scholarly journals Correlations between objective behavioral features collected from mobile and wearable devices, and depressive mood symptoms in affective disorders: A systematic review (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darius Adam Rohani ◽  
Maria Faurholt-Jepsen ◽  
Lars Vedel Kessing ◽  
Jakob Eyvind Bardram
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Depressive Mood ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Replication Studies ◽  
Mood Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Features

BACKGROUND Several studies have recently reported on the correlation between objective behavioral features collected via mobile and wearable technologies and depressive mood symptoms in affective disorders (unipolar disorder and bipolar disorder). However, individual studies have reported on different and sometimes contradicting results, and no quantitative systematic review of the correlation between objective behavioral features and depressive mood symptoms has been published. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this systematic review were to 1) provide an overview of correlations between objective behavioral features and depressive mood symptoms reported in the literature, and 2) investigate the strength and statistical significance of these correlations across studies. The answers to these questions could potentially help in the identification on which objective features have shown most promising results across studies. METHODS A systematic review of the scientific literature reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted. IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, Web of Sciences, PsychINFO, Pubmed, DBLP computer science bibliography, HTA, DARE, Scopus and Science Direct were searched and supplemented by hand examination of reference lists. The search ended 04/27-2017 and was limited to studies published 2007-2017. RESULTS A total of 46 studies were eligible for the review. These studies identified and investigated 85 unique objective behavioral features covering 17 various sensor data inputs. These features can be categorized into seven overall categories. Several features were found to have statistically significant and consistent correlation directionality with mood assessment (e.g., the amount of home stay, sleep duration, vigorous activity), while others showed directionality discrepancies across the studies (e.g., amount of SMS sent, time you spend between locations, frequency of smartphone screen activity). CONCLUSIONS Several studies showed consistent and statistically significant correlations between objective behavioral features collected by mobile and wearable technology and depressive mood symptoms. Hence, continuous and every-day monitoring of behavioral aspects in affective disorders could be a promising supplementary objective measure to estimate depressive mood symptoms. However, the evidence is limited by methodological issues in individual studies and by a lack of standardization of 1) the collected objective features, 2) the mood assessment methodology, and 3) the statistical methods applied. Therefore, consistency in data collection and analysis in future studies is needed making replication studies as well as meta-analyses possible.

A systematic review and meta-analysis on endovascular treatment as an attractive alternative for acute superior mesenteric venous thrombosis

Vascular ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 170853812199127
Author(s):  
Lixin Wang ◽  
Enci Wang ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Xiaolong Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Surgery Group

Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the published data on the efficacy and safety of therapies for superior mesenteric venous thrombosis (SMVT), aiming to provide a reference and set of recommendations for clinical treatment. Methods Relevant databases were searched for studies published from 2000 to June 2020 on SMVT treated with conservative treatment, surgical treatment, or endovascular approach. Different treatment types were grouped for analysis and comparison, and odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The outcomes were pooled using meta-analytic methods and presented by forest plots. Results Eighteen articles, including eight on SMVT patients treated with endovascular therapies, were enrolled. The treatment effectiveness was compared between different groups according to the change of symptoms, the occurrence of complications, and mortality as well. The conservative treatment group had better efficacy compared to the surgery group (89.0% vs. 78.6%, P <0.05), and the one-year survival rate was also higher (94.4% vs. 80.0%, P >0.05), but without statistical significance. As for endovascular treatment, the effectiveness was significantly higher than the surgery group (94.8% vs. 75.2%, P <0.05), and the conservative treatment group as well (93.3% vs. 86.3%, P >0.05), which still requires further research for the lack of statistical significance. Conclusions Present findings indicate that anticoagulation, as conservative treatment should be the preferred clinical option in the clinic for SMVT, due to its better curative effect compared to other treatment options, including lower mortality, fewer complications, and better prognosis. Moreover, endovascular treatment is a feasible and promising approach that is worth in-depth research, for it is less invasive than surgery and has relatively better effectiveness, thus can provide an alternative option for SMVT treatment and may be considered as a reliable method in clinical.

