated. These patients may suffer from a difficult neurosurgical pathology while still living with challenging comorbidities. As a result, this population often requires cooperation between multiple teams including neurosurgeons, neurologists, neurointensivists, and hospitalists. In this chapter, the authors review common neurosurgical procedures that the neurohospitalist encounters, including ventriculoperitoneal shunting, craniotomy and craniectomy, cervical spine decompression with or without fusion, lumbar spine decompression and/or fusion, and cerebral angiograms. The authors aim to highlight the methodology, indications, and issues of perioperative medical management. Understanding these procedures is vital to minimizing adverse events and providing the best possible care for neurosurgical patients.

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Distribution of Young's modulus at various sampling points in a human lumbar spine vertebral body

The Spine Journal ◽

10.1016/j.spinee.2020.06.013 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (11) ◽

pp. 1861-1875 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Małgorzata Barbara Ogurkowska ◽

Anna Błaszczyk

Keyword(s):

Lumbar Spine ◽

Young’S Modulus ◽

Vertebral Body ◽

Young's Modulus ◽

Human Lumbar Spine ◽

Sampling Points

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Clinical Significance of Radiological Stability in Reconstructed Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Following Vertebral Body Resection

Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society ◽

10.3340/jkns.2014.56.4.323 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 323 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sang-Hyun Sung ◽

Ung-Kyu Chang

Keyword(s):

Lumbar Spine ◽

Clinical Significance ◽

Vertebral Body ◽

Thoracic And Lumbar Spine

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Hemangiopericytoma-like synovial sarcoma of the lumbar spine

Journal of Neurosurgery Spine ◽

10.3171/spi.2006.4.2.179 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 179-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Nikolaos Sakellaridis ◽

Helen Mahera ◽

Spiros Pomonis

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Cervical Spine ◽

Lumbar Spine ◽

Synovial Sarcoma ◽

Spindle Cell ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Spindle Cell Tumor ◽

Deep Soft Tissue ◽

Pathological Characteristics ◽

The Brain

✓The purpose of this report is to demonstrate that synovial sarcoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of tumors originating from the lumbar spine, especially if they show hemangiopericytoma-like pathological characteristics. A synovial sarcoma is a mesenchymal spindle cell tumor that displays variable epithelial differentiation including glandular formation. It is unrelated to a synovium. More than 80% of these lesions arise in the deep soft tissue of the extremities. The tumor frequently arises adjacent to joints or tendon sheaths. The authors describe a young woman with a hemangiopericytoma-like tumor of the lumbar spine. During repeated operation, this lesion was shown to be a synovial sarcoma, which had invaded the dura mater. The tumor metastasized to the mediastinum and the intradural cervical spine and, finally, to the brain and the lungs. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of a synovial sarcoma originating from the lumbar spine.

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Effects of Vertebral Body Changes on Cervical Spine Load Sharing

Advances in Bioengineering ◽

10.1115/imece2002-32594 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

Jiangyue Zhang ◽

Narayan Yoganandan ◽

Frank A. Pintar

Keyword(s):

Cervical Spine ◽

Young’S Modulus ◽

Vertebral Body ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Young's Modulus ◽

Compressive Force ◽

Axial Compressive Force ◽

Inferior Surface ◽

Biomechanical Behavior ◽

Young’S Modulus Of Elasticity

The objective of the study was to determine the effects of changes in the Young’s modulus of elasticity of the cancellous bone that occur due to the ageing process on the biomechanical behavior of the cervical spine. An anatomically accurate three-dimensional (3-D) nonlinear finite element model of the C4-C5-C6 cervical spinal unit was used. The inferior surface of the C6 vertebrae was fixed in all degrees of freedom, and external loads were applied to the top surface of the C4 vertebra. The model was exercised under an axial compressive force of 754 N. In addition, flexion and extension bending moments of 3.44 Nm were applied individually to the model. The effects of ageing on bone strength were simulated by decreasing the Young’s modulus of elasticity from 100 MPa in the healthy spine to 40 MPa in the degenerated spine. The degenerated spine was found to be more flexible than the healthy spine. In addition, the degenerated spine responded with increased forces in the outer anterior and posterior regions of the vertebral body. Furthermore, forces in the facet joints increased in the degenerated spine. In contrast, the middle region of the disc showed decreased forces. These increases in the forces leading to stress risers may explain the occurrence of osteophytes in the spine with age.

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