Prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen in coastal area of Tianjin, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99
Author(s):  
Jingjing Nie ◽  
Lina Kang ◽  
Yaya Pian ◽  
Zhenxiang Gao ◽  
Jihong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hbsag Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hbsag Positivity

Aim: The hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence in coastal area of Tianjin, China was investigated. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 12,074 participants aged from 1 month to 98 years old were enrolled (the number of participants were 136, 431, 1648, 1718, 1957, 2184, 2069, 1370 and 561 in age groups 0–10, 11–20, 21–30, 31–40, 41–50, 51–60, 61–70, 71–80 and greater than 80, respectively). Hepatitis B serological markers were detected. Results: The results showed that HBsAg prevalence was 5.52% (666/12,074). For children and teenagers the HBsAg positivity was 0–1.39%. Whereas for the middle-aged population, the HBsAg positivity was relatively high (6.74–8.58%). In the elderly (greater than 60 years old), HBsAg prevalence was 1.43–3.24%. The anti-hepatitis B core antibody-positive proportion was 43.09% (5230/12,074). Hepatitis B surface antibody seroprevalence was 49.83% (5685/11,408) in HBsAg-negative participants. Conclusion: HBsAg prevalence was at intermediate endemicity in this region. Management of HBsAg-positive patients and strategies for the expansion of an immune population were suggested.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B virus transmission among children in Enugu, Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-203
Author(s):  
ND Uleanya ◽  
EO Obidike
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus

Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection has reached pandemic proportions all over the world with areas of highest prevalence being the sub- Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. Most deaths related to HBV are due to complications from chronic infection. Acquisition of infection at a younger age is the most important predictor of chronicity. Eradication of HBV is an important but difficult tasks facing public health. HB immunization is the single most important factor in hepatitis B control and was commenced in 2004 in Nigeria.Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among children in the era of HB immunization, the risk factors of transmission and knowledge of mothers about their HB status.Methods: A cross sectional study carried out on one hundred and forty children aged 18 months to 15 years at the children outpatient clinic (CHOP) of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was determined using Determine Test Kits and a structured interviewer administered questionnaire administered.Results: Six were positive for HBsAg, giving a prevalence rate of 4.3%. HBsAg was least prevalent among children 1-5 years (2%). None of the children ≤ 5 years who received HB vaccination was positive for HBsAg though one child > 5 years who received the vaccine was positive. Sharing of toothbrushes among siblings was found to be a significantly associated risk factor. Only 6.4% of mothers knew their hepatitis B status.Conclusion: There is a gradual fall in the prevalence of HBsAg in our environment due to HB immunization. Sharing of toothbrushes may be a potent means of transmission of HBV infection.Keywords: HBV, Prevalence, Children, Transmission, HB immunization

scholarly journals Hepatitis B co-infection in HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy at the TC Newman Anti Retroviral Treatment Clinic in Paarl, Western Cape

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanmari King ◽  
Dirk T. Hagemeister
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Routine Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Clinic

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection in South Africa is estimated to be between 5% and 23%; however, only limited evidence is available. Co-infection increases the risk of chronification of HBV, liver cirrhosis and death.Objective: To assess the HBV and/or HIV co-infection rate amongst the adult antiretroviral treatment cohort at the TC Newman ART Clinic in Paarl, Western Cape.Methods: In a retrospective, cross-sectional study, the routine hepatitis B surface antigen screening results for all adult HIV patients who were started on antiretroviral treatment over a period of 19 months were collected and analysed for gender, CD4 count and age.Results: Amongst the 498 participants (60% female participants), the Hepatitis B surface Antigen positivity rate was 7.6%. Male gender, age between 50 and 59 years and a low CD4 count were correlated with higher rates.Conclusion: Useful insight could be obtained by analysing routine data. The prevalence of almost 8% confirms the need for testing of HIV-positive patients for hepatitis B.Keywords: hepatitis B; prevalence; HIV-infected; adults; co-infection

Is hepatitis B surface antigen (HB s Ag) enough alone as a screening test for HBV infection in rheumatic disease patients before starting immunosuppressive therapies? A cross sectional study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasha Abdel-Noor ◽  
Mona Watany ◽  
Sherief Abd-Elsalam ◽  
Walaa ElKhalawany ◽  
Shaimaa Soliman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Human Immune Deficiency Virus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hbs Ag ◽  
Rheumatic Patients

Background & objectives: Prevalence of hepatitis B virus in patients with rheumatic diseases has been reported differently among studies. The loss of immune control in these patients may result in the reactivation of HBV replication within hepatocytes. Considering the lifelong use of multiple anti-rheumatic drugs, screening for HBV is recommended before starting immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory therapy. The aim of this study was to select the best and simplest test for screening of HBV in rheumatic patients. Methods: This study was carried out on 102 patients with different rheumatic diseases. Screening to all patients by hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies and human immune deficiency virus antibodies (HIV) were done. HBV core antibodies and real time PCR to detect HBV DNA were done. Results: The mean age of the patients was 37.18 ± 12.37 years, 3.9% of them were males and 96.1% were females. HBsAg had 100% Sensitivity, 100% Specificity, 100% PPV, 100% NPV and 99.0% accuracy. While, anti-HBc had 100% Sensitivity, 78% Specificity, 8% PPV, 100% NPV and 78% accuracy in screening of HBV. Conclusions: HBs Ag was found to be superior to antiHBc for screening for HBV infection in rheumatic patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen among hepatitis B surface antigen-negative blood donors in Ilorin, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutiat K. Ogunfemi ◽  
Hannah O. Olawumi ◽  
Abdulfatai B. Olokoba ◽  
Modu B. Kagu ◽  
Sikiru A. Biliaminu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hepatitis B Core Antigen

scholarly journals Seroprotection rates of vaccine-preventable diseases among newly arrived Eritrean asylum seekers in Switzerland: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Staehelin ◽  
Afona Chernet ◽  
Véronique Sydow ◽  
Rein J Piso ◽  
Franziska Suter-Riniker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases

