scholarly journals Myocardial Infarction

2022 ◽  
pp. 16-32
Author(s):  
Abhishek Kumar Singh ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Jat
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Muscle ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Acute Mi ◽  
Zero Flow

Myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack is the disease of the blood vessels supplying the heart muscle (Myocardium) i.e. coronary heart disease. The area of heart muscle that has either zero flow or so little flow that it cannot sustain cardiac muscle function is said to be infracted and the overall process is called a myocardial infarction. MI are of two types; transmural and subendocardial. Mainly it is caused due to oxidative stress and atherosclerosis.Chest pain is the most common symptom of acute MI and is often described as a sensation of tightness, pressure, or squeezing. Other symptoms include diaphoresis (an excessive form of sweating), Shortness of breath (dyspnea), weakness, light-headedness, nausea, vomiting, and palpitations. The most common symptoms of MI in women include dyspnea, weakness, and fatigue, sleep disturbances. It can be treated by using  blockers, diuretics, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers and nitrates.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS ABOUT ANGINA PECTORIS AMONG PHARMACY STUDENTS

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Humera Khatoon ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Heart Muscle ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Warning Sign ◽  
Chest Discomfort ◽  
Adequate Blood Supply ◽  
Disease Sign

Objective of this study is to determine the awareness among student of Pharm D with Angina Pectoris (AP) regarding the disease, sign & symptoms and treatment.The term Angina Pectoris is applied to varying forms of transient chest discomfort that are attributable to insufficient myocardial oxygen. The classic description of angina is a crushing pain that radiates through the chest and sometimes down the arm, neck, teeth /jaw or into the back, which is usually aggravated by exertion or stress. Angina is a warning sign that the heart muscle is not getting adequate blood supply and specially oxygen and it may lead to myocardial infarction or a heart attack

scholarly journals Demographic and Clinical Features in Patients with Mitral Insufficiency of Ischemic Genesis

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
S. A. Rudenko ◽  
S. V. Potashev ◽  
A. V. Rudenko
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Nyha Class ◽  
Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Mitral Insufficiency ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Class Iii

Myocardial infarction is often associated with ischemic mitral regurgitation. In most patients, ischemic mitral regurgitation develops gradually due to remodeling of the ischemic myocardium and changes in hemodynamics in the left ventricle. Ischemic mitral regurgitation is associated with heart diseases and mortality and is therefore considered an unfavorable prognostic factor. The aim. To study the features of demographic data and the clinical condition of patients with mitral regurgitation of ischemic genesis. Materials and methods. From January 2012 to December 2019, 292 patients with ischemic mitral insufficiency underwent surgical intervention at the National Amosov Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the NAMS of Ukraine. Results and Discussion. Among patients with mitral regurgitation of ischemic genesis, the majority are men (78.8%). Women suffer from this pathology much less often (21.2%). The mean age of patients with mitral regurgitation of ischemic genesis was 61.9 ± 8.2 years. The proportion of patients with hypertension was almost half of the total number of patients. Every fourth patient suffered from diabetes mellitus (25.7%). In this group, 64.1% (187) patients had a history of myocardial infarction. The majority of patients, 49.3% (144), sought surgery after the first myocardial infarction, 11.0% (32) – after the second heart attack, and in 11 (3.8%) mitral regurgitation occurred only after the third heart attack. Shortness of breath complaints were reported in 249 (85.3%) patients. In most cases (61.3%), shortness of breath occurred only during exercise. Another 70 (24.0%) patients suffered from it even at rest. In this group, 55.1% of patients were classified as NYHA class III–IV. The functional status of 57 (19.5%) patients was so impaired that they were classified as NYHA class IV; 23.6% (69) of patients suffered from IIb degree, and one patient from III degree chronic circulatory insufficiency. Conclusions. Mitral regurgitation of ischemic genesis occurs more often in men (78.8%) of working age (61.1 ± 8.4 years). It leads to a significant reduction in functional status (55.1% of patients were classified as NYHA class III–IV) and physical activity (53.8%). Among the comorbidities, hypertension (47.3%) and diabetes mellitus (25.7%) are the most common.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN KADAR HEMATOKRIT DAN HEMOGLOBIN PADA KEJADIAN INFARK MIOKARD AKUT (IMA) DI RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE JANUARI - AGUSTUS 2014

