scholarly journals Development of CliniPup, a Serious Game Aimed at Reducing Perioperative Anxiety and Pain in Children: Mixed Methods Study

10.2196/12429 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e12429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Verschueren ◽  
June van Aalst ◽  
Anne-Marie Bangels ◽  
Jaan Toelen ◽  
Karel Allegaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Ambulatory Surgery ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Serious Game ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Expert Interviews ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Structured Literature Review

Background An increasing number of children undergo ambulatory surgery each year, and a significant proportion experience substantial preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain. The management of perioperative anxiety and pain remains challenging in children and is inadequate, which negatively impacts the physical, psychosocial, and economic outcomes. Existing nonpharmacological interventions are costly, time consuming, vary in availability, and lack benefits. Therefore, there is a need for an evidence-based, accessible, nonpharmacological intervention as an adjunct to existing pharmacological alternatives to reduce perioperative anxiety and pain in children undergoing ambulatory surgery. Technology-enabled interventions have been proposed as a method to address the unmet need in this setting. In particular, serious games hold a unique potential to change health beliefs and behaviors in children. Objective The objective of this research was to describe the rationale, scientific evidence, design aspects, and features of CliniPup, a serious game aimed at reducing perioperative anxiety and pain in children undergoing ambulatory surgery. Methods The SERES Framework for serious game development was used to create the serious game, CliniPup. In particular, we used a mixed methods approach that consisted of a structured literature review supplemented with ethnographic research, such as expert interviews and a time-motion exercise. The resulting scientific evidence base was leveraged to ensure that the resulting serious game was relevant, realistic, and theory driven. A participatory design approach was applied, wherein clinical experts qualitatively reviewed several versions of the serious game, and an iterative creative process was used to integrate the applicable feedback. Results CliniPup, a serious game, was developed to incorporate a scientific evidence base from a structured literature review, realistic content collected during ethnographic research such as expert interviews, explicit pedagogical objectives from scientific literature, and game mechanics and user interface design that address key aspects of the evidence. Conclusions This report details the systematic development of CliniPup, a serious game aimed at reducing perioperative anxiety and pain in children undergoing ambulatory surgery. Clinical experts validated CliniPup’s underlying scientific evidence base and design foundations, suggesting that it was well designed for preliminary evaluation in the target population. An evaluation plan is proposed and briefly described.

(Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Verschueren ◽  
June van Aalst ◽  
Anne-Marie Bangels ◽  
Jaan Toelen ◽  
Karel Allegaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Ambulatory Surgery ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Expert Interviews ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Structured Literature Review

BACKGROUND Increasing numbers of children undergo ambulatory surgery each year and a significant proportion experiences substantial preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain. The management of perioperative anxiety and pain remains challenging in children and is inadequate, which negatively impacts physical, psychosocial, and economic outcomes. Existing non-pharmacological interventions are costly, time consuming, vary in availability, and lack benefits. Therefore, there is a need for an evidence-based, accessible, non-pharmacological intervention as an adjunct to existing pharmacological alternatives to reduce perioperative anxiety and pain in children undergoing ambulatory surgery. Technology-enabled interventions have been proposed as a method to address the unmet need in this setting. In particular, serious games for health (SGHs) hold unique potential to change health beliefs and behaviors in children. OBJECTIVE The objective of this research was to describe the rationale, scientific evidence, design aspects, and features of CliniPup, an SGH aimed at reducing perioperative anxiety and pain in children undergoing ambulatory surgery. METHODS The SERES framework for SGH development was used to create the SGH, CliniPup. In particular, a mixed-methods approach was applied that consisted of a structured literature review supplemented with ethnographic research, such as expert interviews and a time-motion exercise. The resulting scientific evidence base was leveraged to ensure that the resulting SGH was relevant, realistic, and theory-driven. A participatory design approach was applied wherein clinical experts qualitatively reviewed several versions of the SGH and an iterative creative process was used to integrate the applicable feedback. RESULTS CliniPup, an SGH, was developed to incorporate (1) scientific evidence base from a structured literature review, (2) realistic content collected during ethnographic research such as expert interviews, (3) explicit pedagogical objectives from scientific literature, and (4) game mechanics and user interface design that address key aspects of the evidence. CONCLUSIONS This report details the systematic development of CliniPup, an SGH aimed at reducing perioperative anxiety and pain in children undergoing ambulatory surgery. Clinical experts validated CliniPup’s underlying scientific evidence base and design foundations, suggesting that it was well designed for preliminary evaluation in the target population. An evaluation plan is proposed and briefly described.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Microsatellite Instability High (MSI-H) and Deficient Mismatch Repair (dMMR) in Solid Tumors: A Structured Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lorenzi ◽  
Mayur Amonkar ◽  
Jacky Zhang ◽  
Shivani Mehta ◽  
Kai-Li Liaw
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
English Language ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Tumor Types ◽  
Structured Literature Review

