scholarly journals Population status of jaguars (Panthera onca) and pumas (Puma concolor) in northeastern Sonora, Mexico

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Octavio C. Rosas-Rosas ◽  
Louis C. Bender
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Population Status ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Minimum Numbers

Jaguars are endangered in Mexico and the United States, necessitating careful monitoring of population status. We determined minimum numbers of jaguars and sympatric pumas in a small population in northern Sonora, Mexico, the nearest known breeding population to the United States, by photographic captures supplemented by idiosyncratic features of tracks from track surveys (1999-2005). We also developed a discriminant function to differentiate species (jaguar v. puma) and sexes within species, which also aided in individual identification. Photographic captures identified 5 individual jaguars; this estimate was increased to 12 using idiosyncratic features and discriminant analysis of tracks.Jaguar kittens were only detected by track surveys. All jaguars identified by photographs were previously detected by tracks, but most (7 of 12) known from tracks were not captured in photographs. Jaguar presence was fluid; we identified 6 individual jaguars from 1999-2003, but only 3 of these were still present in 2004. We documented 4 new individuals during 2005, when none of the previously identified jaguars were detected. Similarly, we identified 14 individual pumas by tracks, but only 11 of these were captured in photographs. Four hindfoot measurements varied among species and sexes of jaguars and pumas, and these measurements were able to correctly classify 85-97% of tracks to the correct species and sex. Due to the high turnover of this jaguar population, which is at its fringe of the jaguar range in North America, we recommend constant monitoring of population status with camera traps and track surveys. If only limited resources are available, we recommend monitoring only with track surveys because they detected a greater number of individuals and all age classes of individuals. 

Population Study of Canada Geese of Jackson Hole

1978 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Samuel Zeveloff
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Canada Geese ◽  
Population Status ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Pacific Flyway ◽  
Jackson Hole

Between 1955 and 1974, the population of Canada geese in the United States almost doubled. Despite this trend, populations in the Pacific Flyway appear to have declined 10 percent (Bell rose 1976) and the causes for the decrease are not obvious. During earlier work, Dimmick (1968) concluded that the 1964 breeding population in Jackson Hole was stabilized at approximately 300 birds with 40-47 percent consisting of breeding pairs. The current status of the goose population is not known and the effects of dramatic changes in land use on the birds is undetermined. Therefore, this study will attempt to compare current conditions and the resulting population status with those of the early 1960's and the late 1940's (Craighead and Craighead 1949).

Eumops floridanus (Chiroptera: Molossidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1009) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Jessica M Vannatta ◽  
Jeffery A Gore ◽  
Verity L Mathis ◽  
Brian D Carver
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Population Size ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Small Population Size ◽  
Restricted Distribution ◽  
Dead Trees ◽  
Fish And Wildlife Service

Abstract Eumops floridanus (Allen, 1932) is a molossid commonly called the Florida bonneted bat or the Florida mastiff bat. Eumops floridanus is the largest species of bat in Florida and is one of 16 species in the genus Eumops. With one of the smallest distributions of any bat in the United States, it is endemic to southern peninsular Florida where it roosts in cavities of live and dead trees and man-made structures. Eumops floridanus was formerly classified as a subspecies of E. glaucinus but has been elevated to species level based on morphology. Due primarily to its restricted distribution, small population size, and the continued loss of habitat, E. floridanus is federally listed as “Endangered” (EN) by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.

scholarly journals Trends in High-Turnover Stays Among Children Hospitalized in the United States, 1993-2003

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 996-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Macy ◽  
R. M. Stanley ◽  
M. M. Lozon ◽  
C. Sasson ◽  
A. Gebremariam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Turnover

Anthropology and Public Policy in Alaska

1982 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-5
Author(s):  
Kerry Feldman ◽  
Steve Langdon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The People ◽  
The Future ◽  
High Level

This special issue of Practicing Anthropology includes seven papers which cover a broad spectrum of anthropological practice in Alaska, but share a common orientation toward public policy. We have chosen to focus on anthropology and public policy in Alaska for several reasons. First, there appears to be a high level of anthropological involvement in and impact on Alaskan public policy compared to other regions of the United States. Second, that involvement and influence is not limited to one or two topics but ranges over a variety of issues. Finally, we feel that because of the nature of contemporary Alaska—its size, small population, ethnic diversity, present economy, and youth as a state—public directions taken at this time will be crucial to the future of the people who are presently residents of Alaska. A sense of that urgency as well as of the powerful forces at work comes through in a number of the articles.

