scholarly journals ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF KNEMA ATTENUATA (HOOK. F. AND THOMSON) WARB ETHANOLIC STEM BARK EXTRACT IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 330-334
Author(s):  
SUPRIYA RAJA H
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: Knema attenuata (Myristicaceae), popularly known as “wild nutmeg,” is an endemic tree species from Western Ghats, which has been used in folk medicine. Conventionally, the stem bark of K. attenuata is used for treating inflammatory conditions without any scientific information available for the same. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic stem bark extract (ESBE) of K. attenuata using in vivo and in vitro screening models. Methods: The ethanolic extract of stem bark was prepared by soxhlation, and its cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 cell line was assessed using MTT assay method. In vivo anti-inflammatory effect of extract was estimated in rats using carrageenan-induced paw edema model and cotton pellet-induced granuloma model. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was evaluated by cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibition assay, estimation of myeloperoxidase activity, and determination of cellular nitrite levels in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Results: Toxic symptoms were not observed for the ESBE. The extract demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory activity in both in vivo and in vitro models. The anti-inflammatory action exhibited by the extract was a result of the inhibition of leukocyte migration and nitric oxide pathway and partially by inhibition of mediators such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Conclusion: Findings from the study provide the evidence for the popular use of stem bark extract of K. attenuata as a potential anti-inflammatory agent.

scholarly journals In vitro and In vivo Anti-inflammatory Activities of Mesua ferrea Linn

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Chaithanya K ◽  
Gopalakrishnan V K ◽  
ZenebeHagos . ◽  
Nagaraju B ◽  
Kamalakararao K ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: Mesuaferrea L is a medicinal plant belongs to the family Clusiace, it is extensively used in folk medicine for treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.The present study was aimed to evaluate in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of M. ferrea L. Methods: The in vitro anti-inflammatory activities such as nitric oxide, PGE2, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) were studied in RAW 264.7 cells and in vivo studies were carried out on carrageenan -induced inflammation in Wistar rats. The sequentially extracted M. ferreaL bark extracts (MFBHE, MFBEE, and MFBME) exhibited inhibitory effects on pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, tumour necrosis factorαandinterleukin-1βproduction in concentration dependent manner in LPS induced RAW 264.7 cells andCarrageenan induced paw oedema in Wistar rats. Conclusion: The result of the present study indicated that M. ferrea L ethyl acetate bark extract exhibited significant in vitroand in vivoanti-inflammatory activity.

scholarly journals Chemical Characterization of the Hydroethanolic Extract of the Inner Stem Bark of Dilodendron bipinnatum. Comparative Cytotoxic Evaluation and Anti-inflammatory Potential of a Simple Mixture of its Isolates 3-O-β-Glucopyranosyl-β-sitosterol and 3-O-β-Glucopyranosyl-stigmasterol

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1901400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karoline Costa Lima ◽  
Domingos Tabajara de Oliveira Martins ◽  
Antonio Macho ◽  
Ruberlei Godinho de Oliveira ◽  
Eduarda Pavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract

Phytochemical investigation of the hydroethanolic extract of the inner stem bark of Dilodendron bipinnatum (HEDb) by column chromatography led to the separation of three major fractions: a) a mixture of phytosterols (ST mixture), including β-sitosterol (1), stigmasterol (2) and campesterol (3); b) a mixture of 3- O-β-glucopyranosyl-β-sitosterol (4) and 3- O-β-glucopyranosyl-stigmasterol (5) (SGP mixture); and c) epicatechin (6), as a single isolate. Their structures were determined by spectrometric analysis using 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, and GC-MS. The safety profile of the SGP mixture, when evaluated on RAW 264.7 cells, using the alamar blue® assay, exhibited no cytotoxic effects. The anti-inflammatory activity was comparatively analyzed in vivo using the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced peritonitis model in mice, showing a strong reduction of leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity using both the SGP mixture and the HEDb. In vitro assessment of nitric oxide (NO) in the macrophagic RAW 264.7 cell line showed an inhibition of NO by the SGP mixture when cells were stimulated with LPS. Taken together, the results show an important contribution of the sterol glucoside mixture on the anti-inflammatory activity of HEDb. Also, one of the mechanisms for such inhibition seems to be a direct inhibition of NO production in stimulated macrophages.

Antioxidant anti-inflammatory activity of Alstonia scholaris R.Br. stem bark extract

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrashekar Kodangala Subraya ◽  
Harikiran ◽  
Daksha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Alstonia Scholaris ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals In vitro and In vivo Models for Anti-inflammation: An Evaluative Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Ifeanyi Eze ◽  
Philip F. Uzor ◽  
Peter Ikechukwu ◽  
Bonaventure C. Obi ◽  
Patience O. Osadebe
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Mediators Of Inflammation ◽  
In Vivo Animal Models ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Anti-inflammatory activity study involves developing a model that mimics, or provokes the production or release of, the biochemical mediators of inflammation, and monitoring the response of these biochemicals to the test drugs. This report constitutes an updated review of the in vitro and in vivo study models for assessing anti-inflammatory activity in plant extracts and synthetic drugs. The materials, instrumentation, and methods involved, as well as the mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity tested in each model, are extensively described. The merits and limitations of each method have also been discussed. A comparative assessment of the in vivo animal models vis-à-vis, the in vitro enzyme models have been made to assist scientists and researchers in the choice of assay method in terms of sensitivity, reliability, duration of test, ethical, and cost considerations.