e-CliniC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitri Jumalang ◽  
Linda W. A. Rotty ◽  
Agnes L. Panda
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Heart Muscle ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Heart Muscle Cell ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or better known as a heart attack is a condition where the blood supply to a part of the heart stops so that the heart muscle cell death. Acute myocardial infarction is one of the most common diagnosis in developed countries. The rate of initial mortality (30 days) at the IMA is 30% with more than half of the deaths occur before the patient reaches the hospital. Methods - This research is a retrospective descriptive study. Samples were adult patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction who were treated in RSUP Prof. Dr R. D. Kandou. Results - Overview hematocrit and hemoglobin levels in the incidence of acute myocardial infarction in the department of Prof. Dr. RD Kandou Manado period January - August 2014 hemodilution patients get as many as 19 people (61.3%) and patients with normal hematocrit many as 12 people (38.7% ). In addition, for an overview of hemoglobin by age and sex obtained anemia patients by 5 people (16.1%) and patients with normal hemoglobin many as 26 people (83.9%). Conclusions - AMI patients in RSUP Prof. Dr RD Kandou Manado period January-August 2014 are subjected to low hematocrit (hemodilution) and normal hemoglobin.Keywords: acute myocardial infarction, hematocrit, hemoglobinAbstrak: Infark miokard akut (IMA) atau yang lebih dikenal dengan serangan jantung adalah suatu keadaan dimana suplai darah pada suatu bagian jantung terhenti sehingga sel otot jantung mengalami kematian. Infark miokard akut merupakan salah satu diagnosis rawat inap tersering di negara maju. Laju mortalitas awal (30 hari) pada IMA adalah 30% dengan lebih dari separuh kematian terjadi sebelum pasien mencapai Rumah Sakit. Metode - Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif retrospektif. Sampel penelitian ini adalah penderita dewasa yang menderita infark miokard akut yang dirawat di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou. Hasil - Gambaran kadar hematokrit dan hemoglobin pada kejadian infark miokard akut di RSUP Prof DR RD Kandou Manado periode januari – agustus 2014 didapatkan pasien hemodilusi sebanyak 19 orang (61,3%) dan pasien hematokrit normal sebanyak 12 orang (38,7%). Selain itu, untuk gambaran hemoglobin berdasarkan umur dan jenis kelamin didapatkan pasien yang anemia sebanyak 5 orang (16,1%) dan pasien hemoglobin normal sebanyak 26 orang (83,9%). Simpulan - Pasien IMA di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode januari-agustus 2014 sebagian besar mengalami hematokrit rendah (hemodilusi) dan hemoglobin normal.Kata kunci: infark miokard akut, hematokrit, hemoglobin

scholarly journals Clinical and laboratory features of primary acute myocardial infarction in patients with non-obstructive atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries.

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 520-526
Author(s):  
N. V. Dyatlov ◽  
V. V. Zhelnov ◽  
Yu. V. Lykov ◽  
L. I. Dvoretskiy
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Laboratory Features ◽  
Acute Mi ◽  
Group 2

Currently, the pathogenetic mechanisms of myocardial infarction (MI) in non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CA) are being actively studied, but such clinical situations still cause difficulties due to conflicting information about the clinical manifestations of myocardial ischemia, the dynamics of laboratory parameters, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic picture in this category of patients. Purpose. To study clinical and laboratory features ofprimary MI development and course in patients with non-obstructive CA lesions. Material and methods. The study included patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of “primary acute MI” in 2015-2016 : patients with acute MI and 100% acute occlusion of the only heart attack-responsible KA - obstructive atherosclerotic lesion of KA-and patients with acute MI and non-obstructive atherosclerotic lesion of KA, according to coronary angiography. Results. Surveyed 1,240 patients; the 1st group was 21.9%, 2nd group-7.7% of patients. The mean age of patients in groups 1 and 2 was 56.59±11.6 and 67.9±11.5 years, respectively (p<0.001). Among patients with non-obstructive atherosclerotic lesion of SC, the comorbid background was marked as burdened compared to patients with obstructive atherosclerotic lesion of SC: diabetes mellitus-20.8% vs. 7.4%, chronic kidney disease-25% vs. 11.8%, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-25% vs. 11.8%. The most common symptom of myocardial ischemia in groups 1 and 2 was chest pain (89.7% vs. 54.2%, p<0.05). In 37.5% of patients of group 2 non-specific symptoms were revealed. ST segment elevation was recorded in 76.5 and 37.5% (p<0.01) patients, respectively. Non-specific electrocardiographic changes were registered in 33.3% of patients of group 2. In the analysis echocardiographically indicators of significant differences indicators in the groups were not observed. Analysis of cardiospecific enzymes showed consistent dynamics of the concentration of troponin I in the 1st and 2nd groups at admission - 0.13 ng/ml (95% CI 0,03 0,31-) against 0.20 ng/ml (95% CI 0,04 - 3,23, p=0,8); after 6 h -20,21 ng/ml (95% CI 8,25 - 45,25) against 1.8 ng/ml (95% CI 0.87 to - of 7.06, p<0.0001). The natural dynamics of the level of creatine kinase and its MB fraction were detected only in patients of the 1st group. Significant changes in the 2nd group is not marked. Elderly patients, mostly women, with a burdened General somatic history are subject to primary MI with non-obstructive atherosclerotic lesion of SC. In the clinical picture of myocardial ischemia, 54.2% ofpatients have chest pain, in other cases-shortness of breath and nonspecific symptoms. In 33.3% of patients on the ECG revealed nonspecific changes that complicate the diagnosis of THEM.