Estimating the Breeding Population of Long-Billed Curlew in the United States

2007 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 2556-2564 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS R. STANLEY ◽  
SUSAN K. SKAGEN
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
The United States

Model of Welfare Capitalism? The United States Rubber Company in Southeast Asia, 1910–1942

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-174
Author(s):  
Shakila Yacob
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Pension Plans ◽  
American Business ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Welfare Capitalism

Welfare capitalism, the management ethos adopted by American business leaders in the early twentieth century, emphasizes the role of business rather than trade unions or government in taking care of its workers. This article focuses on the reasons why the United States Rubber Company (USRC), one of the four largest U.S. rubber manufacturers, promoted welfare capitalism at its rubber plantations on the east coast of Sumatra and Malaya between 1910 and 1942. In addition, this study assesses the development of USRC's system of welfare in the areas of housing, profit sharing, pension plans, health care, and recreation. This article argues that USRC's intention was not to forestall unionization (the intention of U.S.-based companies in adopting welfare capitalism), as union formation in Southeast Asia during that period was very unlikely, but to overcome labor shortages and high turnover rates and to ensure labor stability. With reduced labor costs, the availability of financial resources allowed for technical innovations and R & D, which ultimately would lead to increased productivity.

The Rules of the Game

Dead Ringers ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shehzad Nadeem
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Labor Conditions ◽  
Information Work ◽  
Being Moved ◽  
Rules Of The Game

This chapter traces the offshoring of work from the United States to India as it occurred at one company. It considers the types of work being moved and the labor conditions under which they are performed. While the complexity of services offered from India is increasing, there are presently limits to how high subsidiaries and subcontractors will move up the so-called value ladder. That is, they depend on standardized work for the bulk of their revenues. This translates into extreme levels of work rationalization, or the Taylorization of information work, and consequently, high turnover. The chapter also emphazies two points: first, the Indian outsourcing industry is not terribly innovative; second, Indian workers are innocent of the knowledge of what to do and must be told. It argues that outsourcing workers do not take “ownership” of their work for a variety of reasons beyond an ingrained lack of initiative.

Care Falls Apart

2018 ◽  
pp. 176-200
Author(s):  
Elana D. Buch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
Family Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Care Workers

Across the United States, home care faces perpetual worker shortages and endemically high turnover levels estimated at between 60% and 90% per year. This chapter examines cases of turnover in rich ethnographic detail, arguing that the inability of agency and public policy to recognize the interdependence of older adults, workers, and their families contributes to this startling statistic. In observed cases of turnover; job loss stemmed from workers’ inabilities to sustain both their own households and those of their older adults without blurring the boundaries between them. Workers lost jobs because of conflicts with family care and because they engaged in unsanctioned reciprocities with clients. Current attempts to protect vulnerable older adults from possible exploitation actually exacerbate the exploitation of care workers and increase instability in home care.

scholarly journals Sometimes I see spots: patterns of abundance and distribution of the bobcat (Lynx rufus) in different regions of México

Therya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-255
Author(s):  
Horacio Barcenas ◽  
Rodrigo A. Medellin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Lynx Rufus ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
The North ◽  
Abundance Patterns ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

Bobcats (Lynx rufus) are distributed throughout North America, but bobcat densities have been well-documented primarily only for the United States.  The highest known density of this species is in the southern United States, and from there their density decreases northward to southern Canada.  Despite the fact thatMéxico contains about 35 % of the species range, there are no data on their abundance or density in México. The objectives of this study were to document the density of bobcats from northwestern to southern México and to understand the abundance patterns of this species.  Camera traps were used in combination with capture-recapture models to estimate densities.  Using the MaxEnt ecological niche model, the potential distribution of the bobcat was obtained.  With an effort of 2,070 camera trap days, we obtained 41 bobcat photographs in five localities from 2005 to 2007.  Our estimated bobcat densities varied from 0.05 to 0.53 bobcat/km2.  Using MaxEnt, we estimated the available habitat in each site and extrapolated the density data to obtain a range of bobcat population estimates per site.  The areas estimated were between 1,861 to 16,663 km2, with a population from 592 to 2,161 bobcats.  Bobcat density in México is highest in the north and decreases to the south of its range.  Probably the optimal habitat for this species is found in the southern United States and northern México where the highest densities of its entire distribution occur. 

Bobcat Population Status and Management in North America: Evidence of Large-Scale Population Increase

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan M. Roberts ◽  
Shawn M. Crimmins
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lynx Rufus ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Current Population ◽  
Monitoring Protocols

Abstract Bobcat Lynx rufus populations are thought to be increasing in North America; however, little information exists on their current population status. In the United States, management and monitoring of bobcat populations is the responsibility of state wildlife management agencies. We surveyed state wildlife management agencies in each of the 48 contiguous states regarding the current population status, distribution, and monitoring protocols of bobcats within each respective jurisdiction. We also surveyed the governments of Mexico and Canada regarding bobcat population status within their jurisdictions. We received responses from 47 U.S. states, Mexico, and 7 Canadian provinces. Responses indicate that bobcats occur in each of the contiguous states except for Delaware. Populations were reported to be stable or increasing in 40 states, with 6 states unable to report population trends and only 1 state (Florida) reporting decreases in bobcat populations. Of the 47 states in which bobcats occur, 41 employ some form of population monitoring. Population density estimates were available for 2,011,518 km2 (33.6%) of the estimated bobcat range in the United States, with population estimates between 1,419,333 and 2,638,738 individuals for this portion of their range and an estimated 2,352,276 to 3,571,681 individuals for the entire United States. These results indicate that bobcat populations have increased throughout the majority of their range in North America since the late 1990s and that populations within the United States are much higher than previously suggested.

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