scholarly journals Research on the Trade Effects of China’s Direct Investment in ASEAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. p175
Author(s):  
Shuang-lin LUO ◽  
Min ZHOU ◽  
Yu-feng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Direct Investment ◽  
Variable Parameter ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Mechanical Equipment ◽  
Percentage Point Increase ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Investment In China ◽  
The Impact

Based on the data of China’s direct investment and trade in ASEAN countries from 2004 to 2018, this paper established a variable parameter model, variable intercept model and constant coefficient model with panel data, and investigated the heterogeneous impact of China’s direct investment in ASEAN countries on their import and export trade and the impact mechanism. It is found that China’s direct investment in ASEAN will be deposited in the trade between China and 10 ASEAN countries, creating effects for trade, and the size of the effect varies with the host country. On average, when other factors remain unchanged, every 1 percentage point increase in China’s direct investment flows to ASEAN countries will increase exports to ASEAN countries by 0.54%, imports will increase by 0.44%. Further studies have found that our country to Brunei, Indonesia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand’s export create effect is greater than the imported create effect, on the whole, China’s investment in the five countries promoted the net exports, mainly on its investment in China, led to many mechanical equipment and other related products exports, and imports mainly import countries have their comparative advantages of products, variety is less.

The Effect of Taxation and Corruption on Firm Growth: An Empirical Investigation for Vietnam

2016 ◽  
pp. 5-29
Author(s):  
Bich Le Thi Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Firm Growth ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Percentage Point Increase ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study is to analyze empirically the impact of taxation and corruption on the growth of manufacturing firms in Vietnam. The study employed pooled OLS estimation and then instrument variables with fixed effect for the panel data of 1377 firms in Vietnam from 2005 to 2011. These data were obtained from the survey of the Central Institute for Economic Management and the Danish International Development Agency. The results show that both taxation and corruption are negatively associated with firm growth measured by firm sales adjusted according to the GDP deflator. A one-percentage point increase in the bribery rate is linked with a reduction of 16,883 percentage points in firm revenue, over four and a half times bigger than the effect of a one-percentage point increase in the tax rate. From the findings of this research, the author recommends the Vietnam government to lessen taxation on firms and that there should be an urgent revolution in anti-corruption policies as well as bureaucratic improvement in Vietnam.

scholarly journals Planning prompts to promote uptake of HIV services among men: a randomised trial in rural Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. e003390
Author(s):  
Nolan M Kavanagh ◽  
Elisabeth M Schaffer ◽  
Alex Ndyabakira ◽  
Kara Marson ◽  
Diane V Havlir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Campaign ◽  
Percentage Point Increase ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
Cost Planning ◽  
Testing Uptake ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionInterventions informed by behavioural economics, such as planning prompts, have the potential to increase HIV testing at minimal or no cost. Planning prompts have not been previously evaluated for HIV testing uptake. We conducted a randomised clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of low-cost planning prompts to promote HIV testing among men.MethodsWe randomised adult men in rural Ugandan parishes to receive a calendar planning prompt that gave them the opportunity to make a plan to get tested for HIV at health campaigns held in their communities. Participants received either a calendar showing the dates when the community health campaign would be held (control group) or a calendar showing the dates and prompting them to select a date and time when they planned to attend (planning prompt group). Participants were not required to select a date and time or to share their selection with study staff. The primary outcome was HIV testing uptake at the community health campaign.ResultsAmong 2362 participants, 1796 (76%) participants tested for HIV. Men who received a planning prompt were 2.2 percentage points more likely to test than the control group, although the difference was not statistically significant (77.1% vs 74.9%; 95% CI –1.2 to 5.7 percentage points, p=0.20). The planning prompt was more effective among men enrolled ≤40 days before the campaigns (3.6 percentage-point increase in testing; 95% CI –2.9 to 10.1, p=0.27) than among men enrolled >40 days before the campaigns (1.8 percentage-point increase; 95% CI –2.3 to 5.8, p=0.39), although the effects within the subgroups were not significant.ConclusionThese findings suggest that planning prompts may be an effective behavioural intervention to promote HIV testing at minimal or no cost. Large-scale studies should further assess the impact and cost-effectiveness of such interventions.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF TRADE ON CHILD LABOR: EVIDENCE FROM SELECTED SAARC AND ASEAN COUNTRIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rossazana Ab-Rahim ◽  
Bilal Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Child Labor ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Selection Effect ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Trade Theory ◽  
Differentiated Goods ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Total Impact

