scholarly journals COMPLICATED MIGRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Kadek Putri Paramita Abyuda ◽  
Shahdevi Nandar Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Disease ◽  
Severe Headache ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Complicated Migraine ◽  
Abortive Treatment ◽  
Migraine Pathophysiology ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
As Stress ◽  
The Brain

Migraine is a chronic paroxysmal neurological disease characterized by attacks of moderate or severe headache accompanied by reversible neurologic and systemic symptoms. Although not life threatening, migraine can cause disability in the productive population. Migraine sufferers generally have a family history of migraine so that migraine is considered a genetic disease. Endogenous psychological factors such as stress or fatigue are the main triggers for migraine. Migraine pathophysiology involves various parts of the brain so that migraine symptoms are complex. Management of acute migraine can be done pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically. Migraine preventive management is needed if the patient has a chronic migraine or does not respond to abortive treatment.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Basilar Artery Dissection: A Case Report and Literature Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (03) ◽  
pp. 235-238
Author(s):  
Marx Araújo ◽  
Benjamim Vale ◽  
Lívio Macêdo ◽  
João Vale ◽  
Paulo Gonçalves Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Basilar Artery ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Interventional Neuroradiology ◽  
Dissecting Aneurysm ◽  
Severe Headache ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain

AbstractSpontaneous basilar artery dissection is a rare condition and a diagnostic challenge with a high potential for morbidity and mortality if untreated. It has an estimated incidence of 1 to 1.5 cases per 100,000 people. Few cases have been described in the literature up to the present day. The clinical outcomes, prognosis and treatment remain uncertain. The authors report the rare case of a 55-year-old female patient who presented to the Interventional Neuroradiology service at Hospital São Marcos, Teresina, in the state of Piauí, Brazil, with a history of severe headache located in the occipital region and in the nape with no improvement using common analgesics. A magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a saccular dilatation in the basilar artery, and a digital cerebral angiography showed a basilar artery dissection associated with a dissecting aneurysm.

scholarly journals A Case of Unilateral Coccidioidal Chorioretinitis in a Patient with HIV-Associated Meningoencephalitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher B. Toomey ◽  
Andrew Gross ◽  
Jeffrey Lee ◽  
Doran B. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Blurry Vision ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
The Right

Intraocular coccidioidomycosis is a rare condition, with the most commonly reported presentation being an idiopathic iritis in patients who live in or have traveled thorough endemic areas. A paucity of reports exists describing the chorioretinal manifestations of coccidioidomycosis. Here we report a case of unilateral coccidioidal chorioretinitis and meningoencephalitis in an AIDS patient that led to near complete unilateral loss of vision. A 48-year-old Hispanic female with poorly controlled HIV/AIDS in southern California presented with a three-week history of headache, nausea, vomiting, right eye blurry vision, and a one-day history of subjective fever. Examination of the right eye revealed vitritis and several large chorioretinal lesions scattered throughout the periphery and macula with optic disc pallor. Serum coccidioidomycoses complement fixation (CF) was positive (titers of 1 : 256). Neuroimaging revealed a new area of enhancement in the left anterior frontal lobe consistent with meningoencephalitis. The patient was treated with intravenous fluconazole and intravitreal voriconazole with resolution of systemic symptoms and vitritis but persistence of unilateral, severe chorioretinal scarring and vision loss. In conclusion, in spite of the rarity of intraocular coccidioidomycosis, one must carry a degree of suspicion for this vision- and life-threatening condition as a potential etiology of chorioretinitis in individuals with pertinent risk factors.

scholarly journals Pfeifer-Weber-Christian Disease: A Case Report and Review of Literature on Visceral Involvements and Treatment Choices

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117954762091795
Author(s):  
Cinzia Rotondo ◽  
Addolorata Corrado ◽  
Natalia Mansueto ◽  
Daniela Cici ◽  
Fabrizio Corsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Involvement ◽  
Hypochromic Anemia ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Systemic Involvement ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Idiopathic Disease ◽  
Lobular Panniculitis

