scholarly journals Using Ambient Assisted Living to Monitor Older Adults With Alzheimer Disease: Single-Case Study to Validate the Monitoring Report

10.2196/20215 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e20215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Lussier ◽  
Aline Aboujaoudé ◽  
Mélanie Couture ◽  
Maxim Moreau ◽  
Catherine Laliberté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Living ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Ambient Assisted Living ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Over Time

Background Many older adults choose to live independently in their homes for as long as possible, despite psychosocial and medical conditions that compromise their independence in daily living and safety. Faced with unprecedented challenges in allocating resources, home care administrators are increasingly open to using monitoring technologies known as ambient assisted living (AAL) to better support care recipients. To be effective, these technologies should be able to report clinically relevant changes to support decision making at an individual level. Objective The aim of this study is to examine the concurrent validity of AAL monitoring reports and information gathered by care professionals using triangulation. Methods This longitudinal single-case study spans over 490 days of monitoring a 90-year-old woman with Alzheimer disease receiving support from local health care services. A clinical nurse in charge of her health and social care was interviewed 3 times during the project. Linear mixed models for repeated measures were used to analyze each daily activity (ie, sleep, outing activities, periods of low mobility, cooking-related activities, hygiene-related activities). Significant changes observed in data from monitoring reports were compared with information gathered by the care professional to explore concurrent validity. Results Over time, the monitoring reports showed evolving trends in the care recipient’s daily activities. Significant activity changes occurred over time regarding sleep, outings, cooking, mobility, and hygiene-related activities. Although the nurse observed some trends, the monitoring reports highlighted information that the nurse had not yet identified. Most trends detected in the monitoring reports were consistent with the clinical information gathered by the nurse. In addition, the AAL system detected changes in daily trends following an intervention specific to meal preparation. Conclusions Overall, trends identified by AAL monitoring are consistent with clinical reports. They help answer the nurse’s questions and help the nurse develop interventions to maintain the care recipient at home. These findings suggest the vast potential of AAL technologies to support health care services and aging in place by providing valid and clinically relevant information over time regarding activities of daily living. Such data are essential when other sources yield incomplete information for decision making.

scholarly journals Using Ambient Assisted Living to Monitor Older Adults With Alzheimer Disease: Single-Case Study to Validate the Monitoring Report (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Lussier ◽  
Aline Aboujaoudé ◽  
Mélanie Couture ◽  
Maxim Moreau ◽  
Catherine Laliberté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Living ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Ambient Assisted Living ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Over Time

BACKGROUND Many older adults choose to live independently in their homes for as long as possible, despite psychosocial and medical conditions that compromise their independence in daily living and safety. Faced with unprecedented challenges in allocating resources, home care administrators are increasingly open to using monitoring technologies known as ambient assisted living (AAL) to better support care recipients. To be effective, these technologies should be able to report clinically relevant changes to support decision making at an individual level. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to examine the concurrent validity of AAL monitoring reports and information gathered by care professionals using triangulation. METHODS This longitudinal single-case study spans over 490 days of monitoring a 90-year-old woman with Alzheimer disease receiving support from local health care services. A clinical nurse in charge of her health and social care was interviewed 3 times during the project. Linear mixed models for repeated measures were used to analyze each daily activity (ie, sleep, outing activities, periods of low mobility, cooking-related activities, hygiene-related activities). Significant changes observed in data from monitoring reports were compared with information gathered by the care professional to explore concurrent validity. RESULTS Over time, the monitoring reports showed evolving trends in the care recipient’s daily activities. Significant activity changes occurred over time regarding sleep, outings, cooking, mobility, and hygiene-related activities. Although the nurse observed some trends, the monitoring reports highlighted information that the nurse had not yet identified. Most trends detected in the monitoring reports were consistent with the clinical information gathered by the nurse. In addition, the AAL system detected changes in daily trends following an intervention specific to meal preparation. CONCLUSIONS Overall, trends identified by AAL monitoring are consistent with clinical reports. They help answer the nurse’s questions and help the nurse develop interventions to maintain the care recipient at home. These findings suggest the vast potential of AAL technologies to support health care services and aging in place by providing valid and clinically relevant information over time regarding activities of daily living. Such data are essential when other sources yield incomplete information for decision making.

Application of Nonlinear Dynamics Theory to Neuro-Occupation: A Case Study of Alcoholism

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 349-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Haltiwanger ◽  
Ivelisse Lazzarini ◽  
Homer Nazeran
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamics ◽  
Therapeutic Relationship ◽  
Chaos Theory ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Hidden Order ◽  
Over Time

Nonlinear dynamics systems theory, also referred to as chaos theory, is infiltrating the biomedical and social sciences, including the practice of occupational therapy. Consequently, the Neuro-occupation model has emerged for the treatment of different illnesses, in which a therapist strives to apply the benefits of this theory. This model provides occupational therapists with a method of anticipating the natural flux between underlying or hidden order and chaos in occupations, which allows individuals to function at their highest level. These occupations typically involve the interaction of numerous variables over time. By considering a nonlinear dynamics approach in illnesses such as alcoholism, occupational therapists may understand how meaningful occupations serve as a catalyst to facilitate change, which may assist in better understanding the effect of the therapeutic relationship with the clients they serve. This paper explains the nonlinear dynamics of the interventions in a single case study on alcoholism using the Neuro-occupation model.