Background. Given limited data on the epidemiology of MSI-H and dMMR across solid tumors (except colorectal cancer (CRC)), the current study was designed to estimate their prevalence. Materials and Methods. A structured literature review identified English language publications that used immunohistochemistry (IHC) or polymerase chain replication (PCR) techniques. Publications were selected for all tumors except CRC using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases and key congresses; CRC and pan-tumor genomic publications were selected through a targeted review. Meta-analysis was performed to estimate pooled prevalence of MSI-H/dMMR across all solid tumors and for selected tumor types. Where possible, prevalence within tumor types was estimated by disease stages. Results. Of 1,176 citations retrieved, 103 and 48 publications reported prevalence of MSI-H and dMMR, respectively. Five pan-tumor genomic studies supplemented the evidence base. Tumor types with at least 5 publications included gastric (n = 39), ovarian (n = 23), colorectal (n = 20), endometrial (n = 53), esophageal (n = 6), and renal cancer (n = 8). Overall MSI-H prevalence (with 95% CI) across 25 tumors was based on 90 papers (28,213 patients) and estimated at 14% (10%–19%). MSI-H prevalence among Stage 1/2 cancers was estimated at 15% (8%–23%); Stages 3 and 4 prevalence was estimated at 9% (3%–17%) and 3% (1%–7%), respectively. Overall, dMMR prevalence across 13 tumor types (based on 54 papers and 20,383 patients) was estimated at 16% (11%–22%). Endometrial cancer had the highest pooled MSI-H and dMMR prevalence (26% and 25% all stages, respectively). Conclusions. This is the first comprehensive attempt to report pooled prevalence estimates of MSI-H/dMMR across solid tumors based on published data. Prevalence determined by IHC and PCR was generally comparable, with some variations by cancer type. Late-stage prevalence was lower than that in earlier stages.

scholarly journals A structured literature review on the role of mindfulness, mindful eating and intuitive eating in changing eating behaviours: effectiveness and associated potential mechanisms

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet M. Warren ◽  
Nicola Smith ◽  
Margaret Ashwell
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Intuitive Eating ◽  
Mindful Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
External Cues ◽  
Structured Literature Review

AbstractThe role of mindfulness, mindful eating and a newer concept of intuitive eating in modulating eating habits is an area of increasing interest. In this structured literature review, a summary of the current evidence is presented, together with details of interventions undertaken and the tools to measure outcomes. It is broad in scope given the emerging evidence base in this area. The review yielded sixty-eight publications: twenty-three interventions in obese/overweight populations; twenty-nine interventions in normal-weight populations; sixteen observational studies, three of which were carried out in overweight/obese populations. Mindfulness-based approaches appear most effective in addressing binge eating, emotional eating and eating in response to external cues. There is a lack of compelling evidence for the effectiveness of mindfulness and mindful eating in weight management. Mindfulness-based approaches may prevent weight gain. Reduced food intake was seen in some of the studies in overweight and obese populations, but this was less apparent in the studies in normal-weight populations. The evidence base for intuitive eating is limited to date and further research is needed to examine its potential in altering eating behaviours. Mindfulness appears to work by an increased awareness of internal, rather than external, cues to eat. Mindfulness and mindful eating have the potential to address problematic eating behaviours and the challenges many face with controlling their food intake. Encouraging a mindful eating approach would seem to be a positive message to be included in general weight management advice to the public.

scholarly journals Water shortages and extreme events: a call for research

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catriona Carmichael ◽  
Sue Odams ◽  
Virginia Murray ◽  
Matthew Sellick ◽  
Jeni Colbourne
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Weather Events

Water shortages as a result of extreme weather events, such as flooding and severe cold, have the potential to affect significant numbers of people. Therefore, the need to build robust, coordinated plans based on scientific evidence is crucial. The literature review outlined in this short communication was conducted as part of a joint Drinking Water Inspectorate and Health Protection Agency (now Public Health England) report which aimed to review the scientific evidence base on extreme events, water shortages and the resulting health impacts. A systematic literature review was undertaken to identify published literature from both peer-reviewed and grey literature sources. The retrieved literature was then assessed using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network quality assessment. The authors found very few scientific studies. However, a great deal of valuable grey literature was retrieved and used by the research team. In total, six main themes of importance that were identified by the review and discussed included health impacts, water quantity and quality, alternative supplies, vulnerable groups, communication with those affected and the emergency response. The authors conclude that more research needs to be conducted on health impacts and extreme events water shortages in order to build the future knowledge base and development of resilience.

scholarly journals Contrast Media Extravasation in CT and MRI – A Literature Review and Strategies for Therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 191 (01) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Mandlik ◽  
Lukas Prantl ◽  
Andreas Schreyer
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Contrast Extravasation ◽  
Local Pain ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Contrast Medium Extravasation