Pfeifer-Weber-Christian disease (PWCD) is a rare idiopathic disease characterized by lobular panniculitis of adipose tissue with systemic symptoms and multiple organ involvement. Even though the systemic involvement is rare, it is life-threatening and represent a treatment challenge for the clinicians. We report a case of PWCD characterized by hepatic, hematologic, and renal involvement, with good response to mofetil mycophenolate and prednisone treatment. A 47-year-old female presented several months’ history of painful subcutaneous nodules, fever and lymphadenopathy with recent appearing of microcytic hypochromic anemia, leucopenia with neutropenia, and increase in transaminase. Skin biopsy showed lobular panniculitis with lymph-histiocytic and neutrophilic infiltrates with necrosis of adipocytes. A combination therapy of corticosteroid with mofetil mycophenolate was effective. Moreover, we discuss the clinical manifestation and the therapeutic choices in PWCD, from classical immunosuppressive drugs to new biotechnological agents, and we provide a comprehensive review of the available literature.

scholarly journals Lamotrigine Induced DRESS Syndrome in a Child: A Case Report and Literature Review

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1063
Author(s):  
Chien-Heng Lin ◽  
Sheng-Shing Lin ◽  
Syuan-Yu Hong ◽  
Chieh-Ho Chen ◽  
I-Ching Chou
Keyword(s):  
Drug Reaction ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Skin Rash ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Anticonvulsant Drug ◽  
Dress Syndrome ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Epilepsy ◽  
Systemic Symptoms

Lamotrigine is an important anticonvulsant drug. Its use, however, has been limited by the risk of potentially life-threatening dermatological reactions, such as a drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). Here, we report the case of a 7-year-6-month-old girl with a history of epilepsy who developed a skin rash with dyspnoea after 2 weeks of lamotrigine treatment, with DRESS ultimately being diagnosed. After discontinuation of the offending drug and the initiation of systemic glucocorticosteroids, the DRESS symptoms were relieved and the patient was discharged in a stable condition. Anticonvulsant drugs such as lamotrigine are among the factors that induce DRESS in children. When a patient displays skin rash and systemic organ involvement following the initiation of an anticonvulsant drug, DRESS should not be overlooked as a diagnosis, and immunosuppressant drugs should be considered as an option for treating DRESS patients.

scholarly journals Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: The Hidden Enemy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Zahra Merzouk ◽  
Sara Oualim ◽  
Mohammed Sabry
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain ◽  
In Pregnancy

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is the most common cardiomyopathy in pregnancy. It is potentially life-threatening. It is, diagnosed in women without a history of heart disease 1 month before delivery or within 5 months. It is marked by heart failure and left ventricular dyshfunction. The evolution is favorable. LV function improves within 6 months in the majority of patients, but long-lasting mortality and morbidity are not infrequent. Recent work suggests the critical toxic role for late-gestational hormones on the maternal vasculature and the genetic underpinnings of PPCM. Complications include different types of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, heart failure and ischemic stroke. The brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) can be used to risk stratify women for adverse events. Management of peripartum cardiomyopathy is based on treatment of heart failure. The addition of bromocriptine seemed to improve LVEF. Close monitoring of pregnant women with cardiomyopathy by multidisciplinary team is recommended.

scholarly journals Lamotrigine induced DRESS syndrome in a child: a case report and literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Heng Lin ◽  
Sheng-Shing Lin ◽  
Syuan-Yu Hong ◽  
Chieh-Ho Chen ◽  
I-Ching Chou
Keyword(s):  
Drug Reaction ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Skin Rash ◽  
Anticonvulsant Drug ◽  
Dress Syndrome ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Epilepsy ◽  
Systemic Symptoms

Abstract BackgroundLamotrigine is an important anticonvulsant drug. Its use, however, has been limited by the risk of potentially life-threatening dermatological reactions, such as drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS).Case presentationHere, we report the case of a 7-year-6-month-old girl with a history of epilepsy who developed a skin rash with dyspnoea after 2 weeks of lamotrigine treatment, with DRESS ultimately being diagnosed. After discontinuation of the offending drug and the initiation of systemic glucocorticosteroids, the DRESS symptoms were relieved and the patient was discharged in stable condition.ConclusionAnticonvulsant drugs such as lamotrigine among the factors that induce DRESS in children. When a patient displays skin rash and systemic organ involvement following the initiation of an anticonvulsant drug, DRESS should not be overlooked as a diagnosis, and immunosuppressant drugs should be considered as an option for treating DRESS patients.

