scholarly journals Opportunities of MRI in the early diagnosis of the progression of muscular dystrophies

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
H.V. Palahuta
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Muscular Dystrophies ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Progressive Muscle Weakness ◽  
Rare Group

Progressive muscular dystrophies are a genetically heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by progressive muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, and movement disorders. This is a rare group of pathologies that presents a diagnostic problem in the practice of a neurologist. The combination of clinical, radiological, and laboratory methods of examination plays an important role in making the correct diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging of muscles is used to diagnose primary muscle damage based on specific patterns of muscle damage. In this article, we will briefly discuss the opportunities of early diagnosis of muscular dystrophies and note the role of MRI of muscles as a highly informative diagnostic method in progressive muscle diseases.

scholarly journals The role of magnetic resonance imaging of muscles in the differential diagnosis of certain forms and subtypes of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy: case analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
H.V. Palahuta ◽  
O.Ye. Fartushna
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Progressive Muscular Dystrophy

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy is a genetically heterogeneous group of disorders that are characterized by slowly progressing muscle weakness and presents a diagnostic problem in the neurological practice. The combination of clinical, radiological, and laboratory methods of examination plays an important role in referring the patient to genetic counseling and making the correct diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging of muscles is increasingly used to give clues in the primary muscle damage diagnosis, based on specific patterns of muscle lesion. The article provides two clinical cases as an example of an integrated approach to the diagnosis of progressive muscular dystrophy using genetic analysis and magnetic resonance imaging of muscles

scholarly journals Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spinal Tap in Early Diagnosis of Tuberculous Meningitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-130
Author(s):  
Salma Haji
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Tuberculous Meningitis ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Brain ◽  
Csf Analysis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is difficult to diagnose in early stages due to nonspecific symptoms. There should be high index of suspicion to diagnose TBM at an early stage. The objective of the study was to find out the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spinal tap in early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from July 2015 till July 2018 at Neuromedicine ward, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi. All patients above 12 year of age, both male and female with nonspecific symptoms like headache, malaise and drowsiness or suspicion of TBM (stage I, II, and III according to British Medical Research Council TBM staging criteria) were included in the study. Patients diagnosed with other CNS disease like encephalitis, malaria and acute bacterial meningitis were excluded. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the brain and early spinal tap for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis were used to diagnose TBM and findings were noted. Results of MRI and CSF analysis were analyzed by SPSS version 24. Results: A total of 110 patients of TBM, with 60 (54.5%) male and 50 (45.5%) female patients were included in the study. Most of the patients belonged to a younger age group of 12-40 years (81.8%), while 18.2% were above 40 years of age. About 90% patients were diagnosed in stage I TBM and 10% in stage II and III. MRI brain findings included meningeal enhancement (60%), hydrocephalus (41.81%) cerebral edema (82.73%), tuberculoma (19%) and infarct (14.5%), respectively. CSF analysis showed low protein in 80%, low glucose in 91.8% and lymphocytic pleocytosis in 97.2%, respectively. Conclusion: Both MRI brain and spinal tap with CSF analysis played a role in the early diagnosis of TBM, which is important to prevent the lethal complications associated with late diagnosis of this disease.

Role of MRI in the diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (34) ◽  
pp. 1362-1367
Author(s):  
Endre Pál ◽  
Katalin Dérczy
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Neuromuscular Disease ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorders ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Muscular Dystrophies ◽  
Genetic Tests ◽  
Muscle Involvement ◽  
Whole Body Mri

Recently, the assessment of the muscles using limb MRI and whole body MRI has become widely available and more frequent. In cases of muscular dystrophies it may help to select the optimal muscles for biopsy, because the severely atrophic and degenerated muscles are not suitable for histological tests. It is also known that the pattern of muscle involvement is characteristic for a certain neuromuscular disease, and clinically silent muscle damage can be visualized, as well. Therefore, imaging of muscles is helpful in neuromuscular differential diagnosis and planning genetic tests. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 1362–1367.

scholarly journals Diagnóstico de esclerose múltipla por ressonância magnética

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Vivaldo Medeiros Santos
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Diagnosis ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Esclerosis Múltiple ◽  
Advanced Stages

Analisar Este estudo tem o objetivo de apresentar as características, particularidades e aplicações variadas do exame de ressonância magnética no diagnóstico da esclerose múltipla (EM), apresentando suas vantagens e desvantagens no diagnóstico diferencial destas afecções. Está delineado pela proposta de uma pesquisa embasada nos pressupostos da revisão da literatura. Com isso, utilizou para análise estudos que tenham sido publicados em periódicos nacionais e internacionais, indexados em base de dados como BIREME e SCIELO, que tenham como enfoque principal a questão que envolve os critérios para a importância da ressonância magnética como método diagnóstico. Com o resultado da pesquisa foi possível concluir que o papel do diagnóstico por imagem na investigação da EM se mostra de muita importância, visto que apenas com a investigação clínica não é possível ter a certeza desta patologia se mostrando, então, como um importante instrumento auxiliar na detecção dos estágios iniciais e avançados da doença, permitindo a visualização das imagens e dos processos inerentes à patologia em questão.Descritores: Ressonância Magnética, Esclerose Múltipla, Diagnóstico. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis by magnetic resonance imagingAbstract: This study aims to present the characteristics, particularities and varied applications of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), presenting its advantages and disadvantages in the differential diagnosis Of these affections. It is delineated by the proposal of a research based on the assumptions of the literature review. Thus, studies that have been published in national and international journals, indexed in databases such as BIREME and SCIELO, have been used to analyze the main focus of the issue that involves the criteria for the importance of magnetic resonance as a diagnostic method. With the result of the research it was possible to conclude that the role of imaging diagnosis in the investigation of EM is very important, since only with clinical research it is not possible to be sure of this pathology showing, then, as an important auxiliary tool to detect the early and advanced stages of the disease, allowing the visualization of the images and processes inherent to the pathology in question.Descriptors: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Multiple Sclerosis, Diagnosis.Diagnóstico de la esclerosis múltiple por resonancia magnéticaResumen: Este estudio pretende presentar las características, particularidades y variadas aplicaciones de la resonancia magnética en el diagnóstico de la esclerosis múltiple (EM), presentando sus ventajas y desventajas en el diagnóstico diferencial de estos afectos. Está delineado por la propuesta de una investigación basada en los supuestos de la revisión bibliográfica. Así, se han utilizado estudios publicados en revistas nacionales e internacionales, indexados en bases de datos como BIREME y SCIELO, para analizar el enfoque principal del tema que involucra los criterios de la importancia de la resonancia magnética como método de diagnóstico. Con el resultado de la investigación fue posible concluir que el papel del diagnóstico por imágenes en la investigación del EM es muy importante, puesto que solamente con la investigación clínica no es posible estar seguro de esta patología monstrándose, entonces, como una importante herramienta auxiliar para detectar las etapas tempranas y avanzadas de la enfermedad, permitiendo la visualización de las imágenes y procesos inherentes a la patología en cuestión.Descriptores: Imagen de Resonancia Magnética, Esclerosis Múltiple, Diagnóstico.

