LAY CAUSAL PERCEPTIONS OF THIRD WORLD POVERTY AND THE JUST WORLD THEORY'

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Harper ◽  
Graham F. Wagstaff ◽  
J. Tim Newton ◽  
Kevin R. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Just World ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Just World Belief ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Factor Analytic ◽  
World Poverty ◽  
World Theory

This study investigated the factor analytic properties of Rubin and Peplau's (1975) Just World Scale and a questionnaire of possible causes of Third World poverty. Three Just World factors emerged in contrast to Hyland and Dann's (1987) four factor solution. They were interpreted as ‘Pro Just World’, Anti Just World' and 'Cynical or Reserved Just World Belief. Four poverty factors emerged, interpreted as ‘Blame the Poor; ‘Blame Third World Governments’,‘Blame Nature’ and ‘Blame Exploitation’. The most important finding to emerge was that only the ‘Pro Just World’ factor and significantly correlated with blaming the poor. Blaming the poor was significantly correlated with blaming Third World governments.

Developing the “Causes of Poverty in Developing Countries Questionnaire (CPDCQ)” in a Spanish-Speaking Population

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1167-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Juan Vázquez ◽  
Isabel Pascual ◽  
Sonia Panadero
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
University Students ◽  
Third World ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
World Poverty ◽  
Spanish Speaking Population ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Causes Of Poverty

From information supplied by 1,092 university students from countries with different levels of development, in this work we developed an up-to-date instrument to allow the causes of poverty in developing countries to be studied. Taking the Causes of Third World Poverty Questionnaire (CTWPQ; Harper, 2002), the most widely used instrument for this purpose as the starting point, and taking into account contributions made by other authors, The Causes of Poverty in Developing Countries Questionnaire (CPDCQ) was developed. It is an instrument of 20 items organized into 5 factors: “Blame causes within developing countries”, “Blame causes external to developing countries”, “Blame attributed to developing countries' populations”, “Blame attributed to developing countries' services”, and “Blame attributed to the poor distribution of land in developing countries”.

PERCEIVED CAUSES OF POVERTY IN DEVELOPING NATIONS: CAUSES OF THIRD WORLD POVERTY QUESTIONNAIRE IN SPANISH-SPEAKING SAMPLES

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Panadero ◽  
José Juan Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Developing Nation ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
World Poverty ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Different Levels

The aim of this paper was to analyze the factorial structure of the Causes of Third World Poverty Questionnaire (CTWPQ; Harper, 2002) in Spanish-speaking samples from two countries at different levels of development: Spain (developed nation) and Nicaragua (developing nation). In the English-speaking samples, the instrument displayed a factorial structure composed of four factors: “Blame the poor,” “Blame Third World governments,” “Blame nature,” and “Blame exploitation” (Harper, Wagstaff, Newton, & Harrison, 1990). Bolitho, Carr, and Fletcher (2007) have since added a fifth factor: “Blame conflict”. In the Spanish-speaking samples, a factorial structure composed of five factors can be observed. The factors are very similar to those obtained from the English-speaking samples.

The Churches and Third World Poverty

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-464
Author(s):  
Mark R. Amstutz
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Economic Expansion ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Poor ◽  
World Poverty ◽  
The Third World

How should churches respond to absolute poverty in the Third World? The author applauds the concern for the poor found in church documents on economic life, but questions the adequacy of the proposed public policies. The major limitation of the proposed policy prescriptions lies in the emphasis on redistribution and increased governmental action. What is needed in the Third World is a strategy of economic expansion based on job creation. Churches and Western governments can contribute to this mission by providing aid to those in need and by modeling values and patterns of life conducive to increased productivity.

scholarly journals Attitudes toward victim and victimization in the light of the just world theory

Temida ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-218
Author(s):  
Biljana Simeunovic-Patic
Keyword(s):  
Research Literature ◽  
Cognitive Distortion ◽  
Just World ◽  
Social Rules ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Defensive Strategies ◽  
Just World Belief ◽  
Coping Process ◽  
World Theory ◽  
And Coping

The present paper discusses current empirical status of the Just world theory introduced several decades ago by Melvin Lerner, the content and functions of a just world belief as its central construct, and particularly, the relation between a just world belief and victim blaming and victim derogation phenomena. In the light of existing research evidence, a just world belief and a need to re-establish a ?justice? when this belief is threatened, is considered to be an adaptive mechanism that protect a belief that a world is secure and the future is predictable, as well as a confidence in the purposefulness of selfdiscipline, long-term personal investments and social rules respecting. As proposed By the just world theory, when a person faces injustice, i.e. others? (innocent victims?) suffering, his/her belief in a just world is threatened. Possible reactions to that threat comprise various rational victim helping activities, but also specific cognitive defensive strategies, including cognitive distortion, rationalization and reinterpretation of an event in order to minimize injustice or deny injustice happened at all. In the course of reinterpretation of injustice, victims are often blamed for their former actions, or derogated for their character, in order to indicate them responsible for their own fate and suffering. The findings of research studies suggest that the likelihood of employing cognitive defensive strategies rises if formal responses to crime and victimization lack or fail. This further suggests that an efficient and effective formal social response in terms of both sanctioning of offenders and reparation of victims should be considered highly important in reducing the risk of stigmatization and rejection of victims. Finally, the paper discusses the role of victim?s just world beliefs in post-trauma adaptation and coping processes. In virtue of findings from the existing research literature it may be concluded that victim?s belief in a just world is not necessarily obstructive for the adaptation and coping process. Moreover, in the research literature prevail findings telling in support of an assertion that strong just world belief serves significantly as a self-protective function.

The Big Push Déjà Vu: A Review of Jeffrey Sachs's The End of Poverty: Economic Possibilities for Our Time

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Easterly
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Development Economics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The Poor ◽  
World Poverty ◽  
Incentive Problems ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Déjà Vu ◽  
Big Push ◽  
Made In

Jeffrey Sachs's new book (The End of Poverty: Economic Possibilities for Our Time, Penguin Press: New York, 2005) advocates a “Big Push” featuring large increases in aid to finance a package of complementary investments in order to end world poverty. These recommendations are remarkably similar to those first made in the 1950s and 1960s in development economics. Today, as then, the Big Push recommendation overlooks the unsolvable information and incentive problems facing any large-scale planning exercise. A more promising approach would be to design incentives for aid agents to implement interventions piecemeal whenever they deliver large benefits for the poor relative to costs.

Reflections on Israel

Worldview ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-52
Author(s):  
Michael Novak
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Moral Problem ◽  
American Jews ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Yom Kippur ◽  
American Society ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Christian Leaders

During those ominous early hours and indecisive days of the war of Yom Kippur, many American Jews were surprised by the depth of their fears concerning the fate of Israel. Such Jews had thought of themselves as powerful, detached, integrated into the larger American society. Suddenly they could not be certain that their colleagues and friends shared the secret dread they began to feel: the nightmare of another possible holocaust.Christian leaders have sometimes seemed to treat Israel as though it presented an anguishing moral problem: “The question has two sides. There are complexities. Jewish military spirit seems a trifle pushy. Think of the poor, Third-World Arab refugees.” One anguishes about sorting out the truly moral thing to do.

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