scholarly journals Individual Resilience Interventions: A Systematic Review in Adult Population Samples over the Last Decade

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7564
Author(s):  
Mafalda Ferreira ◽  
António Marques ◽  
Paulo Veloso Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Individual Resilience ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Great Heterogeneity

Resilience interventions have been gaining importance among researchers due to their potential to provide well-being and reduce the prevalence of mental disorders that are becoming an increasing concern, especially in Western countries, because of the costs associated. The purpose of this systematic review is to identify the intervention studies carried out in the last decade in adult population samples, evaluate their methodological quality and highlight the trends of these types of interventions. This review was performed using systematic literature searches in the following electronic databases: B-on, PubMed, PsycNet and Science Direct. The application of eligibility criteria resulted in the inclusion of 38 articles, of which 33 were randomized controlled trials and the other five were nonrandomized controlled studies. Although most studies showed statistical significance for their results, these were constrained by the great heterogeneity of the studies, the lack of power of the samples and their fair methodological quality. Therefore, it is important to consolidate the theoretical basis and standardize certain methodologies so that the effects of the interventions can be compared through a meta-analysis.

scholarly journals Indicators of response to exercise training: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e044676
Author(s):  
Arash Ardavani ◽  
Hariz Aziz ◽  
Bethan E Phillips ◽  
Brett Doleman ◽  
Imran Ramzan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Exercise Response ◽  
High Intensity Interval

BackgroundMeans-based analysis of maximal rate of oxygen consumption (VO2max) has traditionally been used as the exercise response indicator to assess the efficacy of endurance (END), high intensity interval (HIIT) and resistance exercise training (RET) for improving cardiorespiratory fitness and whole-body health. However, considerable heterogeneity exists in the interindividual variability response to the same or different training modalities.ObjectivesWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate exercise response rates in the context of VO2max: (1) in each training modality (END, HIIT and RET) versus controls, (2) in END versus either HIIT or RET and (3) exercise response rates as measured by VO2max versus other indicators of positive exercise response in each exercise modality.MethodsThree databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, CENTRAL) and additional sources were searched. Both individual response rate and population average data were incorporated through continuous data, respectively. Of 3268 identified manuscripts, a total of 29 studies were suitable for qualitative synthesis and a further 22 for quantitative. Stratification based on intervention duration (less than 12 weeks; more than or equal to 12 weeks) was undertaken.ResultsA total of 62 data points were procured. Both END and HIIT training exhibited differential improvements in VO2max based on intervention duration. VO2max did not adequately differentiate between END and HIIT, irrespective of intervention length. Although none of the other exercise response indicators achieved statistical significance, LT and HRrest demonstrated common trajectories in pooled and separate analyses between modalities. RET data were highly limited. Heterogeneity was ubiquitous across all analyses.ConclusionsThe potential for LT and HRrest as indicators of exercise response requires further elucidation, in addition to the exploration of interventional and intrinsic sources of heterogeneity.

Do sexist jokes increase rape proclivity among males high in hostile sexism? Evidence from two pre-registered direct replications of Thomae & Viki (2013)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil McLatchie ◽  
Manuela Thomae
Keyword(s):  
Bayes Factor ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Bayes Factors ◽  
Hostile Sexism ◽  
Replication Studies ◽  
Open Research ◽  
Rape Proclivity

Thomae and Viki (2013) reported that increased exposure to sexist humour can increase rape proclivity among males, specifically those who score high on measures of Hostile Sexism. Here we report two pre-registered direct replications (N = 530) of Study 2 from Thomae and Viki (2013) and assess replicability via (i) statistical significance, (ii) Bayes factors, (iii) the small-telescope approach, and (iv) an internal meta-analysis across the original and replication studies. The original results were not supported by any of the approaches. Combining the original study and the replications yielded moderate evidence in support of the null over the alternative hypothesis with a Bayes factor of B = 0.13. In light of the combined evidence, we encourage researchers to exercise caution before claiming that brief exposure to sexist humour increases male’s proclivity towards rape, until further pre-registered and open research demonstrates the effect is reliably reproducible.