scholarly journals Calcium Channel Blockers and Mortality in Elderly Patients With Myocardial Infarction

1999 ◽  
Vol 159 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Jollis ◽  
Ross J. Simpson ◽  
Mridul K. Chowdhury ◽  
Wayne E. Cascio ◽  
John R. Crouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Calcium Channel Blockers ◽  
Channel Blockers

scholarly journals Coronary lesion complexity in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction: data from the RICO survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermann Yao ◽  
Michel Farnier ◽  
Laura Tribouillard ◽  
Frédéric Chague ◽  
Philippe Brunel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Syntax Score ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Lipid Clinic ◽  
Acute Mi ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background Although patients with familial heterozygous hypercholesterolemia (FH) have a high risk of early myocardial infarction (MI), the coronary artery disease (CAD) burden in FH patients with acute MI remains to be investigated. Methods The data for all consecutive patients hospitalized in 2012–2019 for an acute MI and who underwent coronary angiography were collected from a multicenter database (RICO database). FH (n = 120) was diagnosed using Dutch Lipid Clinic Network criteria (score ≥ 6). We compared the angiographic features of MI patients with and without FH (score 0–2) (n = 234) after matching for age, sex, and diabetes (1:2). Results Although LDL-cholesterol was high (208 [174–239] mg/dl), less than half of FH patients had chronic statin treatment. When compared with non-FH patients, FH increased the extent of CAD (as assessed by SYNTAX score; P = 0.005), and was associated with more frequent multivessel disease (P = 0.004), multiple complex lesions (P = 0.022) and significant stenosis location on left circumflex and right coronary arteries. Moreover, FH patients had more multiple lesions, with an increased rate of bifurcation lesions or calcifications (P = 0.021 and P = 0.036, respectively). In multivariate analysis, LDL-cholesterol levels (OR 1.948; 95% CI 1.090–3.480, P = 0.024) remained an independent estimator of anatomical complexity of coronary lesions, in addition to age (OR 1.035; 95% CI 1.014–1.057, P = 0.001). Conclusions FH patients with acute MI had more severe CAD, characterized by complex anatomical features that are mainly dependent on the LDL-cholesterol burden. Our findings reinforce the need for more aggressive preventive strategies in these high-risk patients, and for intensive lipid-lowering therapy as secondary prevention.

scholarly journals Novel Identified Circular Transcript of RCAN2, circ-RCAN2, Shows Deviated Expression Pattern in Pig Reperfused Infarcted Myocardium and Hypoxic Porcine Cardiac Progenitor Cells In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1390
Author(s):  
Julia Mester-Tonczar ◽  
Patrick Einzinger ◽  
Johannes Winkler ◽  
Nina Kastner ◽  
Andreas Spannbauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Cardiac Progenitor Cells ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Healthy Myocardium ◽  
Acute Mi

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are crucial in gene regulatory networks and disease development, yet circRNA expression in myocardial infarction (MI) is poorly understood. Here, we harvested myocardium samples from domestic pigs 3 days after closed-chest reperfused MI or sham surgery. Cardiac circRNAs were identified by RNA-sequencing of rRNA-depleted RNA from infarcted and healthy myocardium tissue samples. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using the CIRIfull and KNIFE algorithms, and circRNAs identified with both algorithms were subjected to differential expression (DE) analysis and validation by qPCR. Circ-RCAN2 and circ-C12orf29 expressions were significantly downregulated in infarcted tissue compared to healthy pig heart. Sanger sequencing was performed to identify the backsplice junctions of circular transcripts. Finally, we compared the expressions of circ-C12orf29 and circ-RCAN2 between porcine cardiac progenitor cells (pCPCs) that were incubated in a hypoxia chamber for different time periods versus normoxic pCPCs. Circ-C12orf29 did not show significant DE in vitro, whereas circ-RCAN2 exhibited significant ischemia-time-dependent upregulation in hypoxic pCPCs. Overall, our results revealed novel cardiac circRNAs with DE patterns in pCPCs, and in infarcted and healthy myocardium. Circ-RCAN2 exhibited differential regulation by myocardial infarction in vivo and by hypoxia in vitro. These results will improve our understanding of circRNA regulation during acute MI.

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