scholarly journals Data Visualizations to Support Health Practitioners’ Provision of Personalized Care for Patients With Cancer and Multiple Chronic Conditions: User-Centered Design Study

10.2196/11826 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. e11826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uba Backonja ◽  
Sarah C Haynes ◽  
Katherine K Kim
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Multiple Chronic Conditions ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Design Study ◽  
Personalized Care ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Data Visualizations ◽  
User Centered

scholarly journals Data visualizations to support health practitioners� provision of personalized care for patients with cancer and multiple chronic conditions: A user-centered design study (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uba Backonja ◽  
Sarah Haynes ◽  
Katherine Kim
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multiple Chronic Conditions ◽  
Line Graphs ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Personalized Care ◽  
User Centered

BACKGROUND About one out of every four people in the United States lives with multiple chronic conditions including cancer, hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease. Attempts to personalize care must take into account the individual’s comprehensive needs rather than focusing on one condition in isolation. Collection and presentation of person generated health data such as symptoms, medication use, physical activity, and health goals are important complements to clinical data in personalized care. There are challenges in integrating and making sense of these various data types in order for both patients and clinicians. User-centered design applied to data visualization has the potential to address this challenge by offering well-designed information displays that fit users’ needs and preferences. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the perceptions of and feedback regarding visualizations developed to support care of individuals with multiple chronic conditions engaging in cancer care in one important user group, healthcare practitioners. METHODS Medical doctors (MDs; n=4) and Registered Nurses (RNs; n=4) providing cancer care at an academic medical center in the western United States provided feedback on visualization mockups. Mockup designs were guided by current health informatics and visualization literature and Munzner’s Nested Model for Visualization Design. Visualizations included: a four-week calendar view summarizing four measures; temporal line graphs of blood glucose, blood pressure, and weight; longitudinal symptom ratings. Visual encodings included color, lines or bands indicating expected normal ranges for various measures, and icons. User-centered design methods, a mock patient persona, and a scenario were used to elicit insights from participants. Directed content analysis was used to identify themes from session transcripts. Means and standard deviations were calculated for health care providers’ rankings of overview visualizations. RESULTS Themes identified were data elements, supportive elements, confusing elements, interpretation, and use of visualization. Overall, participants found the visualizations useful and with potential to provide personalized care. Use of color, reference lines, and familiar visual presentations (calendars, line graphs) were noted as helpful in interpreting data. Participants were confused by: the meaning of white spaces, the miniature line graphs indicating symptoms, and the different ways in which symptoms were quantified. Participants were able to see trends and spot recurrent issues using the calendar view and line graphs. The visualizations were perceived of as useful to: better understand the patient outside the clinic; empower patients engaging in self-management, and support provision of personalized care. CONCLUSIONS Visualizations guided by a framework and literature can support healthcare providers’ understanding of data for individuals with multiple chronic conditions engaged in cancer care. This understanding has the potential to support the provision of personalized care.

User-Centered Design Enhances Usability of an mHealth System for Users with Dexterity Impairments (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuntal Chowdhary ◽  
Daihua Xie Yu ◽  
Gede Pramana ◽  
Andrea Fairman ◽  
Brad Edward Dicianno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Self Management ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
User Centered

BACKGROUND Mobile health (mHealth) systems have been shown to be useful in supporting self-management by promoting adherence to schedules and longitudinal health interventions, especially in people with disabilities (PwD). The Interactive Mobile Health and Rehabilitation (iMHere) System was developed to empower PwD and those with chronic conditions with supports needed for self-management and independent living. Since the first iteration of the iMHere 1.0 app, several studies have evaluated accessibility and usability of the system. Potential opportunities to improve and simplify the user interface (UI) were identified, and the iMHere modules were redesigned accordingly. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the usability of the redesigned modules within iMHere 1.0. METHODS This study evaluated the original and redesigned MyMeds and SkinCare modules. To assess the participants’ dexterity levels, the Purdue Pegboard Test (PPBT) was administered. Participants were then asked to perform a set of tasks using both the original and redesigned MyMeds and SkinCare modules to assess efficiency and effectiveness. Usability was measured using the Telehealth Usability Questionnaire (TUQ) to evaluate 10 new accessibility features that were added to the redesigned app. Participants were also asked which version they preferred. RESULTS Twenty-four participants with disabilities and varied degrees of dexterity impairments completed the entire study protocol. Participants displayed improved efficiency and effectiveness of use when using the redesigned modules, as compared to the original modules. Participants also reported improved usability and preferred the redesigned modules. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that the iMHere System became more efficient, effective, and usable for individuals with dexterity impairments after redesigning it according to user-centered principles.