Abstract Background According to 2016 World Health Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund country estimates, Eritrea has overall high vaccination coverage with immunization rates for three doses of diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis and polio vaccine of 95%, for two doses measles vaccine of 85% and for three doses hepatitis B vaccine of 85%. If confirmed, this could imply that routine basic vaccination of newly arrived Eritreans could be safely omitted. Methods We used stored serum samples from two cross-sectional studies that screened newly arrived Eritrean refugees for infectious diseases. Consenting refugees aged 16 years and older who registered in one of three neighbouring cantons in northwestern Switzerland were enrolled between January 2016 and December 2017. Antibody titers against the following vaccine-preventable diseases were measured (applied thresholds for seroprotection in brackets): diphtheria (>0.1 IU/ml), tetanus (>0.1 IU/ml), measles (>150 mIU/ml), rubella (only for women, >11 IU/ml), varicella (>50 mIU/ml), hepatitis B [hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) Index >0.9, Hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) Index >0.9 and antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) >10 IE/L]. Differences between sex and age groups (≤25 and >25 years) were measured by Fisher’s exact test. Results We analysed samples of 133 study participants (20 women, 15%) with a median age of 25 years (range 16–61). Rates of seropositivity were as follows for women/men, respectively: diphtheria 57.9%/74.8% (difference non-significant), tetanus 94.8%/41.1% (P < 0.001), measles 73.7%/76.6% (non-significant), rubella in women 78.9%, varicella 89.5%/95.3% (non-significant), anti-HBc 15.8%/26.2% (non-significant) and anti-HBs 15.8%/17.8% (non-significant). Conclusion Seroprevalence for vaccine-preventable infections did not meet levels required to confer herd immunity in any of the human-to-human transmissible diseases that were studied. In general, the strategy proposed by the Federal Office of Public Health to offer basic immunization to all newly arrived refugees, including newly arriving Eritrean refugees, is justified.

scholarly journals Association of hepatitis B surface antigen seropositivity and hepatitis B surface antibody seropositivity with diabetes: a cross-sectional study based on two Chinese populations in Guangdong, China

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e028968
Author(s):  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Chaoqiang Jiang ◽  
Yuantao Hao ◽  
Lin Xu ◽  
Weisen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hbsag Seropositivity ◽  
Surface Antibody

ObjectivesTo examine whether hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seropositivity and hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) seropositivity were associated with the presence of diabetes in two population-based studies in southern China, the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study (GBCS) and the Major Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (MIDPC) study.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingThe GBCS was conducted among a community social and welfare organisation with branches in all 10 districts of Guangzhou. The MIDPC was conducted among the community residents in two districts of Guangzhou and three districts of Zhongshan.Participants4947 participants from the GBCS and 4357 participants from the MIDPC were included in this study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresType 2 diabetes was the main study outcome, which was diagnosed by fasting blood glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L, and/or self-reported history of diabetes.ResultsAfter adjusting for age, sex, education, occupation, smoking status, alcohol use, physical activity and body mass index, we found no association of HBsAg seropositivity in GBCS or MIDPC (OR=1.12, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.69, and OR=0.83, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.17, respectively), and HBsAb seropositivity (OR=0.85, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.12, OR=1.00, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.16, respectively) with the presence of diabetes. Null associations were found for analysis pooling GBCS and MIDPC data after similar adjustment. The adjusted OR for the associations of HBsAg seropositivity and HBsAb seropositivity with the presence of diabetes in the pooled sample was 0.91 (95% CI 0.70 to 1.19) and 0.98 (95% CI 0.86 to 1.12), respectively.ConclusionsTaking advantage of data from two large cross-sectional studies, we found no association of serological status of HBsAg and HBsAb with the presence of diabetes or glucose measures.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and determinants of hepatitis B viral status in pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in an urban community of Oyo state, South-West Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4139
Author(s):  
Ajibola Idowu ◽  
Oluseyi Kikelomo Israel ◽  
Olatayo Ayodele Aremu ◽  
Adebowale Femi Akinwumi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Hbsag Positivity ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Study Population

Background: The burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is assuming an epidemic proportion globally, causing grave hepatic and other complications. Mother-to-child transmission is one of the main ways of acquiring the disease. It is thus incumbent on researchers to delve more into the epidemiology of HBV. The objectives of this study is to assess respondents’ knowledge on HBV, estimated the burden of the disease among pregnant women attending antennal clinics in Ogbomoso, Nigeria and identified significant determinants of HBV positive status of the participants.Methods: This facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 168 pregnant women recruited using systematic random technique. Pretested interviewer-administered, semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were carried out.Results: Mean age of the respondents was 34±10 years, 90.5% of the respondents were 20-40 years old. HBV awareness level among the respondents was 51.8% and more than half (59.5%) of them possessed poor knowledge of the virus. Twelve percent (12.0%) of the respondents were seropositive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Significant determinants of HBsAg positivity were; Level of education (AOR=0.11, CI=1.56-3.47), Socio-economic class (AOR=3.23, CI=1.48-3.02) and family type (AOR=4.51, CI=0.19-0.35).Conclusions: The burden of HBV was high among pregnant women in the study population. Awareness and knowledge of the respondent was low. Authors recommend aggressive awareness campaigns on the disease. Improving the socio-economic conditions of women will go a long way in reducing the scourge of this dreadful disease in Nigeria.

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