scholarly journals KEY APPROACHES OF LIFE-CYCLE COST IN GREEN GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT (GGP) FOR GREEN PROJECTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Khalil ◽  
Asmah Alia Mohamad Bohari ◽  
Siti Mazzuana Shamsudin ◽  
Ahmad Faiz Abd Rashid ◽  
Husrul Nizam Husin
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Government Procurement ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Green Procurement ◽  
Planning Phase ◽  
Life Cycle Perspective ◽  
Consumption Cost

Sustainability has emerged as a critical concern in any viable physical planning and development. Hence, the Malaysian government has promoted the concept of green procurement also known as Government Green Procurement (GGP) that aims to minimize environmental degradation. In GGP, life cycle perspective thinking is introduced where life-cycle cost (LCC) tools act as decision-making in controlling the initial and future value of building ownership. Despite the increasing importance of green procurement and LCC in the planning phase of green projects, the viability and implementation of LCC is still lacking. Many have stated the benefits of LCC in green procurement for green building projects, however the criteria of LCC are not clearly determined. The study aims to determine the important level of LCC components relating to the green project planning phase. Questionnaire survey was distributed to 50 respondents composed of project team members that were involved in the selected green government projects. 32 respondents returned their responses to the survey. The results revealed that the highest rank of LCC components in green procurement is energy consumption cost, greenhouse gas (GHG) savings cost, acquisition cost, energy simulation cost and utilities cost. These results would elevate the use of LCC in the green procurement adoption and viability of green projects.

scholarly journals BIM-VE-Based Optimization of Green Building Envelope from the Perspective of both Energy Saving and Life Cycle Cost

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 7862
Author(s):  
Zhenmin Yuan ◽  
Jianliang Zhou ◽  
Yaning Qiao ◽  
Yadi Zhang ◽  
Dandan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Green Buildings ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Mathematical Formula

In the context of the increasingly severe energy crisis and global warming, green buildings and their energy-saving issues are being paid more attention in the world. Since envelope optimization can significantly reduce the energy consumption of green buildings, value engineering (VE) technology and building information modeling (BIM) technology are used to optimize the envelope of green buildings, which takes into account both energy saving and life cycle cost. The theoretical framework of optimization for green building envelope based on BIM-VE is proposed, including a BIM model for architecture, a life cycle cost analysis model, energy-saving analysis model, and a value analysis model. In the life-cycle cost model, a mathematical formula for the life-cycle cost is established, and BIM technology is used to generate a bill of quantity. In the energy-saving analysis model, a mathematical formula for energy saving is established, and BIM technology is used for the building energy simulation. In the scheme decision-making sub-model, VE technology integrating life cycle cost with energy saving is used to assess the envelope schemes and select the optimal one. A prefabricated project case is used to simulate and test the established methodology. The important results show that the 16 envelope schemes make the 16 corresponding designed buildings meet the green building evaluation standards, and the optimal envelope scheme is the “energy-saving and anti-theft door + exterior window 2+ floor 1+ exterior wall 1 + inner shear wall + inner partition wall 2 + planted roof” with the value 10.80 × 10−2 MW·h/ten thousand yuan. A significant finding is that the value generally rises with the increase of energy-saving rate while the life cycle cost is irregular with the increase of energy-saving rate. Compared with previous efforts in the literature, this study introduces VE technology into architectural design to further expand the current boundary of building energy-saving theory. The findings and suggestions will provide a valuable reference and guidance for the architectural design industry to optimize the envelope of green buildings from the perspective of both energy saving and life cycle cost.

Assessing the Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Cost of Thermoelectric Generators for Passenger Automobiles: A Life Cycle Perspective

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Kishita ◽  
Michinori Uwasu ◽  
Hiroyuki Takeda ◽  
Keishiro Hara ◽  
Yuji Ohishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Life Cycle Perspective

Toward realizing a low-carbon society, a thermoelectric generator (TEG) is promising for energy harvesting by generating electricity from thermal energy, especially waste heat. While there are various technologies available for energy recovery, one of the strengths of TEGs is to retrieve usable energy from waste heat whose temperature is as low as 200∼300 degrees Celsius. Yet, the conversion efficiency of the current thermoelectric materials remains low at 5∼10%, which makes it difficult to diffuse TEGs in our society. In order to clarify required performances of TEGs to diffuse them in the future, this paper aims to assess the life cycle CO2 emissions (LCCO2) and life cycle cost (LCC) of TEGs based on several product lifecycle scenarios, each of which assumes different future situations in, e.g., conversion efficiency of TEGs. In this paper, we focus on TEGs for passenger automobiles since a range of the temperatures of their exhaust gas is suitable for TEGs. Additionally, we focus on bismuth telluride (Bi-Te) materials to develop TEGs since they have already been available for commercial use. A case study of installing Bi-Te TEGs in passenger automobiles is carried out. The region of interest is Suita City, Osaka, Japan. By describing two scenarios that assume different conversion efficiency of thermoelectric materials, we compare assessment results from the viewpoints of LCCO2 and LCC. The results reveal that using TEGs has the potential to reduce CO2 emissions of the city by 0.07∼0.30%. It is also shown that the TEG cost needs to be drastically reduced to make the usage of TEGs profitable.