scholarly journals Reproducible and Transparent Research Practices in Published Neurology Research

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelby Rauh ◽  
Trevor Torgerson ◽  
Austin L. Johnson ◽  
Jonathan Pollard ◽  
Daniel Tritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Replication Studies ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Pubmed Search

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this study was to evaluate the nature and extent of reproducible and transparent research practices in neurology research.MethodsThe NLM catalog was used to identify MEDLINE-indexed neurology journals. A PubMed search of these journals was conducted to retrieve publications over a 5-year period from 2014 to 2018. A random sample of publications was extracted. Two authors conducted data extraction in a blinded, duplicate fashion using a pilot-tested Google form. This form prompted data extractors to determine whether publications provided access to items such as study materials, raw data, analysis scripts, and protocols. In addition, we determined if the publication was included in a replication study or systematic review, was preregistered, had a conflict of interest declaration, specified funding sources, and was open access.ResultsOur search identified 223,932 publications meeting the inclusion criteria, from which 300 were randomly sampled. Only 290 articles were accessible, yielding 202 publications with empirical data for analysis. Our results indicate that 8.99% provided access to materials, 9.41% provided access to raw data, 0.50% provided access to the analysis scripts, 0.99% linked the protocol, and 3.47% were preregistered. A third of sampled publications lacked funding or conflict of interest statements. No publications from our sample were included in replication studies, but a fifth were cited in a systematic review or meta-analysis.ConclusionsCurrent research in the field of neurology does not consistently provide information needed for reproducibility. The implications of poor research reporting can both affect patient care and increase research waste. Collaborative intervention by authors, peer reviewers, journals, and funding sources is needed to mitigate this problem.

scholarly journals The Association between Periodontitis and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-217
Author(s):  
Karn Wijarnpreecha ◽  
Panadeekarn Panjawatanan ◽  
Wisit Cheungpasitporn ◽  
Frank J Lukens ◽  
Denise M Harnois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Unadjusted Analysis

Background and Aims: Recent studies have suggested an association between periodontitis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) although the results were inconsistent. The current systematic review and meta- analysis was conducted with the aim to comprehensively investigate this possible association by identifying all relevant studies and combining their results together. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted utilizing the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases through December 2019 to identify all studies that compared the risk of NAFLD among patients with periodontitis to individuals without periodontitis. Effect estimates from each study were extracted and combined using the random-effect, generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird. Results: A total of five studies with 27,703 participants fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. All five studies reported the magnitude of association between NAFLD and periodontitis that was diagnosed based on the periodontal pocket depth of > 3.5-4 mm. The pooled OR of unadjusted analysis was 1.48 (95%CI: 1.15-1.89; I 2 92%). However, when adjusted results from the primary studies were used, pooled OR decreased to 1.13 and lost its statistical significance (95%CI: 0.95–1.35; I 2 67%). Three studies reported the magnitude of association between NAFLD and periodontitis that was diagnosed based on a clinical attachment level of ≥ 3 mm. The pooled OR of unadjusted analysis was 1.13 (95%CI: 1.07-1.20; I 2 0%). However, when adjusted results from the primary studied were used, pooled OR decreased to 1.08 and lost its statistical significance (95%CI: 0.94–1.24; I 2 58%). Conclusions: The study found a significant association between periodontitis and NAFLD. However, the association lost its significance when various metabolic parameters were adjusted, suggesting that those metabolic conditions, not periodontitis itself, were predisposing factors for NAFLD.

scholarly journals Effects of Anti-Diabetic Drugs on Fracture Risk: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Sheng Zhang ◽  
Yan-Dan Zheng ◽  
Yan Yuan ◽  
Shi-Chun Chen ◽  
Bao-Cheng Xie
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Sex Distribution ◽  
Risk Of Fracture ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

