Systematic review protocol examining the effectiveness of non-Invasive Stimulation Techniques to Collect Urine in Newborn and Infants (Preprint)
BACKGROUND Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of common illness in newborn and infants. An accurate urine sample to diagnosis of UTI is crucial to ensure appropriate treatment to avoid delayed and false-treatment. However, data to assess the effectiveness and safety of non-invasive stimulation technique of collecting urine in newborn and infants are yet to be critically evaluated. OBJECTIVE This protocol aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the evidences related to the effectiveness and safety of non-invasive stimulation technique of collecting urine in newborn and infants. METHODS This protocol follows guideline according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocol and registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews. Seven databases will be searched from their inception to March 2020: PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE and cumulative index to nursing and allied health literature database. RESULTS This Systemic review will include randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) including quasi-randomized controlled trials (quasi-RCTs), observational studies (prospective cohort or retrospective cohort studies). We will perform data extraction, study selection, assessment with risk of bias and data analysis. Primary outcomes measure success in obtaining a urine sample. Secondary outcome measures included gender, age group, weight analysis, contamination rate and adverse effects. Study methodological appraisal of the studies will be assessed by the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tools. For sufficient data are available, a meta-analysis will be conducted. I2 statistics will be used to assess heterogeneity and identify potential sources. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review wills no requirement for ethical approval, without human beings involvement. This systematic review will be published electronically in a peer-reviewed journal, and will give healthcare practitioners good practical guide and information for the evidences related to the effectiveness of non-invasive stimulation techniques to collect urine in newborn and infants, aims to improve clinical outcomes.