scholarly journals KEADILAN BAGI PENYALAHGUNA NARKOTIKA DI INDONESIA

Arena Hukum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-499
Author(s):  
Rita Komalasari ◽  
Nurhayati Nurhayati ◽  
Cecep Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Judicial Discretion ◽  
Drug Offenders ◽  
Sociological Factors ◽  
Sentencing Decisions

This article presents the perceptions of Indonesian Judges in sentencing minor drug offenders. The judge holds a central role in the sentencing process, and because of the judicial discretion they can use it is essential to understand how judges come to their sentencing decisions. To develop an understanding of how judges perceive their actions in decision-making and sentencing of drug users, a total of 31 participants were interviewed. The data demonstrated that justice is presented as conditional, depending on various influencing factors that are primarily, though not entirely, one of tension and contradiction. One of the factors that influence the judge's decision is politics and the legal apparatus. This article contributes to the perception of judges who are influenced by juridical and sociological factors.

scholarly journals THE PERCEPTIONS OF INDONESIAN JUDGES IN SENTENCING MINOR DRUG OFFENDERS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Cecep Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Judicial Discretion ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Structural Inequality ◽  
Drug Offenders ◽  
Legal Structure ◽  
Sentencing Decisions ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Drug Prohibition

This paper presents the perceptions of Indonesian Judges in sentencing minor drug offenders. The judge holds a central role in the sentencing process, and because of the judicial discretion they can use it is essential to understand how judges come to their sentencing decisions. To develop an understanding of how judges perceive their actions in decision-making and sentencing of drug users, a total of 31 participants were interviewed. The data demonstrated that the majority of minor drug offenders are from poorer backgrounds. Poverty was found to lead people to the drug culture. Moreover, lack of understanding of the harm caused by taking drugs and living under drug prohibition were considered as contributing factors to people involved in minor drug offences. Thus, minor drug offenders are considered by judges as victims of their circumstances. Within structural inequality, the imposition of harsh sentencing to minor drug offenders who suffer from socio-economic problems raises issues surrounding justice. Within the current legal structure of Indonesian courts, which are primarily retributive and have drug prohibitionist policies, the majority of participating judges consider drug sentencing as reflecting those prohibitionist policies. However, a substantial minority of participating judges interpreted the form of the sentence within available limits. These findings will contribute to the sociological understanding of the context in which judicial culture shaped the formation of the judiciary as a group and the impact of Islamic culture on the participating judge’s positive preference for rehabilitative problem-solving in the Indonesian context.

Supporting Responsive Federal Drug Sentencing Through Education in the Workshop on Science-Informed Decision Making

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Hon. Nancy Gertner ◽  
Dr. Judith Edersheim ◽  
Dr. Robert Kinscherff ◽  
Cassandra Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Informed Decision ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
Informed Decision Making ◽  
Sentencing Decisions ◽  
Federal Judiciary ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Federal Judges

On the federal level, judicial education in sentencing has been focused primarily on preparing judges to calculate and apply the Federal Sentencing Guidelines. But in an advisory guidelines context, making individualized assessments in drug cases requires education in the science of addictions, the drivers of behavior, and the prospects for behavior change when substances are involved. Neuroscience and the sciences of human behavior provide clarifying insight into substance-driven behaviors and cognitions that are routinely encountered in federal drug cases. These disciplines support individualized sentencing by shedding new light on the nature of inhibitory control, the reasonable expectations for relapse, and the distinctions that can be drawn based on science between different treatment interventions. In this Article, we report on the Workshop on Science-Informed Decision Making, an education initiative in the federal judiciary. Since 2016, it has provided education in neuroscience and behavioral science, as well as skills training in individualizing sentences using insights from that science, to U.S. district judges, magistrate judges, and pretrial services and probation officers in thirty-two federal districts. We describe the case-study-based instructional approach of the workshop, including some of the misconceptions about addiction behavior it addresses, and explain why we believe that this kind of education helps federal judges, and pretrial services and probation officers, craft more responsive sentencing decisions and recommendations.

scholarly journals Analysis of Influencing Factors Tourists’ Purchase Decision-making Behavior in Kunming

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Bin Feng ◽  
Hua Chen ◽  
Qinglei Li ◽  
Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
High Price ◽  
Purchase Decision ◽  
Shopping Experience ◽  
Countermeasures And Suggestions ◽  
Decision Making Behavior