Sentiment Analysis of Participant Comments in a User Centered Design Study for Degraded Visual Environment Sensor Visualization

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 2075-2078
Author(s):  
Bradley M. Davis ◽  
Samineh C. Gillmore ◽  
Derek Millard
Keyword(s):  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Visual Environment ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Design Study ◽  
Design Studies ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Media Research ◽  
Social Media Research ◽  
User Centered

Several methodologies in user centered research lead to the collection of large amounts of comments about a product or system. The growth of social media research has led to the development of sentiment analysis algorithms that computationally analyze the meaning of text. This paper utilized the Valence Aware Dictionary for sEntiment Reasoning (VADER) sentiment analysis technique to assess comments from a user centered design study for a rotorcraft degraded visual environment mitigation system. The sentiment analysis findings mirror results from the other measures of the user centered design study. This paper supports the use of sentiment analysis for large volumes of comment data from user centered design studies.

scholarly journals A User-Centered Design Study in Scientific Visualization Targeting Domain Experts

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 2192-2203
Author(s):  
Yucong Ye ◽  
Franz Sauer ◽  
Kwan-Liu Ma ◽  
Konduri Aditya ◽  
Jacqueline Chen
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Visualization ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Design Study ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
User Centered

Multiple chronic conditions and intensity of end-of-life care among patients with cancer.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (31_suppl) ◽  
pp. 47-47
Author(s):  
Cara L. McDermott ◽  
Ruth Engelberg ◽  
Mohamed Lotfy Sorror ◽  
James Sibley ◽  
J. Randall Curtis
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Chronic Renal Disease ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Multiple Chronic Conditions ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Eol Care

47 Background: Multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) are associated with increased intensity of end-of-life (EOL) care in many conditions but their effect has not been well explored in patients with cancer. We examined intensity of EOL care and advance care planning (ACP) by patients with cancer and MCCs versus those without MCCs to better understand how MCCs affect EOL healthcare use in this population. Methods: Our sample included patients with cancer in the UW Medicine system who died between 2010-2017. MCCs were defined using the Dartmouth Atlas of Healthcare for the most common categories of severe illness in the last two years of life. These included chronic pulmonary disease, coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure, severe chronic liver disease, chronic renal disease, dementia, diabetes with end organ damage, or peripheral vascular disease. Patients were categorized as having none or 1+ MCCs. We used a claims-based indicator for the presence of functional limitation. Outcomes included ACP documentation in the electronic health record, death in hospital, and inpatient or ICU admission in the last month of life. We performed logistic regression for all outcomes controlling for confounders defined a priori (age at death, race, sex, marital status, insurance, education, functional limitation). Results: Of 15,092 patients with cancer, 10,596 (70%) had 1+MCCs (range 1-8 MCCs). Common MCCs were pulmonary (25%), CAD (23%), and renal (18%). Those with MCCs were older (median 66 years (range 18-104) vs 63 years (range 18-102)), with more functional limitations (65% vs 43%). Those with 1+ MCC had more ACP documentation (43% vs. 23%) compared to those with no MCCs. Patients with 1+ MCC were more likely to die in hospital (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.72-2.02) and to have inpatient (OR 2.45, 95% CI 2.20-2.72) or ICU admissions (OR 2.95, 95% CI 2.55-3.42) in their last 30 days versus patients with cancer and no MCCs. Conclusions: Among patients with cancer in a single healthcare system, patients with cancer and MCCs were more likely to have ACP documentation, die in hospital and experience high-intensity hospital-based care at or near EOL. Further research is needed to explore if such high-intensity care is aligned with patient and family goals for care.

scholarly journals Designing Graphs for Decision-Makers

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-63
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Zacks ◽  
Steven L. Franconeri
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Visual Patterns ◽  
Data Graphics ◽  
Data Visualizations ◽  
User Centered

