Analysis of Thermal Energy Storage to a Combined Heat and Power Plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1313-1320
Author(s):  
Shahim Nisar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Latent Heat Storage ◽  
Storage Methods

Abstract: Thermal energy storage (TES) is a technology that stocks thermal energy by heating or cooling a storage medium so that the stored energy can be used at a later time for heating and cooling applications and power generation. TES systems are used particularly in buildings and in industrial processes. This paper is focused on TES technologies that provide a way of valorizing solar heat and reducing the energy demand of buildings. The principles of several energy storage methods and calculation of storage capacities are described. Sensible heat storage technologies, including water tank, underground and packed-bed storage methods, are briefly reviewed. Additionally, latent-heat storage systems associated with phase-change materials for use in solar heating/cooling of buildings, solar water heating, heat-pump systems, and concentrating solar power plants as well as thermo-chemical storage are discussed. Finally, cool thermal energy storage is also briefly reviewed and outstanding information on the performance and costs of TES systems are included.

scholarly journals Thermal Energy Storage in Solar Power Plants: A Review of the Materials, Associated Limitations, and Proposed Solutions

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 4164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadi Alnaimat ◽  
Yasir Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Thermal Fluids

Solar energy is the most viable and abundant renewable energy source. Its intermittent nature and mismatch between source availability and energy demand, however, are critical issues in its deployment and market penetrability. This problem can be addressed by storing surplus energy during peak sun hours to be used during nighttime for continuous electricity production in concentrated solar power (CSP) plants. This article reviews the thermal energy storage (TES) for CSPs and focuses on detailing the latest advancement in materials for TES systems and advanced thermal fluids for high energy conversion efficiency. Problems of TES systems, such as high temperature corrosion with their proposed solutions, as well as successful implementations are reported. The article also reviews the economic analysis on CSP plants with TES systems and life-cycle assessment to quantify the environmental impacts of different TES systems.

scholarly journals Towards development of a prototype high-temperature latent heat storage unit as an element of a RES-based energy system (part 2)

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-408
Author(s):  
J. Karwacki ◽  
K. Bogucka-Bykuć ◽  
W. Włosiński ◽  
S. Bykuć
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Storage Unit ◽  
Latent Heat Storage ◽  
Shell And Tube

Abstract This paper presents an experimental study performed with the general aim of defining procedures for calculation and optimization of shell-and-tube latent thermal energy storage unit with metals or metal alloys as PCMs. The experimental study is focused on receiving the exact information about heat transfer between heat transfer fluid (HTF) and phase change material (PCM) during energy accumulation process. Therefore, simple geometry of heat transfer area was selected. Two configurations of shell-and-tube thermal energy storage (TES) units were investigated. The paper also highlights the emerging trend (reflected in the literature) with respect to the investigation of metal PCM-based heat storage units in recent years and shortly presents unique properties and application features of this relatively new class of PCMs.

scholarly journals Development and Characterization of Concrete/PCM/Diatomite Composites for Thermal Energy Storage in CSP/CST Applications

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4410
Author(s):  
Adio Miliozzi ◽  
Franco Dominici ◽  
Mauro Candelori ◽  
Elisabetta Veca ◽  
Raffaele Liberatore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System

Thermal energy storage (TES) systems for concentrated solar power plants are essential for the convenience of renewable energy sources in terms of energy dispatchability, economical aspects and their larger use. TES systems based on the use of concrete have been demonstrated to possess good heat exchange characteristics, wide availability of the heat storage medium and low cost. Therefore, the purpose of this work was the development and characterization of a new concrete-based heat storage material containing a concrete mix capable of operating at medium–high temperatures with improved performance. In this work, a small amount of shape-stabilized phase change material (PCM) was included, thus developing a new material capable of storing energy both as sensible and latent heat. This material was therefore characterized thermally and mechanically and showed increased thermal properties such as stored energy density (up to +7%, with a temperature difference of 100 °C at an average operating temperature of 250 °C) when 5 wt% of PCM was added. By taking advantage of these characteristics, particularly the higher energy density, thermal energy storage systems that are more compact and economically feasible can be built to operate within a temperature range of approximately 150–350 °C with a reduction, compared to a concrete-only based thermal energy storage system, of approximately 7% for the required volume and cost.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN PARAFFIN WAX SEBAGAI PENYIMPAN KALOR PADA PEMANAS AIR TENAGA MATAHARI THERMOSYPHON

ROTASI ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nadjib
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Paraffin Wax ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Sensible Heat ◽  
Latent Heat Storage ◽  
Change Material