Spontaneous Arterial Subdural Hematoma

Neurosurgery ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael McDermott ◽  
Ross J. F. Fleming ◽  
Graham R. Vanderlinden ◽  
William S. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Dura Mater ◽  
Spontaneous Rupture ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Severe Headache ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Subdural Space ◽  
Small Artery ◽  
Subdural Hematomas ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain

Abstract The occurrence of spontaneous arterial subdural hematomas is very rare. We report five patients who presented with sudden severe headache and who developed progressive neurological deficits, two becoming comatose. None had a history of trauma. A diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage was suspected in all patients, but all proved to have subdural hematomas caused by “spontaneous” rupture of a cortical artery. Nineteen similar cases have been reported in the English literature. The source of bleeding was identified as a cortical artery located near the sylvian region in four of our five patients and in most of the reported cases. There are several possible anatomical situations that may predispose a cortical artery to “spontaneous” rupture: (a) spontaneous rupture of a cortical artery at the point of origin of a fragile arterial twig, especially a right-angled branch, a point of potential weakness; (b) rupture of a small artery traversing the subdural space and connecting a cortical artery to the dura mater (a “bridging” artery); (c) adhesions between a cortical artery and arachnoid or dura mater; (d) a knuckle of cortical artery protruding through the arachnoid and adherent to the dura mater. In each situation, the artery is probably torn by a sudden movement of the brain during a vigorous head movement, not severe enough to be considered trauma.

scholarly journals Systemic Pasteurella Haemolytica Infection as a Rare Sequel to Avirulent Live Pasteurella Haemolytica Vaccination in Cattle

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Zeman ◽  
Regg Neiger ◽  
Jerome Nietfield ◽  
Dale Miskimins ◽  
Melissa Libal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injection Site ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Pasteurella Haemolytica ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Restriction Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
History Of ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Suppurative Inflammation ◽  
The Brain

Eleven cases of systemic Pasteurella haemolytica infection in cattle were identified from routine diagnostic laboratory submissions during the falls of 1988, 1989, and 1991. All cases came with a history of recent vaccination with an avirulent live culture P. haemolytica product. Nine of 11 cases involved cattle vaccinated between 2 and 18 days previously with this product. Ten of 11 cases involved 182-227-kg beef calves that were vaccinated between September and November during routine processing for entry into feedlots. The morbidity and mortality was generally low. The major pathologic findings included meningitis, injection site abscessation and/or cellulitis, and polyarthritis. Systemic infection was indicated in all cases by the isolation of P. haemolytica from 2 or more organs or distinct anatomical sites. In 6 cases, the vaccine injection site was cultured, and in all 6 cases, P. haemolytica was isolated. Three separate P. haemolytica isolates from 2 cases were further studied by restriction enzyme analysis (REA). These isolates were from tissues with suppurative inflammation, including the brain, joint, and injection site. The REA patterns of each of these 3 isolates were identical to the REA pattern of the vaccine masterseed, which strongly suggested that the organisms causing systemic infection were the same as the organism used to produce the vaccine. Because the overall incidence was quite low, other factors, such as stress, probably played a major role in the expression of this syndrome.

Picture Quiz: A young patient with a severe headache

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-209
Author(s):  
Vijay Joshi ◽  
◽  
David Walters ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Young Patient ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Severe Headache ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Loss Of Consciousness ◽  
Neck Trauma ◽  
Her Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Systemic Symptoms

A 38 year old woman presented with one day history of acute onset frontal headache which progressively generalised over a few hours. The headache was dull in nature and did not respond to analgesics. A day prior to the onset of headache her family members and the patient had noticed a distinct change in the appearance of her eyes. The headache was not associated with symptoms of meningism, vomiting, seizures, syncope or loss of consciousness. She did not report any weakness in her extremities. There was no recent history of neck trauma or neck pain and no other systemic symptoms.

scholarly journals DRESS syndrome due to clobazam: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1906
Author(s):  
M. Faraz Qureshi ◽  
A. N. Dattatari
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
Seizure Disorder ◽  
Dress Syndrome ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Idiosyncratic Reaction ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Drug Rash ◽  
Systemic Symptoms

Drug rash (or reaction) with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction to drugs characterized by rash, fever, lymphadenopathy, hematologic abnormalities, and involvement of internal organs. Initially coined in 1996, the term is used to refer to an idiosyncratic reaction to several drugs, the most common of which are carbamazepine, allopurinol, sulfasalazine, and phenobarbital. We report the case of DRESS related to clobazam in a 38-year-old female with a history of a complex seizure disorder.

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