scholarly journals Mobile Robots and Autonomic Ambient Assisted Living

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanitta Brady ◽  
Roy Sterritt ◽  
George Wilkie
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Robot ◽  
Assisted Living ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Ambient Assisted Living ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Smart Environment ◽  
Sensor Faults ◽  
Ubiquitous Sensing ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The use of Smart Environments in the delivery of pervasive care is a research topic that has witnessed increasing interest in recent years. These environments aim to deliver pervasive care through ubiquitous sensing by monitoring the occupants Activities of Daily Living. In order for these environments to succeed in achieving their goal, it is crucial that sensors deployed in the environment perform faultlessly. In this research we investigate addressing anomalous sensor behavior through the utilization of a mobile robot. The robot’s role is twofold; it must provide substitution in the presence of suspected sensor faults and act as an observer of anomalous sensor behavior in order to understand the changes that occur in the behavior of sensors deployed within the environment over time. The aim of this work is to explore a paradigm shift to the use of Autonomic Ambient Assisted Living.We have discovered that the use of a mobile robot is a viable means of introducing this paradigm to a Smart Environment.

scholarly journals How do Requirements Evolve over Time? A Case Study Investigating the Role of Context and Experiences in the Evolution of Enterprise Software Requirements

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Schneider ◽  
Jan Wollersheim ◽  
Helmut Krcmar ◽  
Ali Sunyaev
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Software Requirements ◽  
Process Theory ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Enterprise Software ◽  
Adoption Decision ◽  
Over Time

In recent years, organizations have increasingly sourced cloud-based enterprise software (ES). Although comprehensively capturing organizations’ requirements considerably affects the success of an ES sourcing project, little is known about how requirements evolve beyond the implementation. We conduct a longitudinal, exploratory single-case study of the life cycle of cloud-based ES in a medium-sized organization. Over 5 years, we trace the evolution of requirements throughout the ES life cycle, beginning with the initial adoption decision and ending with considerations to retire the ES. We develop a process theory that explains how requirements evolve beyond ES implementation and throughout its life cycle. We isolate nine mechanisms that explain how contextual factors and experiences are intertwined and shape the evolution of requirements. We then develop seven propositions that explain how sourcing cloud-based ES alters the mechanisms that shape the evolution of requirements. Our findings emphasize that the evolution of requirements for cloud-based ES follows similar mechanisms to that of the requirements for on-premises ES but changes how particular mechanisms manifest. Sourcing cloud-based ES changes the influence of business divisions in acquisition and configuration activities, the role of upgrade and customization procedures, and the influence of the ES’ ecosystem.

scholarly journals Towards a Simulation Framework for Smart Indoor Spaces

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 7137
Author(s):  
Shadan Golestan ◽  
Ioanis Nikolaidis ◽  
Eleni Stroulia
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Ambient Assisted Living ◽  
Sensor Deployment ◽  
Simulation Framework ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Indoor Spaces ◽  
Over Time

The effectiveness of sensor-based applications for smart homes and smart buildings is conditioned upon the deployment configuration of their underlying sensors. Real-world evaluation of alternative possible sensor-deployment configurations is labor-intensive, costly, and time-consuming, which implies the need for a simulation-based methodology. In this work, we report on such a methodology that supports the modeling of indoor spaces, the activities of their occupants, and the behaviors of different types of sensors. We argue that, in order for a simulation to be useful for the purpose of evaluating a sensor deployment configuration, it has to generate realistic event streams of individual sensors over time, as well as realistic compositions of sensor events within a time window. We have evaluated our simulator for smart indoor spaces, SIMsis toolkit, in the context of our Smart-Condo ambient-assisted living platform, supporting the observation and analysis of activities of daily living (ADLs). Our findings indicate that SIMsis produces realistic agent traces and sensor readings, and has the potential to support the process of developing and deploying sensor-based applications.

A Preliminary Study Using a Daily Living Task to Assess Upper Limb Function: A Single Case Study of Upper Limb Hemiparesis

1994 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 294-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary Ilana Stern
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Spontaneous Recovery ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Upper Limb Hemiparesis

A single case study was used to evaluate a daily living task as an assessment tool. It was carried out on a daily basis on a patient with upper limb hemiparesis, referred for rehabilitation, over a period of 2 weeks, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment above that of spontaneous recovery. The task was broken down into six stages and each stage was assessed on a three-point scale. The results showed that performance in particular stages of the task could be used to guide treatment and was a quick and easy way to measure dally changes in the patient's functional status. However, it was difficult to separate the improvement due to treatment from learning effects and spontaneous recovery. There are limitations when carrying out a single case study in a rehabilitation setting which make more complicated studies difficult to pursue. The study did indicate that shoulder stability is required before proximal movements can be properly elicited. If further studies are carried out, a five-point rating scale may increase the sensitivity. Individual assessors and video recordings could be used for a more objective evaluation.

scholarly journals Examining Changes In The Strategic Alignment Models Alignment Factors Over Time: A Case Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry Ward
Keyword(s):  
Business Strategy ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Strategic Alignment ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Descriptive Model ◽  
Is Strategy ◽  
Limited Applicability ◽  
Alignment Model ◽  
Over Time

The strategic alignment model of Henderson and Venkatraman (1994) views IS alignment as occurring among four factors: business strategy, organization infrastructure and processes, IS strategy, and IS infrastructure and processes. Henderson and Venkatraman view strategic alignment as occurring via simultaneous or concurrent attention to all four domains. A single case study was conducted to examine how changes in the alignment factors actually occur over time. Our findings suggest that while H& V indicated the SAM is a descriptive model, it explains few of the changes that actually occurred in the case and has limited applicability as a descriptive model.

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