scholarly journals Fake News on Twitter in 2016 U.S. Presidential Election: A Quantitative Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Karmvir Padda
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Word Count ◽  
Analytical Thinking ◽  
News Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Linguistic Inquiry ◽  
Election Results

The flow of misinformation and disinformation around the 2016 U.S. presidential election put the problem of “fake news” on the agenda all over the world. As a result, news organizations and companies have taken measures to reduce or eliminate the production and dissemination of fake news. Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) software was employed in the current study to examine 1,500 randomly selected tweets that were used to influence the 2016 U.S. presidential election. Results showed fake news are less likely to have analytical thinking. Moreover, both alt-Right troll accounts and alt-Left troll accounts posted fake news on Twitter. Lastly, Cluster analysis revealed that the fake news tweets are more likely to be retweeted and use fewer analytical thinking. APA Citation Padda, K. (2020). Fake news on Twitter in 2016 U.S. presidential election: a quantitative approach. The Journal of Intelligence, Conflict, and Warfare, 3(2), 18-45. https://journals.lib.sfu.ca/index.php/jicw/article/view/2374/1810.

The Psychological Appeal of Fake-News Attributions

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 848-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan R. Axt ◽  
Mark J. Landau ◽  
Aaron C. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Political Orientation ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
Fake News ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Political Identification ◽  
News Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Intentional Deception

The term fake news is increasingly used to discredit information from reputable news organizations. We tested the possibility that fake-news claims are appealing because they satisfy the need to see the world as structured. Believing that news organizations are involved in an orchestrated disinformation campaign implies a more orderly world than believing that the news is prone to random errors. Across six studies ( N > 2,800), individuals with dispositionally high or situationally increased need for structure were more likely to attribute contested news stories to intentional deception than to journalistic incompetence. The effect persisted for stories that were ideologically consistent and ideologically inconsistent and after analyses controlled for strength of political identification. Political orientation showed a moderating effect; specifically, the link between need for structure and belief in intentional deception was stronger for Republican participants than for Democratic participants. This work helps to identify when, why, and for whom fake-news claims are persuasive.

scholarly journals Usage of humor to Overshadow Islamophobia in the World

2018 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzana Kausar ◽  
Dr. Wajid Zulqarnain
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Word Count ◽  
Muslim Identity ◽  
American Muslim ◽  
The World ◽  
Linguistic Inquiry ◽  
The Impact

After the 9/11 incident in the United States, a hatred gap arose between the Americans and Americans Muslims. Many Muslim stand-up comedians started their efforts to decrease this tension through humorous performances and comic screenplays. Also, Muslim comedians are neutralizing negative social discrimination between Muslims and another world to reduce the impact of Islamophobia in the world. The purpose of the study is to examine the part of Muslim comedians and the sentiments of the listeners about their stand-up humor videos. This study is the qualitative content analysis of comments on videos of two American Muslim comedians Negin Farsad and Obeidallah Dean. For data analysis, Linguistic Inquiry & Word Count (LIWC) used to analyses the positive emotions, negative emotions, and emotional tone. Findings exhibit that Muslim comedians are playing a critical part to assist the Muslim community handle with the effect of Islamophobia. The study also investigated that Muslim stand-up comedians are contributing to lessen the stereotyping discernments and disliked comments about Muslim identity globally. It is concluded that comedy has also helped in comforting the audiences that Arab and Muslims are not unpatriotic and adversarial to the United States or to another world.