scholarly journals Clinical, pathological, imaging, and genetic characteristics of patients with progressive muscular dystrophies

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
H.V. Palahuta
Keyword(s):  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Muscular Dystrophies ◽  
Diagnostic Problem ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Inherited Disorders ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Progressive Muscle Weakness ◽  
Combined Use

Muscular dystrophies are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders that share similar clinical features. Being a rare disease, muscular dystrophy represents a huge diagnostic problem for clinicians. Clinically, muscular dystrophies are characterized by progressive muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, and movement disorders. The combination of clinical signs and analysis of the possible type of inheritance allows one to suspect specific forms of muscular dystrophy. Clinicians increasingly need to rely on electrophysiological, imaging, and genetic data for more accurate differential diagnosis. The paper presents the results of the combined use of magnetic resonance imaging of the thigh muscles and electromyography in 17 patients with muscular dystrophy.

Role of Ultrasound in Early Diagnosis of Stress Fracture: A Case Report of Bilateral Distal Fibular Stress Fracture in a Female Recreational Badminton Player

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hak Jun Kim ◽  
Young Hwan Park ◽  
Jae Young Kim ◽  
Gi Won Choi
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Stress Fracture ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ankle Pain ◽  
Distal Fibula ◽  
Alternative Modality ◽  
The Right

A 34-year-old female recreational badminton player presented with left ankle pain 1 week after a recreational badminton game. She reported experiencing a similar pattern of pain in her right ankle 4 months before that had persisted for 3 months. On plain radiography, callus formation was evident on the right distal fibula, and a subtle lesion was observed on the left side. Ultrasound was performed with the clinical suspicion of bilateral, nonsimultaneous, distal fibular stress fracture. Focal hyperechoic thickening of the periosteum with irregularity and hypoechoic periosteal edema over the left distal fibula were identified. These findings were consistent with stress fracture, and an early phase of distal fibular stress fracture was diagnosed. This case report highlights that ultrasound can be an alternative modality to magnetic resonance imaging or bone scan scintigraphy for the early diagnosis of stress fracture.

The role of magnetic resonance imaging in acute trauma of the cervical spine in children

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 105-115
Author(s):  
I. A. Korneev ◽  
T. A. Akhadov ◽  
I. A. Mel'nikov ◽  
O. S. Iskhakov ◽  
N. A. Semenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Cervical Spine Trauma ◽  
Spine Trauma ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Acute Trauma

Aim.To evaluate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a diagnostic method in children with acute trauma of the cervical spine and spinal cord, to compare the correspondence of MRI results with neurologic symptoms in accordance with the ASIA scale.Materials and methods.156 children with acute trauma of spine and spinal cord at the age from 6 months up to 18 years were studied. MRI was performed on a Phillips Achieva 3T scanner. The standard protocol included MYUR (myelography) in coronal and sagittal projections, STIR and T2VI FS SE in sagittal projection, T2VI SE or T2 * VI FSGE (axial projection), 3D T1VI FSGE before and after contrast enhancement. Contrast substance was injected intravenously in the form of a bolus at the rate of 0.1 mmol/kg (equivalent to 0.1 ml/kg) at a rate of 3 to 4 ml.Results.The causes of cervical spine blunt trauma were: road accidents (55), catatrauma (60), “diver” trauma (21), blunt trauma (20). Intramedullary lesions of the spinal cord were detected: concussion (49), bruising / crushing (27), hematomia (34), disruption with divergence of segments (21), accompanied by edema (141); extramedullary lesions: epi- and subdural, intralesive and sub-connective and soft tissues hematomas (68), ruptures of bundles (48), fractures (108), dislocation and subluxation of the vertebrae (35), traumatic disc herniation (37), spinal cord compression and/or rootlets (63), statics violation (134), instability (156).Conclusion.MRI is the optimal method for spinal cord injury diagnostics. In the acute period of injury this technique has limited application, but it can however serve as a primary diagnostic method in these patients. MRI should be performed no later than the first 72 hours after injury. The most optimal for visualization of cervical spine trauma and spinal cord are T2VI SE and STIR in sagittal projection with suppression of signal from fat. MRI results correlate with neurologic symptoms at the time of performance according to the ASIA scale, and therefore MRI should be performed in all patients with acute cervical spine trauma, whenever possible.

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