Pemanas Air Tenaga Matahari (PATM) konvensional umumnya menggunakan air sebagai penyimpan energi termal. Pemakaian sensible heat storage (SHS) ini memiliki kekurangan, diantaranya adalah densitas energinya rendah. Di sisi lain, latent heat storage (LHS) mempunyai sifat khas yaitu densitas energinya tinggi karena melibatkan perubahan fasa dalam penyerapan atau pelepasan kalor. Material LHS sering disebut phase change material (PCM). Penggunaan PCM pada PATM menarik dilakukan untuk meningkatkan densitas energi sistem. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki perilaku termal penggunaan paraffin wax di dalam tangki PATM jenis thermosyphon. Penelitian menggunakan kolektor matahari pelat datar dan tangki thermal energy storage (TES) yang dipasang secara horisontal di sisi atas kolektor. Di dalam tangki terdapat alat penukar kalor yang terdiri dari sekumpulan pipa kapsul dimana di dalamnya berisi paraffin wax. Air digunakan sebagai SHS dan heat transfer fluid (HTF). Termokopel dipasang di sisi HTF dan sisi PCM. Piranometer dan sensor temperatur udara luar diletakkan di dekat kolektor matahari. Pengambilan data dilakukan selama proses charging. Temperatur HTF, PCM dan intensitas radiasi matahari direkam setiap 30 detik. Data ini digunakan untuk mengetahui evolusi temperatur HTF dan PCM. Berdasarkan evolusi temperatur ini kemudian dianalisis perilaku termal PATM. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa paraffin wax telah berfungsi sebagai penyimpan energi termal bersama air di dalam tangki PATM jenis thermosyphon. PCM memberi kontribusi yang cukup signifikan terhadap kapasitas penyimpanan energi sistem. Efisiensi kolektor lebih optimal karena PCM dapat mempertahankan stratifikasi termal sampai akhir charging. Adanya PCM mampu mengendalikan penurunan efisiensi pengumpulan energi saat intensitas radiasi matahari menurun. Alat penukar kalor yang digunakan cukup efektif yang ditandai dengan kecepatan pemanasan rata-rata antara HTF dan PCM yang tidak berbeda jauh.

Design of an Ammonia Synthesis System for Producing Supercritical Steam in the Context of Thermochemical Energy Storage

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Chen ◽  
Keith Lovegrove ◽  
H. Pirouz Kavehpour ◽  
Adrienne S. Lavine
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Homogeneous Model ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Synthesis System

Concentrating solar power plants typically incorporate thermal energy storage, e.g. molten salt tanks. The broad category of thermochemical energy storage, in which energy is stored in chemical bonds, has the advantage of higher energy density as compared to sensible energy storage. In the ammonia-based thermal energy storage system, ammonia is dissociated endothermically as it absorbs solar energy during the daytime. The stored energy can be released on demand (for electricity generation) when the supercritical hydrogen and nitrogen react exothermically to synthesize ammonia. Using ammonia as a thermochemical storage system was validated at Australian National University (ANU), but ammonia synthesis has not yet been shown to reach temperatures consistent with the highest performance modern power blocks such as a supercritical steam Rankine cycle requiring steam to be heated to ∼650°C. This paper explores the preliminary design of an ammonia synthesis system that is intended to heat steam from 350°C to 650°C under pressure of 26 MPa. A two-dimensional pseudo-homogeneous model for packed bed reactors previously used at ANU is adopted to simulate the ammonia synthesis reactor. The reaction kinetics are modeled using the Temkin-Pyzhev reaction rate equation. The model is extended by accounting for convection in the steam to predict the behavior of the proposed synthesis reactor. A parametric investigation is performed and the results show that heat transfer plays the predominant role in improving reactor performance.

Experimental Research on Solidification Characteristics of Spherical Capsule Packed Bed Latent Heat Storage System

2013 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
Yu Ju Zhao ◽  
Ji Hong Pei ◽  
Hai Ting Cui
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Storage Unit ◽  
Latent Heat Storage

A thermal energy storage unit laboratory with solar heat sources being designed and constructed. The spherical capsules which filled in phase change material (PCM) were put into the unit. Many groups' experiment schemes was designed and the discharging experiment is done, different import temperature and flow rate of HTF were experimented repeatedly, the effects of inlet fluid temperature and flow rate of HTF on the performance of the storage unit was analyzed. The experimental result shows that, with the import temperature and flow rate of HTF increased, the time finishes discharging reducing constantly, the efficiency of thermal energy storage is improved. The results offer the reference basis for design, optimization, and appreciation of the TES unit.The test data was compared with simulation data,the simulated results and experimental results agree well with the experimental results.

Microstructure and thermal characteristics of Mg–Sn alloys as phase change materials for thermal energy storage

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (98) ◽  
pp. 96327-96333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Fang ◽  
Xiaomin Cheng ◽  
Yuanyuan Li ◽  
Zheng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Latent Heat Storage

Latent heat storage proves to be one of the most efficient ways of storing thermal energy.

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