scholarly journals EVALUATION OF SPECIFIC ABSORPTION RATE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION ON HUMAN BRAIN - MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1923-1928
Author(s):  
P R Arul Jenshiya ◽  
K Madhan Kumar ◽  
H Riyaz Fathima
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Specific Absorption Rate ◽  
Microstrip Patch Antenna ◽  
Specific Absorption ◽  
Microstrip Patch

scholarly journals Computational Model of the Influence of an 835 MHz Patch Antenna Distance on Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) and Temperature Change in the Human Head

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Green
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Specific Absorption Rate ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Microstrip Patch Antenna ◽  
Head Model ◽  
Microstrip Patch

Human exposure to mobile phone radio frequency (RF) radiation has caused public concern for human health. Mobile phone RF exposure depends on many different parameters. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of both the RF source distance from a human head and of output power levels on the temperature change and the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the head. The peak spatially-averaged SAR over 1 g of tissue is also identified to compare the study results to Health Canada’s Safety Code 6 exposure limits. The SAR and temperature change in the head are simulated in this study using a Specific Anthropomorphic Mannequin (SAM) head model with heterogeneous dielectric properties and a microstrip patch antenna operating at a frequency of 835 MHz. The microstrip patch antenna distance from the head is varied from 0-15mm and it is operated at three different time-averaged output power levels. The simulation is performed using COMSOL Multiphysics software and is solved with the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method. The results show that both SAR and temperature change in the head model increase as the distance between the head model and the patch antenna decreases. The peak spatially-averaged SAR over 1 g of tissue is found to triple as the phone moves from 4mm from the head to 0mm from the head. The results from this study indicate that to mitigate possible health risks from RF radiation mobile phones should be kept at least 4mm from the head.

The Standard Chinese Head Building Used for Numerical Calculation of Specific Absorption Rate of Electromagnetic Radiation

2013 ◽  
Vol 791-793 ◽  
pp. 1362-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Ma ◽  
Yu Duo Wang ◽  
Wu Tong Ning
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Calculation ◽  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
International Research ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Specific Absorption Rate ◽  
Specific Absorption ◽  
Software Model ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Standard Chinese ◽  
Key Steps

The paper introduces how to build a standard Chinese head to be used for numerical calculation of specific absorption rate of electromagnetic radiation using MAYA modeling software, including the demand background of building a standard Chinese head, international research status, as well as the urgency of relative research and study at present in China, and discusses the key steps of the standard Chinese head building using MAYA modeling software model, and the outlook for the numerical calculations after the modeling completed.

The Adverse Effect of Electromagnetic Radiation From Cellular Base Stations in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 269-280
Author(s):  
Ndidi Stella Arinze ◽  
Patrick Uche Okafor ◽  
Osondu Ignatius Onah
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Specific Absorption Rate ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Telecommunication Industry ◽  
Specific Absorption ◽  
The People

On a global scale, the telecommunication industry is experiencing tremendous growth in mobile phones. Mobile phones communicate with base stations that are erected by the telecommunication industry. The base station produces radio frequency and exposes the people near the base stations to radiation. The effect of electromagnetic radiation from four base stations located at the residential area was studied by measuring their electric field strength and calculating their magnetic field strength and power density at different distances covering a frequency range of 900MHz to 2100MHz. The obtained values showed that the four cellular base stations are operating above the standard values of the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Electromagnetic Field Radiation. The specific absorption rate was measured to determine the amount of radio frequency electromagnetic radiation absorbed by the human body. The result which is in the range of 3.22-3.70 W/kg is higher than the acceptable 2 W/kg for localized specific absorption rate.

scholarly journals EBG Based Microstrip Patch Antenna for Brain Tumor Detection via Scattering Parameters in Microwave Imaging System

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reefat Inum ◽  
Md. Masud Rana ◽  
Kamrun Nahar Shushama ◽  
Md. Anwarul Quader
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Microstrip Patch Antenna ◽  
Microwave Imaging ◽  
Head Model ◽  
Imaging Algorithm ◽  
Microstrip Patch

A microwave brain imaging system model is envisaged to detect and visualize tumor inside the human brain. A compact and efficient microstrip patch antenna is used in the imaging technique to transmit equivalent signal and receive backscattering signal from the stratified human head model. Electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure is incorporated on the antenna ground plane to enhance the performance. Rectangular and circular EBG structures are proposed to investigate the antenna performance. Incorporation of circular EBG on the antenna ground plane provides an improvement of 22.77% in return loss, 5.84% in impedance bandwidth, and 16.53% in antenna gain with respect to the patch antenna with rectangular EBG. The simulation results obtained from CST are compared to those obtained from HFSS to validate the design. Specific absorption rate (SAR) of the modeled head tissue for the proposed antenna is determined. Different SAR values are compared with the established standard SAR limit to provide a safety regulation of the imaging system. A monostatic radar-based confocal microwave imaging algorithm is applied to generate the image of tumor inside a six-layer human head phantom model. S-parameter signals obtained from circular EBG loaded patch antenna in different scanning modes are utilized in the imaging algorithm to effectively produce a high-resolution image which reliably indicates the presence of tumor inside human brain.

DESIGN OF AN EFFICIENT MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA WITH REDUCED SPECIFIC ABSORPTION RATES (SAR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
JENSHIYA P. R. ARUL ◽  
KUMAR K. MADHAN ◽  
FATHIMA H. RIYAZ ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Microstrip Patch Antenna ◽  
Specific Absorption ◽  
Microstrip Patch

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of 64 GHz Millimetre Wave Microstrip Patch Antenna

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swagata Sarkar ◽  
Sivakami Nagappan ◽  
Shafin Kadhir Badhusha
Keyword(s):  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Microstrip Patch Antenna ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Millimetre Wave ◽  
Security Screening ◽  
Radio Frequency Energy ◽  
Microstrip Patch ◽  
Automotive Radars

Millimetre Wave frequencies (30–300 GHz) can be used for different major applications of modern world like telecommunications, security screening, imaging, automotive radars, military applications, remote sensing, radio astronomy and many more. The internationally reserved frequency spectrum is used for Radio Frequency Energy. In this work 64 GHz antennas are compared with different design and a comparative study is taken. In this work Microstrip patch antenna with carpet architecture, and fractal island are designed and compared. The general comparative parameters for antenna are directivity, gain, return loss, bandwidth, specific absorption rate etc. After the comparison, it is found that return loss gave better result for carpet design at 64 GHz compare to fractal island design.

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