Selection of an ultraviolet disinfection system for a municipal wastewater treatment plant

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J. Kang ◽  
T.A. Allbaugh ◽  
J.W. Reynhout ◽  
T.L. Erickson ◽  
K.P. Olmstead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Ultraviolet Disinfection ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Team Members

As part of an expansion to an average flow of 45.9 million gallons per day (174 mld), the Ypsilanti Community Utilities Authority wastewater treatment plant in the State of Michigan, USA, elected to install ultraviolet disinfection as a replacement for the existing chlorination process. This paper presents a unique methodology used in selecting the best system based on not only the life cycle costs, and O & M considerations but also the participation of the stakeholders. The Team members consisted of representatives of all departments at the Authority, and these Team members made the decision. The Team evaluated all criteria in the office, which was followed by verification at selected sites with similar types of equipment. The selected equipment then was pilot tested for validation of the dose-kill relationship under normal operation and also under reduced irradiation conditions. A low-pressure, high intensity system was selected, based on life-cycle cost, reliability, safety, and ease of operation. This paper describes the unique methodologies used in making that decision. The full-scale system is scheduled for start-up in Spring 2003.

Enhancement in Green Building Technology Including Life Cycle Cost

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
Umi Nadiah Nor Ali ◽  
Norhasliya Mohd Daud ◽  
Norazman Mohamad Nor ◽  
Mohammed Alias Yusuf ◽  
Muhamad Azani Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Building Technology

Life Cycle Cost Analysis of the Fuel Cell Bus Based on Chinese Bus Cycle

2011 ◽  
Vol 403-408 ◽  
pp. 3220-3223
Author(s):  
Rui Chen ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Jun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Fuel Cell Bus ◽  
Consumption Cost ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up

During the project: Electric Hybrid Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell Transit Buses in China, the authors set up a model to calculate the life cycle cost of fuel cell bus (FCB). The model includes acquisition cost, fuel consumption cost and maintenance cost. In addition, the authors also take the government subsidies into account. After calculating, we see the cost of fuel cell is the most sensitive part of FCB life cycle cost. Using the model, we compared different bus life cycle costs. The result shows that FCB life cycle cost is 5 times more than the current diesel bus.

scholarly journals Embedded Life Cycle Costing Elements in Green Building Rating Tool

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 750-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jam Shahzaib Khan ◽  
Rozana Zakaria ◽  
Eeydzah Aminudin ◽  
Nur Izie Adiana Abidin ◽  
Mohd Affifuddin Mahyuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Life Cycle Costing ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Resource Degradation ◽  
Development Goals

Green Building rating tools are the essential need of this era, to cope up with the sustainable development goals, climate change, and natural resource degradation through buildings. Realization of green building incentives decently increased within past few decades with abrupt declination in real estate markets and economic depletion has decelerated the interest of investors towards the green building projects. This research calculates influence of costing elements in MyCREST (IS-design) using questionnaire survey distributed amongst qualified professionals (QP’S) of green buildings and expert practitioners. Firstly, factor score and then weightage factor was performed to produce the final result with weightage output for evaluating weighatge and ranking of the relevant criteria of MyCREST and life cycle cost elements respectively. It is found that the criteria of storm water management has weighatge of 0.236 as highest and criteria environmental management plan (EMP) as 0.061 as lowest. Research also identified another perspective by finding association of cost element at design stage of MyCREST and found that management cost is highly associated at design stage with the value of 87.7%. The outcome of this research will add value to green building development and map road towards sustainable development using green building tools to uplift quality of life. Furthermore, this paves a way to integrate various stages of MyCREST with life cycle costing tool to potentially contribute in evaluating cost association through green building rating tool.

scholarly journals A Methodology for Energy Simulation of Risedential Buildings: A Case Study for Amman

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 772-781
Author(s):  
Ahmad Altarabsheh ◽  
Ibrahim Altarabsheh ◽  
Sara Altarabsheh ◽  
Nisreen Rababaa ◽  
Ayat Smadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Green Buildings ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Zero Energy Building ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
Whole Life Cycle ◽  
Zero Energy Buildings

Green buildings have been gaining in popularity over the past few years in Jordan. This is attributed to environmental and financial reasons directly related to energy consumption and cost. Energy sector in Jordan faces two main challenges which are the fast growing of energy demand and the scarcity of resources to fulfill this demand. Green buildings can save energy by designing them as near Zero Energy Buildings, where they produce amount of energy almost equal the amount of energy they consume. In special cases green buildings can be designed as Net zero energy buildings, where they produce as much energy as they consume. Jordan government encourage people to adopt net zero green buildings by issuing the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Law No. 13 of 2012, that allows selling excessive electricity to electricity companies. Despite these benefits of green buildings, they are not yet the norm in the building sector in Jordan. This can be attributed to the high construction cost of green building compared to traditional one. However, this may not be true if the whole life cycle cost of the building is considered, in which the cost not only include design and construction but also operation and maintenance as well. This paper aims to provide real life cycle cost analysis for a typical residential building in Jordan, and to search different effective building strategies and design scenarios that will lead to a successful near Zero Energy Building. The search will apply main green building strategies recommended for Jordan climatic zone. The outcome of this study is a list of best economically feasible design solutions and system selections that result in near Zero Energy Building in Jordan for residential buildings.

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