Past studies have tended to investigate the relationship between trade and child labor under the traditional trade theories, while assuming that the trade in homogenous goods and the results show inconclusive evidence of a relationship. Hence, it would be interesting to investigate the trade effects of differentiated goods on child labor in the setting of the new trade theory. This study attempts to investigate the trade-induced child labor effects (selection, scale and technique effects) in selected Asian countries over the period from 1999 to 2013. The countries consist of the major South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries, namely: Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Nepal, and Sri Lanka and selected ASEAN countries, namely: Cambodia, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Thailand, where child labor is most common. The results of this study confirm that the total impact of trade on child labor also needs to account for the selection effect, in addition to the scale and technique effects. The findings imply trade liberalization hampers the child labor market in the context of the trade in differentiated goods.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON CO2 EMISSIONS IN ASEAN COUNTRIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 584-592
Author(s):  
Rizky Eriandani ◽  
Saiful Anam ◽  
Dewi Prastiwi ◽  
Ni Nyoman Alit Triani
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
The Impact

Savings Groups Reduce Vulnerability, but Have Mixed Effects on Financial Inclusion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Frisancho ◽  
Martín Valdivia
Keyword(s):  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Administrative Records ◽  
Labor Allocation ◽  
Percentage Point Increase ◽  
Cluster Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
Idiosyncratic Shocks ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
The Impact

This paper evaluates the impact of the introduction of savings groups on poverty, vulnerability, and financial inclusion outcomes in rural Peru. Using a cluster randomized control trial and relying on both survey and administrative records, we investigate the impact of savings groups after more than two years of exposure. We find t hat savings groups channel expensive investments such as housing improvements and reduce households' vulnerability to idiosyncratic shocks, particularly among households in poorer districts. The treatment also induces changes in households labor allocation choices: access to savings groups increases female labor market participation and, in poorer areas, it fosters greater specialization in agricultural activities. Access to savings groups also leads to a four-percentage point increase in access to credit among women, mainly driven by access to the groups loans. However, the introduction of savings groups has no impact on the likelihood of using formal financial services.On the contrary, it discourages access to loans from formal financial institutions and microfinance lenders among the unbanked.

scholarly journals Inflation Expectations and Readiness to Spend: Cross-Sectional Evidence

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Bachmann ◽  
Tim O. Berg ◽  
Eric R. Sims
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bound ◽  
Inflation Expectations ◽  
Zero Lower Bound ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Percentage Point Increase ◽  
Expected Inflation ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

There have been suggestions for monetary policy to engineer higher inflation expectations to stimulate spending. We examine the relationship between expected inflation and spending attitudes using the microdata from the Michigan Survey of Consumers. The impact of higher inflation expectations on the reported readiness to spend on durables is generally small, outside the zero lower bound, often statistically insignificant, and inside of it typically significantly negative. In our baseline specification, a one percentage point increase in expected inflation during the recent zero lower bound period reduces households' probability of having a positive attitude towards spending by about 0.5 percentage points. (JEL D12, D84, E21, E31, E52)

scholarly journals THE RESEARCH ON INTERFACE BETWEEN LITHUANIAN DIRECT INVESTMENT ABROAD AND FOREIGN TRADE FLOWS

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-151
Author(s):  
Anžela KOZLOVA ◽  
Algita MIEČINSKIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
General Development ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Analysis