PurposeAvailable data on the effects of anti-diabetic drugs on fracture risk are contradictory. Therefore, our study aimed to analyze all available data on the effects of anti-diabetic drugs on fracture risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.MethodsEmbase, Medline, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched for relevant trials. All data analyses were performed with STATA (12.0) and R language (3.6.0). Risk ratio (RR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated by combining data for the fracture effects of anti-diabetic drugs, including sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, meglitinides, α-glucosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, biguanides, insulin, and sulfonylureas.ResultsOne hundred seventeen eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 221,364 participants were included in this study. Compared with placebo, trelagliptin (RR 3.51; 1.58–13.70) increased the risk of fracture, whereas albiglutide (RR 0.29; 0.04–0.93) and voglibose (RR 0.03; 0–0.11) decreased the risk of fracture. Other medications were comparable in terms of their effects on fracture risk, and no statistical significance was observed. In terms of fractures, voglibose (0.01%) may be the safest option, and trelagliptin (13.64%) may be the worst. Sensitivity analysis results were consistent with those of the main analysis. No statistically significant differences were observed in the regression coefficients of age (1.03; 0.32–2.1), follow-up duration (0.79; 0.27–1.64), and sex distribution (0.63; 0.15–1.56).ConclusionsWe found varied results on the association between the use of anti-diabetic drugs and fracture risk. Specifically, trelagliptin raised the risk of fracture, whereas voglibose and albiglutide showed benefit with statistical difference. Other drugs were comparable in terms of their effects on fracture risk. Some drugs (omarigliptin, sitagliptin, vildagliptin, saxagliptin, empagliflozin, ertugliflozin, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, and nateglinide) may increase the risk of fracture, while others (such as dulaglutide, exenatide, liraglutide, semaglutide, lixisenatide, linagliptin, alogliptin, canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, glipizide, gliclazide, glibenclamide, glimepiride, metformin, and insulin) may show benefits. The risk of fracture was independent of age, sex distribution, and the duration of exposure to anti-diabetic drugs. When developing individualized treatment strategies, the clinical efficacy of anti-diabetic drugs must be weighed against their benefits and risks brought about by individual differences of patients.Systematic Review RegistrationThis Systematic Review was prospectively registered on the PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, registration number CRD42020189464).

715 Early Ambulation for Enhanced Recovery After Burn Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S189-S189
Author(s):  
Tomer Lagziel ◽  
Margarita Ramos ◽  
Kevin M Klifto ◽  
Stella Steal ◽  
Julie Caffrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Early Ambulation ◽  
Lengths Of Stay ◽  
Operative Care ◽  
Burn Surgery ◽  
Operative Recovery

Abstract Introduction Accurate models are a fundamental prognostic tool for risk stratification, therapy guidance, resource allocation, and comparative effectiveness research. Enhanced recovery after surgery protocols are developed to increase early post-operative recovery rates in surgical patients. Due to the unique nature of burn injuries and post-operative care, there is a need to develop a protocol unique to burn surgery, enhanced recovery after burn surgery. Methods The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) and Cochrane guidelines were strictly followed throughout the study. Search terms were utilized to capture the relevant studies relating to early ambulation of adult burn patients (&gt;18 years of age) and their post-surgical outcomes such as graft take, time to discharge, pain levels, VTEs, and length-of-stay. Results Thirteen of 888 studies retrieved from the search query were eligible for systematic review and meta-analysis. Patients with delayed ambulation, after 5 or more days were found to have increased pain levels at rest (p=0.02) and when ambulating (p=0.08). One study found an increased infection rate in late ambulatory patients (p=0.22). Most results from studies did not have significant data that was relevant to our extraction. For example, only one study assessed pain levels and only three studies notes zero venous thromboembolisms (without statistical significance). Conclusions Limited evidence exists relating to thromboembolic events and time-to-ambulation in post-operative burn patients. There are no significant differences in the number of events between early and late ambulation groups. Early ambulation should be included as part of the ERABS protocol for lower risks of hospital-acquired infections due to shorter lengths-of-stay. Decreased associated pain levels could lead to decreased risk for opioid dependence. Due to limited literature references, these conclusions are immature and more studies should be performed in order to develop more accurate and effective protocols. Applicability of Research to Practice Burn surgery recovery patients are unique. Therefore, specialized protocols must be developed to enhance their post-operative care.

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