Based on the theory of consumer behavior, this paper analyzes the current situation of tourism shopping market in Kunming, and analyzes the decision-making behavior of tourists shopping in Kunming with the questionnaire survey, and clarifies the influencing factors of the decision-making behavior of visitors to Kunming. In the future, the influencing factors of Kunming tourists' shopping decision-making behavior are combined with the current situation of Kunming's tourism shopping market. The problems of cheating-induced shopping, the high price of shopping products, the low level of tourism shopping experience and the imperfect after-sales service are analyzed. Finally, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are proposed from four aspects: rectifying the tourism shopping market, establishing a sound price supervision mechanism, strengthening the tourism shopping experience, and improving after-sales service.

scholarly journals Affective decision-making moderates the effects of automatic associations on alcohol use among drug offenders

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 534-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Cappelli ◽  
Susan Ames ◽  
Yusuke Shono ◽  
Mark Dust ◽  
Alan Stacy
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Offenders ◽  
Automatic Associations

Mineral Water Quality Influencing Factors in their Selection for Use

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
Mihai Demian ◽  
Gabriela Demian
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Mineral Waters ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Selection Of

The paper presents a way of selecting flat or carbonated mineral waters depending on the purpose for which it wishes to be used. A good mineral water must meet certain physical and chemical qualities at certain temperatures and have the appropriate pH to have the desired therapeutic effect. The analysis of the purpose for which the selection of mineral waters is desired results in the characteristics of the water to be analyzed, compared, and for which a weight of their influence in the decision-making is established. For selected waters, the characteristics receive scores that will in turn influence the selection of the recommended type of mineral water. The conclusions of the paper allow the establishment of a certain type of mineral water for the characteristics imposed by the desired purpose.

scholarly journals Identification of Key Influencing Factors of Sustainable Development for Traditional Power Generation Groups in a Market by Applying an Extended MCDM Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Dong ◽  
Dongran Liu ◽  
Dongxue Wang ◽  
Qi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Analytic Network Process ◽  
Fuzzy Decision Making ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Fuzzy Delphi

With the deepening reform of the power market, the external environment of China’s power industry is going through a huge change. China’s traditional power generation groups (TPGGs), with assets all over the country, are, due to a lack of market awareness about energy policies, facing serious challenges in developing competitive advantages, improving power transaction modes, optimizing profit models, and even realizing basic corporate strategies. In this study, we focus on identifying the key factors influencing sustainable development in an unprecedented market environment for TPGGs, so as to achieve overall sustainable development for the whole power generation sector in China. A hybrid framework based on Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) was proposed to recognize the key influencing factors under vague rule conditions. We developed a novel method combining three different MCDM methods with triangular fuzzy numbers (TFNs), fuzzy Delphi, fuzzy Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL), and Analytic Network Process (ANP), to cover uncertainty and make the problem-solving approach closer to the actual problem. A series of analyses indicate that the final 14 factors covering the five dimensions are considered to be important factors in the sustainable development of TPGGs. Based on the results, it can be said that “Gross energy margin” and “Pricing bidding strategy” dominate the impacts of TPGG’s sustainable development. Finally, we give some advice relating to practical measures to help TPGGs achieve sustainable development in the market-oriented industry environment.

TO STANDARDISE OR TO PATENT? DEVELOPMENT OF A DECISION MAKING TOOL AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR YOUNG COMPANIES

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (08) ◽  
pp. 1640020 ◽  
Author(s):  
NIZAR ABDELKAFI ◽  
SERGIY MAKHOTIN ◽  
MARINA THUNS ◽  
ANNA POHLE ◽  
KNUT BLIND
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Knowledge Diffusion ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Need Support ◽  
Knowledge Protection ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Intellectual Properties ◽  
Technology Resources ◽  
Decision Making Tool

Young companies need support concerning decisions related to intellectual properties. Entrepreneurs can resort to a menu of strategies, not only patenting. First, we explore the literature on standardisation and patenting and relate it to entrepreneurship to identify the internal and external influencing factors as well as the motives and risks related to decision making. Then, we conduct five case studies to explore these influencing factors, while trying to reconstruct the decision making process. We find five main factors: technology, resources, knowledge protection vs. knowledge diffusion, need for partnerships, and pace of innovation. Companies should use patents when their technology is patentable and knowledge protection is perceived essential. Standardisation is suitable when knowledge diffusion is more important than protection, and companies look for establishing new partnerships. These insights are integrated into a decision tree that provides guidance to young entrepreneurs to make an informed decision regarding intellectual properties.

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