The scientific research results related to foreign trade and direct investment abroad (DIA) are discussed in the article. The relation of the direct investment abroad and foreign trade is still under the discussion as there is no clear answer whether foreign trade is supplemented or replaced by the direct investment abroad. Since 1997 the flows of the direct investment abroad increased greately in Lithuania. Consequently, it is important to define the link between the DIA and foreign trade considering each country separately. Direct investment abroad and trade links in Lithuania in 1997–2014 are analyzed in the article. The research analysis involves Lithuanian direct investments in the developed countries except some countries, such as Belorus, Russia and Ukraine. It is defined that there is a positive bilateral link between Lithuanian direct investment abroad and foreign trade. It is also observed the impact of general development of Lithuanian direct investment abroad (considering certain countries) on the countries economy itself – imports can exceed exports. Engle-Granger causality test is applied in the research paper for the purpose of defining the impact of the DIA on the import and export range.

scholarly journals FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT LAW IN ASEAN COUNTRIES: PROSPECT FOR ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Mohamad Hanapi Bin Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Financial Integration ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Real Convergence ◽  
Financial Infrastructure ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Asean Economic Community

<p>The development of ASEAN towards the establishment of ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) at the end of 2015 has brought into sharp focus on the issue of economic and financial integration in the region. The ASEAN region has been the largest recipient of FDI, relative to GDP in Asia Pacific. Between 1952 and 2012, Singapore accounts for more than half of total FDI to the whole region. Thailand ranks the second with a 13 percent share, followed by Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam and the Philippines which account between 13 to 8 percent.  Foreign direct investment into ASEAN recovered from the world economic crisis and regained its 2007 level of USD 76 thousand million in 2010. ASEAN Dialogue Partners comprising EU, USA and Japan accounted USD 64 thousand million, while the share of Intra-ASEAN in this total was 16% which indicates the progress of ASEAN integration. Theories of economic integration and market liberalization have been used to explain the role of foreign direct investment in developing countries. This paper aims to examine ASEAN’s financial integration prospects. ASEAN integration could accelerate in the years ahead with enhancing financial infrastructure and reliable flexible policy frameworks. On the long term closer engagement among member countries could potentially increase real incomes and accelerate real convergence.</p>

scholarly journals An Evaluation of the Service Intensity Add-On Payment Policy Reform in the Medicare Hospice Benefit

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 62-62
Author(s):  
Thomas Christian ◽  
Pedro Gozalo ◽  
Joan Teno ◽  
Michael Plotzke
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life Care ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Service Intensity ◽  
Payment Policy ◽  
Percentage Point Increase ◽  
Medical Social Worker ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In 2016, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) implemented the Service Intensity Add-On (SIA) payment, which incentivized skilled nurse and medical social worker (SN/MSW) visits in the last seven days of life. Little is known about the impact of this initiative. Using 100% Medicare hospice claims, we identified a 10% random sample of Medicare hospice beneficiaries utilizing routine home care service during calendar years 2012-2018. We compared the provision of SN/MSW visits on service dates before and after the SIA’s implementation relative to beneficiaries’ date of death. We also determined hospice providers’ success in providing SN/MSW visits in the last days of life and categorized all providers into quintiles according to the average rate of these visits in the period prior to the SIA’s implementation. Cumulative over the last seven days of life, we calculated an increase of 15.7 SN/MSW minutes (95% confidence internal [CI] 14.9-16.5 minutes) per beneficiary after the SIA was implemented. The per-minute increase was greatest on days nearer to death (4.0 minutes day of death, 95% CI 3.6-4.2). There was no detectable visit increase on days which were ineligible for the SIA. Additionally, those providers in the quintile providing the lowest rate of SN/MSW visits pre-SIA exhibited a 14-percentage point increase in rates of these visits, the third, fourth, and fifth quintiles exhibited little change over time. Further monitoring is needed to ensure beneficiaries receive adequate end-of-life care.

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