scholarly journals Crude Ethanolic Stem Bark Extract of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides and Its Fractions: In-Vitro and In-Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 4153-4163
Author(s):  
Sulaiman S. Rukayyah ◽  
Jigam, Audu Ali ◽  
Abubakar Abdulkadir ◽  
Salau, Rasaq Bolakale
Keyword(s):  
Crude Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Zanthoxylum Zanthoxyloides ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Malaria is a global problem, as treatment failure has hampered the efficacy of most anti-malarial medications. The goal of this study was to see if stem bark extract from Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides had antiplasmodial properties that could be used to treat both susceptible and resistant parasites. The stem bark of Z. zanthoxyloides (500g) was crushed and extracted with ethanol. The extract was tested for antiplasmodial activity in vitro against the chloroquine-sensitive (CQS) strain NF54 and chloroquine-resistant strains (CQR) K1 of P. falciparum, as well as in vivo against the CQS(NK65) strain of P. berghei at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg bw. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract was performed. The crude extract had an in vitro activity of 1076.4 56.4 and 1315.1 121.6 ng/ml against chloroquine sensitive and resistant parasites, respectively while standard drugs (chloroquine and artesunate) were 10.94 nM (3478.92 ng/ml) and 9.24 nM (3215.52ng/ml) for CQS and 310.68 nM (98796 ng/ml) and 10.94 nM (3650.52 ng/ml) for CQR respectively. At Day 7, mice treated with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg bw crude extract had parasite densities of 1159, 928, and 869 parasites/ µl, respectively (compared to positive control that had 123 parasites /µl). In vitro antiplasmodial activity was best in the K2, K4, and K6 fractions (IC50 were 6670, 6890, and 6480 ng/ml), but in vivo antiplasmodial activity was best in the K4 fraction (1183 parasites/ µl).The stem bark extract of Z. zanthoxyloides have remarkable antiplasmodial activity against both chloroquine sensitive and drug resistant P. falciparum supporting it ethnomedicinal use in malaria treatment.The extract of Z. zanthoxyloides has promising antiplasmodial activity and could be used to generate therapeutic leads against the multidrug-resistant K1 strain of P. falciparum, in addition to providing an alternative allopathic antiplasmodial medication.

scholarly journals Mangifera foetida L. (Macang) Source of Potent Antiviral Activity of Against Dengue Virus Serotype 2 (Anti DENV2)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2049 (1) ◽  
pp. 012018
Author(s):  
Fitmawati ◽  
Maya Safitri ◽  
S.N. Kholifah ◽  
Emrizal ◽  
Rodesia Mustika Roza
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Selectivity Index ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Abstract The new discovery about the potential of Mangifera foetida L. as an antiviral will help conservation efforts in nature while maintaining and increasing its biodiversity value. This study aims to characterize the in vitro potential of three varieties of M. foetida L. against the dengue virus. Dengue virus is infected in Vero cells, viral replication was measured using the Viral ToxGlo Assay method. The selectivity ability of Mangifera foetida L. stem bark extract to inhibit the dengue virus was seen from the Selectivity Index (SI) value. The standard curve between the concentration of the compound (μg/mL) and % cell viability was analyzed by linear regression using Microsoft Excel 2010 software. The results showed that the selectivity index (SI) value of M. foetida L stem bark extract of Limus, Manis and Batu varieties were 7.58, 6.82 and 16.43, respectively. It was concluded that the extract of Macang stem bark of the Limus, Manis and Batu varieties had the potential to be used as an antiviral for dengue.

Evaluation of toxicity of Calophyllum brasiliense stem bark extract by in vivo and in vitro assays

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Canevari Oliveira ◽  
Larissa Maria Scalon Lemos ◽  
Ruberlei Godinho de Oliveira ◽  
Evandro Luiz Dall׳Oglio ◽  
Paulo Teixeira de Sousa Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Calophyllum Brasiliense ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

scholarly journals In-vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanol stem-bark extract of Blighia sapida K. D. koenig

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.B. Adekola ◽  
J.O. Areola ◽  
O.F. Fagbohun ◽  
F.T. Asaolu ◽  
G.E. Ogundepo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Blighia Sapida

scholarly journals Antimalarial Activity of Stem Bark of Periploca linearifolia during Early and Established Plasmodium Infection in Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wubetu Yihunie Belay ◽  
Abyot Endale Gurmu ◽  
Zewdu Birhanu Wubneh
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Background. In Ethiopia, stem bark of Periploca linearifolia is used for the treatment of malaria by the local community and demonstrated antimalarial activity in vitro. Despite its in vitro antimalarial activity, no scientific study has been carried out to verify its activity in vivo. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the antimalarial activity of Periploca linearifolia stem bark extract in mice. Methods. The dried stem bark of Periploca linearifolia was extracted with 80% methanol and evaluated for its antimalarial activity on both early and established Plasmodium berghei infected mice. The extract was prepared at graded doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg. Chloroquine and distilled water were administered to the positive and negative control groups, respectively. Results. The crude extract, at all tested doses, suppressed parasitemia significantly (p<0.05) for 200 and 400 mg/kg and (p<0.001) for 600 mg/kg. The suppression values at these doses were 56.98, 43.33, and 38.17 percent, respectively. Periploca linearifolia extract also demonstrated schizonticidal activity in the established malaria infection. Conclusion. The plant Periploca linearifolia has a promising antimalarial activity in mice, supporting its in vitro finding. Thus, it could be considered as a potential source to develop new antimalarial agent.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document