scholarly journals Value of Eye-Tracking Data for Classification of Information Processing–Intensive Handling Tasks: Quasi-Experimental Study on Cognition and User Interface Design

10.2196/15581 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e15581
Author(s):  
Stephan Wegner ◽  
Quentin Lohmeyer ◽  
Dimitri Wahlen ◽  
Sandra Neumann ◽  
Jean-Claude Groebli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
User Interface ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Individual User ◽  
Mobile Eye Tracking

Background In order to give a wide range of people the opportunity to ensure and support home care, one approach is to develop medical devices that are as user-friendly as possible. This allows nonexperts to use medical devices that were originally too complicated to use. For a user-centric development of such medical devices, it is essential to understand which user interface design best supports patients, caregivers, and health care professionals. Objective Using the benefits of mobile eye tracking, this work aims to gain a deeper understanding of the challenges of user cognition. As a consequence, its goal is to identify the obstacles to the usability of the features of two different designs of a single medical device user interface. The medical device is a patient assistance device for home use in peritoneal dialysis therapy. Methods A total of 16 participants, with a subset of seniors (8/16, mean age 73.7 years) and young adults (8/16, mean age 25.0 years), were recruited and participated in this study. The handling cycle consisted of seven main tasks. Data analysis started with the analysis of task effectiveness for searching for error-related tasks. Subsequently, the in-depth gaze data analysis focused on these identified critical tasks. In order to understand the challenges of user cognition in critical tasks, gaze data were analyzed with respect to individual user interface features of the medical device system. Therefore, it focused on the two dimensions of dwell time and fixation duration of the gaze. Results In total, 97% of the handling steps for design 1 and 96% for design 2 were performed correctly, with the main challenges being task 1 insert, task 2 connect, and task 6 disconnect for both designs. In order to understand the two analyzed dimensions of the physiological measurements simultaneously, the authors propose a new graphical representation. It distinguishes four different patterns to compare the eye movements associated with the two designs. The patterns identified for the critical tasks are consistent with the results of the task performance. Conclusions This study showed that mobile eye tracking provides insights into information processing in intensive handling tasks related to individual user interface features. The evaluation of each feature of the user interface promises an optimal design by combining the best found features. In this way, manufacturers are able to develop products that can be used by untrained people without prior knowledge. This would allow home care to be provided not only by highly qualified nurses and caregivers, but also by patients themselves, partners, children, or neighbors.

scholarly journals Value of Eye-Tracking Data for Classification of Information Processing–Intensive Handling Tasks: Quasi-Experimental Study on Cognition and User Interface Design (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Wegner ◽  
Quentin Lohmeyer ◽  
Dimitri Wahlen ◽  
Sandra Neumann ◽  
Jean-Claude Groebli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
User Interface ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Individual User ◽  
Mobile Eye Tracking

BACKGROUND In order to give a wide range of people the opportunity to ensure and support home care, one approach is to develop medical devices that are as user-friendly as possible. This allows nonexperts to use medical devices that were originally too complicated to use. For a user-centric development of such medical devices, it is essential to understand which user interface design best supports patients, caregivers, and health care professionals. OBJECTIVE Using the benefits of mobile eye tracking, this work aims to gain a deeper understanding of the challenges of user cognition. As a consequence, its goal is to identify the obstacles to the usability of the features of two different designs of a single medical device user interface. The medical device is a patient assistance device for home use in peritoneal dialysis therapy. METHODS A total of 16 participants, with a subset of seniors (8/16, mean age 73.7 years) and young adults (8/16, mean age 25.0 years), were recruited and participated in this study. The handling cycle consisted of seven main tasks. Data analysis started with the analysis of task effectiveness for searching for error-related tasks. Subsequently, the in-depth gaze data analysis focused on these identified critical tasks. In order to understand the challenges of user cognition in critical tasks, gaze data were analyzed with respect to individual user interface features of the medical device system. Therefore, it focused on the two dimensions of dwell time and fixation duration of the gaze. RESULTS In total, 97% of the handling steps for design 1 and 96% for design 2 were performed correctly, with the main challenges being task 1 insert, task 2 connect, and task 6 disconnect for both designs. In order to understand the two analyzed dimensions of the physiological measurements simultaneously, the authors propose a new graphical representation. It distinguishes four different patterns to compare the eye movements associated with the two designs. The patterns identified for the critical tasks are consistent with the results of the task performance. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that mobile eye tracking provides insights into information processing in intensive handling tasks related to individual user interface features. The evaluation of each feature of the user interface promises an optimal design by combining the best found features. In this way, manufacturers are able to develop products that can be used by untrained people without prior knowledge. This would allow home care to be provided not only by highly qualified nurses and caregivers, but also by patients themselves, partners, children, or neighbors.

