scholarly journals Caregiver Daily Reporting of Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Observational Study Using Web and Mobile Apps

10.2196/11365 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. e11365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Bangerter ◽  
Nikolay V Manyakov ◽  
David Lewin ◽  
Matthew Boice ◽  
Andrew Skalkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Paper And Pencil ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Retrospective Reporting

Background Currently, no medications are approved to treat core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). One barrier to ASD medication development is the lack of validated outcome measures able to detect symptom change. Current ASD interventions are often evaluated using retrospective caregiver reports that describe general clinical presentation but often require recall of specific behaviors weeks after they occur, potentially reducing accuracy of the ratings. My JAKE, a mobile and Web-based mobile health (mHealth) app that is part of the Janssen Autism Knowledge Engine—a dynamically updated clinical research system—was designed to help caregivers of individuals with ASD to continuously log symptoms, record treatments, and track progress, to mitigate difficulties associated with retrospective reporting. Objective My JAKE was deployed in an exploratory, noninterventional clinical trial to evaluate its utility and acceptability to monitor clinical outcomes in ASD. Hypotheses regarding relationships among daily tracking of symptoms, behavior, and retrospective caregiver reports were tested. Methods Caregivers of individuals with ASD aged 6 years to adults (N=144) used the My JAKE app to make daily reports on their child’s sleep quality, affect, and other self-selected specific behaviors across the 8- to 10-week observational study. The results were compared with commonly used paper-and-pencil scales acquired over a concurrent period at regular 4-week intervals. Results Caregiver reporting of behaviors in real time was successfully captured by My JAKE. On average, caregivers made reports 2-3 days per week across the study period. Caregivers were positive about their use of the system, with over 50% indicating that they would like to use My JAKE to track behavior outside of a clinical trial. More positive average daily reporting of overall type of day was correlated with 4 weekly reports of lower caregiver burden made at 4-week intervals (r=–0.27, P=.006, n=88) and with ASD symptoms (r=–0.42, P<.001, n=112). Conclusions My JAKE reporting aligned with retrospective Web-based or paper-and-pencil scales. Use of mHealth apps, such as My JAKE, has the potential to increase the validity and accuracy of caregiver-reported outcomes and could be a useful way of identifying early changes in response to intervention. Such systems may also assist caregivers in tracking symptoms and behavior outside of a clinical trial, help with personalized goal setting, and monitoring of progress, which could collectively improve understanding of and quality of life for individuals with ASD and their families. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02668991; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02668991 

scholarly journals Caregiver Daily Reporting of Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Observational Study Using Web and Mobile Apps (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Bangerter ◽  
Nikolay V. Manyakov ◽  
David Lewin ◽  
Matthew Boice ◽  
Andrew Skalkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Paper And Pencil ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Retrospective Reporting

BACKGROUND Currently, no medications are approved to treat core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). One barrier to ASD medication development is the lack of validated outcome measures able to detect symptom change. Current ASD interventions are often evaluated using retrospective caregiver reports that describe general clinical presentation but often require recall of specific behaviors weeks after they occur, potentially reducing accuracy of the ratings. My JAKE, a mobile and Web-based mobile health (mHealth) app that is part of the Janssen Autism Knowledge Engine—a dynamically updated clinical research system—was designed to help caregivers of individuals with ASD to continuously log symptoms, record treatments, and track progress, to mitigate difficulties associated with retrospective reporting. OBJECTIVE My JAKE was deployed in an exploratory, noninterventional clinical trial to evaluate its utility and acceptability to monitor clinical outcomes in ASD. Hypotheses regarding relationships among daily tracking of symptoms, behavior, and retrospective caregiver reports were tested. METHODS Caregivers of individuals with ASD aged 6 years to adults (N=144) used the My JAKE app to make daily reports on their child’s sleep quality, affect, and other self-selected specific behaviors across the 8- to 10-week observational study. The results were compared with commonly used paper-and-pencil scales acquired over a concurrent period at regular 4-week intervals. RESULTS Caregiver reporting of behaviors in real time was successfully captured by My JAKE. On average, caregivers made reports 2-3 days per week across the study period. Caregivers were positive about their use of the system, with over 50% indicating that they would like to use My JAKE to track behavior outside of a clinical trial. More positive average daily reporting of overall type of day was correlated with 4 weekly reports of lower caregiver burden made at 4-week intervals (r=–0.27, P=.006, n=88) and with ASD symptoms (r=–0.42, P<.001, n=112). CONCLUSIONS My JAKE reporting aligned with retrospective Web-based or paper-and-pencil scales. Use of mHealth apps, such as My JAKE, has the potential to increase the validity and accuracy of caregiver-reported outcomes and could be a useful way of identifying early changes in response to intervention. Such systems may also assist caregivers in tracking symptoms and behavior outside of a clinical trial, help with personalized goal setting, and monitoring of progress, which could collectively improve understanding of and quality of life for individuals with ASD and their families. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02668991; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02668991 

