scholarly journals Determination of perceived psychological maltreatment level in pregnant women

Author(s):  
Kübra GÜZEL ◽  
Bihter AKIN
1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Kecskés ◽  
F. Mutschler ◽  
I. Glós ◽  
E. Thán ◽  
I. Farkas ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT 1. An indirect paperchromatographic method is described for separating urinary oestrogens; this consists of the following steps: acidic hydrolysis, extraction with ether, dissociation of phenol-fractions with partition between the solvents. Previous purification of phenol fraction with the aid of paperchromatography. The elution of oestrogen containing fractions is followed by acetylation. Oestrogen acetate is isolated by re-chromatography. The chromatogram was developed after hydrolysis of the oestrogens 'in situ' on the paper. The quantity of oestrogens was determined indirectly, by means of an iron-reaction, after the elution of the iron content of the oestrogen spot, which was developed by the Jellinek-reaction. 2. The method described above is satisfactory for determining urinary oestrogen, 17β-oestradiol and oestriol, but could include 16-epioestriol and other oestrogenic metabolites. 3. The sensitivity of the method is 1.3–1.6 μg/24 hours. 4. The quantitative and qualitative determination of urinary oestrogens with the above mentioned method was performed in 50 pregnant and 9 non pregnant women, and also in 2 patients with granulosa cell tumour.


1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1099-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikuláš Chavko ◽  
Michal Bartík ◽  
Evžen Kasafírek

A polarographic study of the hydrolysis of [8-lysine]vasopressin and some hormonogens of the vasopressin series with the blood serum of women in the last week of pregnancy was studied. The dependence of hydrolysis on pH (pH optimum: 7.4-7.50, substrate concentration (Km 1.2 . 10-5M), pH stability and thermal stability were determined. The rate of hydrolysis of individual vasopressin analogues decreases in the order: [8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-glycyl-prolyl[8-lysine]-vasopressin > Nα-leucyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-alanyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-phenyl alanyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-diglycyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-prolyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-triglycyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-sarcosyl-glycyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin. The degree of hydrolysis gradually increases to a multiple with the length of the pregnancy in consequence of the presence of oxytocine. However, vasopressin is also hydrolysed to a small extent with the enzymes from the blood sera of non-pregnant women. Under similar analytical conditions oxytocin was not hydrolysed with the sera of non-pregnant women and therefore oxytocin is a more suitable substrate than vasopressin for polarographic determination of serum oxytocinase.


1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Obregon ◽  
A Kurtz ◽  
R Ekins ◽  
G Morreale de Escobar

Abstract We assessed a commercial kit (Corning Medical) for "free" and total thyroxine determination, results being compared to those obtained by the Ekins and Ellis dialysis method (free thyroxine) and the method of Weeke and Orskov (total thyroxine). The kit procedure permits determination of both free and total thyroxine within 4 to 5 h, and the combined results may disclose changes in binding to plasma proteins that would be missed if only free thyroxine were determined. With both free-thyroxine methods, the values distinguished hyperthyroid patients from normal controls and pregnant women with 100% accuracy, but there was some overlap between hypothyroid patients and controls. Absolute values with the kit procedure often exceed those obtained by dialysis, especially for hypothyroid patients and pregnant women. We conclude that the kit may be of as much diagnostic value as the dialysis method if the limitations regarding absolute values are kept in mind and the test is not used as a substitute for thyrotropin determinations in cases of suspected hypothyroidism.


2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-515

A considerable number of diseases are directly related to environmental impact. Toxic metals such as Hg, Pb, Cd, and As may damage significantly the human health when they exceed certain levels in the body. For example specific precautions should be taken for the diet of pregnant women and the children. Lead concentrations exceeding the safe values can cause severe damage to the development of central nervous system, as well as a general developmental delay of fetuses and young children, interfering with the functioning of almost every brain neurotransmitter. In particular for the pregnant women, it has been found that the exposure of the fetus on high lead values may cause, apart from neurological and behavioral problems, low birth weight, pre-term delivery, spontaneous abortion and stillbirth. Organic mercury (methyl mercury) is the most dangerous form of mercury, because it is the most easily absorbed orally and crosses into the brain and fetus so readily. Populations exposed to chemical compounds containing As, Ni, Cr, Cd, etc. are considered of high-risk in developing cancer. Environmental geochemical studies can help in assessing the quality of the environment as well as the determination of the sources of pollutants, their behaviour and other characteristics. This knowledge is necessary in any application of remediation methodologies and waste management for the prevention of pollutants in getting into the food chain. It is also used in determining safe criteria regarding the quality of soils, drinking water, construction of schools, playgrounds etc. In this work the importance of environmental geochemical research and its applications towards the protection of human health is demonstrated.


2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Fabian Audu Ugbe ◽  
Victoria Abiola Ikudayisi ◽  
Oluwagbemiga Tayo Amusan

This research was aimed at investigating the concentration of Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) in some commercial fruits juices: ‘5’ Alive, Hollandia yoghurt, Nutri milk, Ribena, Lacasera, Happy hour, Viju milk, Chi exotic and Chi vita sold in Ugbokolo, Benue State, Nigeria by titrimetric method using 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP) as titrant. The ascorbic acid (AA) content in milligram per 100ml of the various juices investigated is in the order: ‘5’ Alive (11.25) > Ribena (5.47) > nutri milk (5.31) > Happy hour (4.38) > Hollandia yoghurt (1.25) > Lacasera (0.47) ≈ Chi exotic (0.47) >Viju milk (0.31) > Chi vita (0.16). It was observed that half a litre of ‘5’ Alive (56.25 mg AA) a day is suitable for adults and pregnant women, a liter each of Ribena  (54.70 mg AA) and Nutri milk (53.10 mg AA) per day for adults, while a litre of Happy hour (43.80 mg AA) per day is suitable for adolescents. It can be concluded that commercial fruits juices when taken in large amount will add to the daily human dietary intake of the vitamin.


10.2196/19119 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e19119
Author(s):  
Oraporn Dumrongwongsiri ◽  
Pattanee Winichagoon ◽  
Nalinee Chongviriyaphan ◽  
Umaporn Suthutvoravut ◽  
Veit Grote ◽  
...  

Background Zinc and iron deficiencies among breastfed infants during the first 6 months of life have been reported in previous studies. The amounts of zinc and iron intakes from breast milk are factors that contribute to the zinc and iron status of breastfed infants. Objective This study aims to quantitatively determine zinc and iron intakes by breastfed infants during the first 4 months of life and to investigate the factors that predict zinc and iron status in breastfed infants. Methods Pregnant women at 28 to 34 weeks of gestation were enrolled. Zinc and iron status during pregnancy was assessed. At delivery, cord blood was analyzed for zinc and iron levels. Participants and their babies were followed at 2 and 4 months postpartum. Maternal dietary intakes and anthropometric measurements were performed. The amount of breast milk intake was assessed using the deuterium oxide dose-to-mother technique. Breast milk samples were collected for determination of zinc and iron levels. The amount of zinc and iron consumed by infants was calculated. Zinc and iron status was determined in mothers and infants at 4 months postpartum. Results A total of 120 pregnant women were enrolled, and 80 mother-infant pairs completed the study (56 provided full breastfeeding, and 24 provided breast milk with infant formula). All data are being managed and cleaned. Statistical analysis will be done. Conclusions This study will provide information on zinc and iron intakes in exclusively breastfed infants during the first 4 months of life and explore predictive factors and the possible association of zinc and iron intakes with infant growth and nutrient status. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/19119


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