Trends in software as a medical device (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Ceross ◽  
Jeroen Bergmann
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
The Us ◽  
Software Registration

UNSTRUCTURED Software-as-a-medical-device (SaMD) has gained popularity as a type of medical device. However, to date, empirical analysis of SaMD trends have been lacking. Using databases managed by the US medical device regulator (the Food and Drug Administration), we map the path SaMD takes towards classification and recorded adverse events. The findings show that while SaMD has been identified in literature as an area of development, the data analysis suggests that this growth has been modest. These devices are overwhelming classified as moderate to high risk and they take a very particular path to that classification. The digital revolution in health care is less pronounced when evidence is considered of SaMD. In general, the trend for software registration mimics that of medical devices.

The Think Aloud Method and User Interface Design

2006 ◽  
pp. 597-602
Author(s):  
M. W.M. Jaspers
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
User Interface ◽  
Computer System ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Computer Systems ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Cognitive Engineering ◽  
Think Aloud

Daily use of computer systems often has been hampered by poorly designed user interfaces. Since the functionality of a computer system is made available through its user interface, its design has a huge influence on the usability of these systems (Carroll, 2002; Preece, 2002). From the user’s perspective, the user interface is the only visible and, hence, most important part of the computer system; thus, it receives high priority in designing computer systems. A plea for human-oriented design in which the potentials of computer systems are tuned to the intended user in the context of their utilization has been made (Rossen & Carroll, 2002). An analysis of the strategies that humans use in performing tasks that are to be computer-supported is a key issue in human-oriented design of user interfaces. Good interface design thus requires a deep understanding of how humans perform a task that finally will be computer-supported. These insights then may be used to design a user interface that directly refers to their information processing activities. A variety of methodologies and techniques can be applied to analyze end users’ information processing activities in the context of a specific task environment among user-centered design methodologies. More specifically, cognitive engineering techniques are promoted to improve computer systems’ usability (Gerhardt-Powels, 1996; Stary & Peschl, 1998). Cognitive engineering as a field aims at understanding the fundamental principles behind human activities that are relevant in the context of designing a system that supports these activities (Stary & Peschl, 1998). The ultimate goal is to develop end versions of computer systems that support users of these systems to the maximum in performing tasks in such a way that the intended tasks can be accomplished with minimal cognitive effort. Empirical research has indeed shown that cognitively engineered interfaces are considered superior by users in terms of supporting task performance, workload, and satisfaction, compared to non-cognitively engineered interfaces (Gerhardt-Powels, 1996). Methods such as the think aloud method, verbal protocol analysis, or cognitive task analysis are used to analyze in detail the way in which humans perform tasks, mostly in interaction with a prototype computer system.

Modular user interface design for integrated surgical workplaces

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Benzko ◽  
Lisa Krause ◽  
Armin Janß ◽  
Björn Marschollek ◽  
Paul Merz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
User Interface Design ◽  
Hazard Communication ◽  
Work System ◽  
Communication Problems

AbstractSevere bottlenecks in usability and human technology interaction (HTI) of existing surgical workplaces and operating room (OR) equipment can occur today: lack of space, cable as trip hazard, communication problems between sterile and non-sterile staff, and operating errors in the handling of the medical devices. In fact, risks that are caused by poor usability can be critical, and studies show that most are preventable. This issue gets even more challenging in the context of open-OR networks regarding consistent and usable integration of user interfaces (UIs) of independently designed systems in one integrated surgical work system. In this work, a concept of generic UI profiles for the modular integration of a UI has been developed and first prototypes have been implemented. The concept is essentially based on the approach of device profiles developed in the context of the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung project OR.NET (

There is More to Error in Healthcare than the Care Provider

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 952-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn Sue Bogner
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Care Provider ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Adverse Outcome ◽  
Order Entry ◽  
Medical Device Design ◽  
Design Activities ◽  
And Behavior

Typically when an error occurs in healthcare, the care provider is considered the cause. Because that person committed the act that lead to the adverse outcome efforts to address the error are directed to that person. Indeed, human factors practitioners have developed remedial training and their medical device design activities have emphasized user interface design. This paper presents the case for expanding that focus based on the realization that the act of committing an error is a behavior and behavior reflects the interaction of the person and factors in the environment. The counterintuitive findings that more errors occur in prescribing medications with computer order entry than with handwritten script are discussed in terms of this approach.

Utilizing Cognitive Resources in User Interface Designs

2012 ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Serkan Özel
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
User Interface ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Concept Acquisition ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Brain Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Information Processing ◽  
Cognitive Information

This chapter focuses on multiple representations and cognitive perspective about presenting information via different modes in user interface design. Research studies indicate that providing accurate representations increases users’ recognition of information. Moreover, presentation of one concept in multiple modes improves concept acquisition. Developing an understanding of how concept acquisition occurs requires knowledge about cognitive information processing and brain functioning. Scientific studies related to brain functioning will enlighten the path in front of cognitive psychology while the cognitive psychology research will advance the knowledge base on information processing.

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