scholarly journals Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in autism spectrum disorder: protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled clinical trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e046830
Author(s):  
Peter G Enticott ◽  
Karen Barlow ◽  
Adam J Guastella ◽  
Melissa K Licari ◽  
Nigel C Rogasch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionThere are no well-established biomedical treatments for the core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A small number of studies suggest that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, may improve clinical and cognitive outcomes in ASD. We describe here the protocol for a funded multicentre randomised controlled clinical trial to investigate whether a course of rTMS to the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ), which has demonstrated abnormal brain activation in ASD, can improve social communication in adolescents and young adults with ASD.Methods and analysisThis study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of a 4-week course of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS, a variant of rTMS) in ASD. Participants meeting criteria for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition ASD (n=150, aged 14–40 years) will receive 20 sessions of either active iTBS (600 pulses) or sham iTBS (in which a sham coil mimics the sensation of iTBS, but no active stimulation is delivered) to the rTPJ. Participants will undergo a range of clinical, cognitive, epi/genetic, and neurophysiological assessments before and at multiple time points up to 6 months after iTBS. Safety will be assessed via a structured questionnaire and adverse event reporting. The study will be conducted from November 2020 to October 2024.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Monash Health (Melbourne, Australia) under Australia’s National Mutual Acceptance scheme. The trial will be conducted according to Good Clinical Practice, and findings will be written up for scholarly publication.Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12620000890932).

scholarly journals Ketogenic Dietary Therapies in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Facts or Fads? A Scoping Review and a Proposal for a Shared Protocol

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2057
Author(s):  
Costanza Varesio ◽  
Serena Grumi ◽  
Martina Paola Zanaboni ◽  
Martina Maria Mensi ◽  
Matteo Chiappedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Potential Efficacy ◽  
Study Designs

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with increasing incidence. An expanding body of literature is examining connections between ASD and dietary interventions. Existing reports suggest a beneficial effect of ketogenic dietary therapies (KDTs) in improving behavioral symptoms in ASD. In this context, the purpose of this scoping review was to identify and map available evidence in the literature about the feasibility and potential efficacy of KDTs in pediatric patients with ASD and to inform clinical practice in the field. Moreover, based on the resulting data from the literature review, we aimed to provide a shared protocol to develop a personalized KDT intervention in patients with ASD. A comprehensive and structured web-based literature search was performed using PubMed and Scopus and it yielded 203 records. Seven papers were finally selected and included in the review. Data were abstracted by independent coders. High variability was identified in study designs and dietary aspects emerged among selected studies. Results supported the effectiveness of KDTs in promoting behavioral improvements. Clinical recommendations on which patients may benefit most from KDTs implementation and difficulties in dietary adherence were discussed.

scholarly journals The relationship between sleep and behavior in autism spectrum disorder (ASD): a review

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simonne Cohen ◽  
Russell Conduit ◽  
Steven W Lockley ◽  
Shantha MW Rajaratnam ◽  
Kim M Cornish
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Screening and Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder via Assistive Tools

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Gurkan Tuna ◽  
Ayşe Tuna
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
K Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Medical Test ◽  
And Behavior

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a challenging developmental condition that involves restricted and/or repetitive behaviors and persistent challenges in social interaction and speech and nonverbal communication. There is not a standard medical test used to diagnose ASD; therefore, diagnosis is made by looking at the child's developmental history and behavior. In recent years, due to the increase in diagnosed cases of ASD, researchers proposed software-based tools to aid in and expedite the diagnosis. Considering the fact that most of these tools rely on the use of classifiers, in study, random forest, decision tree, k-nearest neighbors, and zero rule algorithms are used as classifiers, and their performances are compared using well-known performance metrics. As proven in the study, random forest algorithm can provide higher accuracy than the others in the classification of ASD and can be integrated into a computer- or humanoid-robot-based system for automated prescreening and diagnosis of ASD in preschool children groups.

scholarly journals JAKE® Multimodal Data Capture System: Insights from an Observational Study of Autism Spectrum Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth L. Ness ◽  
Nikolay V. Manyakov ◽  
Abigail Bangerter ◽  
David Lewin ◽  
Shyla Jagannatha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Data Capture ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Multimodal Data
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