Data graphics can be a powerful aid to decision-making—if they are designed to mesh well with human vision and understanding. Perceiving data values can be more precise for some graphical types, such as a scatterplot, and less precise for others, such as a heatmap. The eye can extract some types of statistics from large arrays in an eyeblink, as quickly as recognizing an object or face. But perceiving some patterns in visualized numbers—particularly comparisons within a dataset—is slow and effortful, unfolding over a series of operations that are guided by attention and previous experience. Effective data graphics map important messages onto visual patterns that are easily extracted, likely to be attended, and as consistent as possible with the audience’s previous experience. User-centered design methods, which rely on iteration and experimentation to improve a design, are critical tools for creating effective data visualizations.

scholarly journals Design and Development of an eHealth Service for Collaborative Self-Management among Older Adults with Chronic Diseases: A Theory-Driven User-Centered Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 391
Author(s):  
Mirjam Ekstedt ◽  
Marie Kirsebom ◽  
Gunilla Lindqvist ◽  
Åsa Kneck ◽  
Oscar Frykholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
User Needs ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Ehealth Service ◽  
User Centered

The increasing prevalence of chronic conditions and multimorbidity poses great challenges to healthcare systems. As patients’ engagement in self-managing their chronic conditions becomes increasingly important, eHealth interventions are a promising resource for the provision of adequate and timely support. However, there is inconclusive evidence about how to design eHealth services to meet the complex needs of patients. This study applied an evidence-based and theory-informed user-centered design approach in three phases to identify the needs of older adults and healthcare professionals in the collaborative management of multimorbidity (phase 1), develop an eHealth service to address these needs (phase 2), and test the feasibility and acceptance of the eHealth service in a clinical setting (phase 3). Twenty-two user needs were identified and a web-based application—ePATH (electronic Patient Activation in Treatment at Home)—with separate user interfaces for patients and healthcare professionals was developed. The feasibility study with two nurses and five patients led to a redesign and highlighted the importance of adequately addressing not only varying user needs but also the complex nature of healthcare organizations when implementing new services and processes in chronic care management.

scholarly journals Designing and Testing Apps to Support Patients With Cancer: Looking to Behavioral Science to Lead the Way

JMIR Cancer ◽  
10.2196/12317 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e12317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren M Hamel ◽  
Hayley S Thompson ◽  
Terrance L Albrecht ◽  
Felicity WK Harper
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Smartphone Apps ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Evidenced Based ◽  
Cancer Experience ◽  
User Centered

Background Behavioral science has a long and strong tradition of rigorous experimental and applied methodologies, which have produced several influential and far-reaching theoretical frameworks and have guided countless inquiries of human behavior in various contexts. In cancer care, behavioral scientists have established a firm foundation of research focused on understanding the experience of cancer and using that understanding to design and implement theory- and evidenced-based interventions to help patients cope with the cancer experience. Given the rich behavioral research base in oncology, behavioral scientists are ideally positioned to lead the integration of evidence-based science on behavior and behavior change into the development of smartphone apps supporting patients with cancer. Smartphone apps are being disseminated to patients with cancer with claims of being able to help them negotiate areas of vulnerability in their cancer experience. However, the vast majority of these apps are developed without the rigor and expertise of behavioral scientists. Objective In this article, we have illustrated the importance of behavioral science leading the development and evaluation of apps to support patients with cancer by providing an illustrative scientific process that our team of behavioral scientists, patient stakeholders, medical oncologists, and software developers used to empirically design and evaluate 2 patient-focused apps: the Discussion of Cost App (DISCO App) and MyPatientPal. Methods Using a focused literature review and a descriptive roadmap of our team’s process for designing and evaluating patient-focused behavioral apps for patients with cancer, we have demonstrated how behavioral scientists are integral to the development of empirically sound apps to help support patients with cancer. Specifically, we have illustrated the process by which our multidisciplinary team combined the established user-centered design principles and behavioral science theory and scientific rigor to design and evaluate 2 patient-focused apps. Results On the basis of initial acceptability and feasibility testing among patients and providers, our team has demonstrated how critical behavioral science is for designing and evaluating app-based interventions for patients with cancer. Conclusions Behavioral science can and should be coupled with user-centered design principles to provide theoretical guidance and the rigor of the scientific method, thereby adding the much-needed and critical evidence for these types of app-based interventions for patients with cancer.

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