The Psychological Appeal of Fake News Attributions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Axt
Keyword(s):  
Political Orientation ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
Fake News ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Political Identification ◽  
News Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Intentional Deception

The term “fake news” is increasingly used to discredit information from reputable news organizations. We test the possibility that fake news claims are appealing because they satisfy the need to see the world as structured. Believing that the news is involved in an orchestrated disinformation campaign implies a more orderly world than believing the news is prone to random errors. Across six studies (N > 2800), individuals with dispositionally high or situationally increased need for structure were more likely to attribute contested news stories to intentional deception than to journalistic incompetence. The effect persisted for stories that were ideologically consistent and inconsistent and after controlling for strength of political identification. Political orientation showed a moderating effect, such that the link between need for structure and belief in intentional deception was stronger for Republican than Democratic participants. This work helps identify when, why, and for whom fake news claims are persuasive.

scholarly journals Measuring the news and its impact on democracy

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (15) ◽  
pp. e1912443118
Author(s):  
Duncan J. Watts ◽  
David M. Rothschild ◽  
Markus Mobius
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
News Organizations ◽  
Us Presidential Election ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Incorrect Information

Since the 2016 US presidential election, the deliberate spread of misinformation online, and on social media in particular, has generated extraordinary concern, in large part because of its potential effects on public opinion, political polarization, and ultimately democratic decision making. Recently, however, a handful of papers have argued that both the prevalence and consumption of “fake news” per se is extremely low compared with other types of news and news-relevant content. Although neither prevalence nor consumption is a direct measure of influence, this work suggests that proper understanding of misinformation and its effects requires a much broader view of the problem, encompassing biased and misleading—but not necessarily factually incorrect—information that is routinely produced or amplified by mainstream news organizations. In this paper, we propose an ambitious collective research agenda to measure the origins, nature, and prevalence of misinformation, broadly construed, as well as its impact on democracy. We also sketch out some illustrative examples of completed, ongoing, or planned research projects that contribute to this agenda.

scholarly journals Political Attitudes of Voters on Twitter in the Second Round of the Polish Presidential Elections 2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-123
Author(s):  
Rafał Piotr Paradowski
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Election Outcome ◽  
Word Count ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
Election Results ◽  
Twitter Users

Abstract This study aims to answer the question of whether and how the voting attitudes of Polish Twitter users correlate with the election results. It also attempts to understand the online mechanisms of expressing political preferences. The data sample consisted of 8698 tweets attributed to 3508 users concerning attitudes towards the two candidates in the second round of the 2015 presidential election in Poland. Research included semantic analysis and word count techniques. Both approaches yielded similar results and were extremely close to the official post-election outcome – smallest offset amounted to less than 0.1. Moreover, experimental exploration of tweets, users’ behaviour, interactions and dynamics of tweet activity was conducted.

Fake It “Till You Make It”: Debunking Fake News in a Post-Truth America

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-133
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
First Amendment ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
American People ◽  
Fake News ◽  
News Sources ◽  
The Media ◽  
The U.S

Since the 2016 U.S. presidential election, attacks on the media have been relentless. “Fake news” has become a household term, and repeated attempts to break the trust between reporters and the American people have threatened the validity of the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. In this article, the authors trace the development of fake news and its impact on contemporary political discourse. They also outline cutting-edge pedagogies designed to assist students in critically evaluating the veracity of various news sources and social media sites.

scholarly journals Mathematical Thinking Styles—The Advantage of Analytic Thinkers When Learning Mathematics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Jaime Huincahue ◽  
Rita Borromeo-Ferri ◽  
Pamela Reyes-Santander ◽  
Viviana Garrido-Véliz
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Mathematical Tasks ◽  
Thinking Styles ◽  
Mathematical Performance ◽  
Test Instrument ◽  
Analytical Thinking ◽  
Learning Mathematics ◽  
Valid Test ◽  
Insight Into

School is a space where learning mathematics should be accompanied by the student’s preferences; however, its valuation in the classroom is not necessarily the same. From a quantitative approach, we ask from the mathematical thinking styles (MTS) theory about the correlations between preferences of certain MTS and mathematical performance. For this, a valid test instrument and a sample of 275 16-year-old Chilean students were used to gain insight into their preferences, beliefs and emotions when solving mathematical tasks and when learning mathematics. The results show, among other things, a clear positive correlation between mathematical performance and analytical thinking style, and also evidence the correlation between self-efficacy, analytical thinking and grades. It is concluded that students who prefer the analytical style are more advantageous in school, since the evaluation processes have a higher valuation of analytic mathematical thinking.

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