Background Contrast extravasation events in daily radiological routine may lead to serious complications, especially during CT examinations. The resulting symptoms may vary from local pain up to skin ulcers, necrosis or even acute compartment syndrome.There are no uniformly accepted radiological guidelines or recommendations regarding detection and treatment of extravasation events and immanent complications in a timely manner. Method Systematic literature research considering the last 35 years via PubMed using search terms “contrast medium extravasation/paravasation”. Results In the literature, there are conservative management approaches of contrast media extravasation without major evidence base, such as unguent dressings, cooling or splinting. This therapy is mostly symptomatic. Additionally, various invasive techniques are described. We discuss these techniques in the context of contemporary literature, such as the hyaluronidase Injection into the site of extravasation, suction/aspiration technique including flushing of the affected tissue areas and the squeezing technique. However, most citations lack scientific evidence: many articles include anecdotal enumerations, case studies or cite publications from the era, when ionic high osmolar contrast media was state-of-the-art. Besides, many authors derive their extravasation management from studies, where agents other than contrast media were investigated. Conclusion After detailed literature review, we suggest early (plastic) surgical consultation when non-ionic, low-osmolar contrast medium extravasation is about 150 cc or more. In case of extravasation less than 150 cc but in presence of additional symptoms such as impaired perfusion or altered sensibility, the (plastic) surgeon should also be consulted instantly. We do not recommend any invasive first line therapy when contrast media extravasation is less than 150 cc and the patient presents no additional symptoms, besides swelling and local pain. Nevertheless continuous monitoring and accurate conservative management such as active cooling and elevation, splinting of the affected extremity are mandatory as early detection of critical symptoms helps to initiate prompt surgical intervention and avoid sequelae. Key Points  Citation Format

scholarly journals Getting It Straight: Accommodating Rectilinear Behavior in Captive Snakes—A Review of Recommendations and Their Evidence Base

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1459
Author(s):  
Clifford Warwick ◽  
Rachel Grant ◽  
Catrina Steedman ◽  
Tiffani J. Howell ◽  
Phillip C. Arena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Absolute Minimum ◽  
Scientific Letter ◽  
General Welfare ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Enclosure Size ◽  
Current Guidance

Snakes are sentient animals and should be subject to the accepted general welfare principles of other species. However, they are also the only vertebrates commonly housed in conditions that prevent them from adopting rectilinear behavior (ability to fully stretch out). To assess the evidence bases for historical and current guidance on snake spatial considerations, we conducted a literature search and review regarding recommendations consistent with or specifying ≥1 × and <1 × snake length enclosure size. We identified 65 publications referring to snake enclosure sizes, which were separated into three categories: peer-reviewed literature (article or chapter appearing in a peer-reviewed journal or book, n = 31), grey literature (government or other report or scientific letter, n = 18), and opaque literature (non-scientifically indexed reports, care sheets, articles, husbandry books, website or other information for which originating source is not based on scientific evidence or where scientific evidence was not provided, n = 16). We found that recommendations suggesting enclosure sizes shorter than the snakes were based entirely on decades-old ‘rule of thumb’ practices that were unsupported by scientific evidence. In contrast, recommendations suggesting enclosure sizes that allowed snakes to fully stretch utilized scientific evidence and considerations of animal welfare. Providing snakes with enclosures that enable them to fully stretch does not suggest that so doing allows adequate space for all necessary normal and important considerations. However, such enclosures are vital to allow for a limited number of essential welfare-associated behaviors, of which rectilinear posturing is one, making them absolute minimum facilities even for short-term housing.

Coconut oil intake and its effects on the cardiometabolic profile – A structured literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 436-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heitor O. Santos ◽  
Scott Howell ◽  
Conrad P. Earnest ◽  
Filipe J. Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Cardiometabolic Profile ◽  
Structured Literature Review

Typology of Digital Business Models in Tourism

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-42
Author(s):  
Helena Zentner ◽  
Mario Spremić
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Digital Business Models ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Comprehensive Comparison ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Hospitality Sector ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
Structured Literature Review

Digital business models are reshaping industries nowadays. This trend certainly includes the tourism and hospitality sector, where several digital business models have already gained extraordinary momentum and transformed the way business is done. There is a growing body of scholarly literature concerning individual digital business models in tourism, yet papers with comprehensive comparison of digital business models in tourism are scarce. The aim of the paper is to fill this research gap and provide a thorough overview and comparison of the most important types of digital business models in tourism. Methods used to achieve this include case studies and structured literature review supplemented with content analysis. The most important characteristics of each business model have been identified and analyzed using relevant frameworks. Further, a tourism digital business models typology has been proposed that classifies the currently prevailing digital business models in this sector into seven distinct types.

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