Models of Capitalism, Institutions and Corporate Social Responsibility

The purpose of the paper is to show that the differences in the level of CSR involvement between countries result from the distinct institutional environments characteristic for the different models of welfare capitalism. These models vary in terms of how the institutional arrangements determine the form and level of public provision of social services such as health care, pensions, education and social assistance. It is argued that companies operating under stronger institutional pressure occurring in countries with an extensive welfare state model are less likely to engage in voluntary provision of social services. In contrast, when companies operate in countries with a relatively minor role of the state in creating and redistributing well-being and a relatively low institutional pressure in this regard, their chances of involvement in socially responsible activities are greater.

Models of the Welfare State

IN 1990, Gøsta Esping-Andersen published The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism, a work which has turned out to be the single most important and decisive contribution to welfare state research in the past thirty to forty years. In essence, Esping-Andersen argued that we can observe systematic variation in the character of the developed welfare states of the West, which he grouped into three distinct welfare state models: a Scandinavian social democratic model, a conservative continental European model, and a liberal Anglo-Saxon model. This chapter provides a short description of Esping-Andersen’s three regimes; introduces a fourth, Southern European model, which will then be described in somewhat more detail; and outlines a historical and genealogical account of the development of all four models. Finally, the chapter briefly expands on the comparative perspective with a short discussion on whether the regime concept or the understanding of distinct welfare models can also be applied to other regions, such as Latin America and Asia.

Income Support in an Eco-Social State: The Case for Participation Income

Contemporary models of welfare capitalism have frequently been critiqued about their fit-for-purpose in provisioning for people’s basic needs including care, and longer-term ecological sustainability. The Covid-19 pandemic has also exposed the need for better institutions and a new welfare architecture. We argue a post-productivist eco-social state can deliver sustainable well-being and meet basic needs. Arguing Universal Basic Services are an essential building block and prerequisite for a de-commodified welfare state, we focus on examining the form of income support that might best complement UBS. The article develops, from the perspective of feminist arguments and the capabilities approach, a case for Participation Income. This, we argue, can be aligned with targeted policy goals, particularly reward for and redistribution of human and ecological care or reproduction and other forms of socially valued participation. It may also, in the short term, be more administratively practical and politically feasible than universal basic income.

Connecting beyond ‘Community’: Recasting the Power of Social Capital on Collective Action in Indonesian MSMEs

The purpose of this article is to look into the functions of community in running capitalism at the micro-level through Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), as well as the effects on the collective well-being of the members. The concept of community-welfare capitalism is used and re-examined in this article. The term “community-welfare capitalism” refers to a form of capitalism that stems from grassroots communities in Indonesia and other Asian countries. Based on our empirical findings on three MSMEs in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, it is argued that, while the majority of works of literature emphasizes the importance of the community in providing informal social protection, our findings confirm that the community's role extends beyond social care to include economic security through collaborative business development. Because Indonesia is currently struggling to achieve inclusive welfare, our conclusion of community-welfare capitalism emphasizes the importance of informal support for social redistribution. As a result, it has been demonstrated that the community-welfare capitalism system, which includes MSMEs, can assist formal welfare institutions in integrating unabsorbed social risk during these difficult times.

Situating the Pandemic: Welfare Capitalism and Canada’s Liberal Regime

This article focuses on Canada’s liberal welfare state and the COVID-19 pandemic, offering an overview of some of the unequal health and social effects of the crisis. It argues that the policy response to the pandemic should be situated within a broader pattern of welfare restructuring and organization that serves to instrumentalize economic insecurity and extend labor discipline. Without making firm predictions about the future, we argue that this is likely to reproduce increasingly unequal patterns of welfare access, providing benefits to some constituents while disciplining vulnerable groups to facilitate competitive gains.

“THATCHERISM AND ITS IMPACT ON CHURCHILL’S TOP GIRLS AND COULD NINE”

Thatcherism era regards one of the great political and economic trends which have transformed a new lifestyle of British society to be adopting the individualism instead of the socialism. On another word, it is a transformation from welfare capitalism to privatization. This trend strategy has reflected new criteria inside the society. As a result, Thatcherism has given a new transformation concerning the Feminism and its role in the society. The research will shed light on the new concepts of this type of literature. Thus, the discussion and tackling are directed to the selected plays of the playwright Caryl Churchill’s Top Girls and Cloud Nine. The first chapter will discuss the phenomena of Thatcherism during 1979 until 1990. Then, the rest of chapter will mention the impact of Thatcherism on the second wave of feminism and the biography of Caryl Churchill. In second chapter, the focusing will be on the Thatcherism and its relationship towards the voice of woman. Also, the character Marlene in Churchill’s Top Girls will be the point of discussion in terms of the resembling the image of woman that may stand on the next shore to Marlene. The conclusion will sum up the main finding.

The Pensions Multiverse

The form that pensions provision takes is far from uniform, even among highly developed capitalist economies. This chapter surveys this diversity, but also the flawed ways in which pensions variation is usually understood, in both officialdom and academic scholarship. The intention, however, is not to replace one typology with another; while some of the most important differences across countries are actually understated, there is also a tendency to overstate systemic differences based on a highly parsimonious account of varieties within (welfare) capitalism. The chapter considers the main features and implications of pensions provision across many developed and developing countries, and recent reform agendas (including Europeanization), and develops a new approach to understanding private pensions in capitalist economies with reference to the temporal and cross-generational nature of provision.