scholarly journals NTEGRATION OF LOGISTICS SYSTEMS OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES INTO INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS CHANNELS

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-340
Author(s):  
Hassan Ali Al- Ababneh ◽  
Ilona Dumanska ◽  
Ella Derkach ◽  
Anna Sokhetska ◽  
Liliia Kemarska
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Economic Modelling ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
Logistics Systems ◽  
The Impact

Modern logistics significantly influences the globalization and internationalization processes. Logistics systems are becoming increasingly important in today’s rapidly changing environment. The aim of the article was to investigate the national logistics systems of developing countries in the context of their integration capabilities. The main methods used in this study are statistical analysis, index, graphical and analytical methods, methods for estimating structural dynamic shifts, comparisons. Commonly used methods of economic research, as well as statistical analysis and interstate comparisons, economic modelling (trend analysis to determine the forecast level of LPI for Ukraine), etc. were also involved. The logistics environment of Poland, Bulgaria, India and Ukraine, as well as the factors of its formation are evaluated. The components of the logistic portrait of the country in the context of integration capabilities of the logistic system are offered. It was found for the studied countries that the destimulator of the national logistics system is infrastructure (for Poland), infrastructure and customs (for Bulgaria and Ukraine), customs (for India). It is these components that need priority attention in the context of increasing the integration capabilities of logistics systems, because the results indicate that they lag far behind international standards. Prospects for further research involve studies of the impact of pandemics, globalization, digitalization on logistics systems, including that of developing countries.

scholarly journals Urban environment influence on distribution part of logistics systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrii Galkin
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Material Flows ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Logistics Systems ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Transportation Service ◽  
The Impact

The irregularities of evolutionary development, continuous improvement of environmental component into transport and raise many unsolved problem in the fields of transport in logistics systems and material flows management. The city parameters analyses had highlighted connections with transport services technology. Also the distribution stage of the logistic chain, which consists of following market participants: incoming material flow, retailers and Transportation Company (carrier) in different cities has been considered. Transportation service is made by road transport. The paper compares results of transportation servicing in different cities and logistic chains with same technology. As performance indicator net present value has been used. Existing criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of distribution of material flows does not sufficiently take into account the time value of money and possible options for investment, so when estimating the performance of servicing of business investment indicators should be used. Paper should elucidate the impact of cities on the transport service efficacy. Practical suggestions on logistics system functioning and transportation service of retailers in urban area have been proposed. Obtained results discovered overall impact of city’s parameters (density of streets and roads network’ irregularity factor; automobilizationlevel; urban square; scheme of road network; city radius) on logistics according to model which include more than 50 parameters and allows finding regularities of changing logistics efficiency on them.

scholarly journals Methodological approaches to efficiency evaluation logistics system of pharmacy network

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
Viktoriia VAVILOVA
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Efficiency Evaluation ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Logistics Systems ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Functional Components

The paper reveals the important characteristics of methodological approaches to assessing the effectiveness of logistics systems. Peculiarities of functioning of logistics systems of pharmacy networks are characterized. Based on the acquaintance with the scientific works of the founders on this issue, approaches to assessing the effectiveness of the logistics system are systematized. A system of evaluation indicators for each component of the logistics system is proposed. The logistics system of the business entity, and this fully applies to the logistics system of pharmacy networks, is not in a permanent state. Dynamic changes in the system are due to the influence of macro-environmental factors and changes in the internal nature, which pose the task of developing the system to ensure its adequacy to new conditions. It is the development of the system is the basis for improving the efficiency of its operation and the ability to achieve goals through the solution of a certain range of tasks. In such conditions, the study of the development of the logistics system of the pharmacy network deserves special attention. Existing approaches to assessing the development of the logistics system do not exclude, but complement each other, creating a methodological basis for the formation of effective management decisions on logistics management of the business entity. As a result of research of scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists on a problem of a choice and formation of indicators of an estimation of efficiency of logistic systems, we proposed a system of evaluation indicators for each component of the logistics system. In this case, in our opinion, such a system should include not only indicators that characterize the efficiency of the functional components of the logistics system of the pharmacy network (supply, production, transportation, warehousing, sales), but also indicators of efficiency subsystems, namely organizational and management, infrastructure and resource subsystems. This system approach will allow to take into account the impact of all components of the logistics system of the pharmacy network on the efficiency of its operation.

scholarly journals Designing the transport and logistics systems resistant to structural failures

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Azret Ahmatovich Kochkarov ◽  
Danil Vladilenovich Yatskin ◽  
Rasul Ahmatovich Kochkarov
Keyword(s):  
Structural Stability ◽  
Optimization Theory ◽  
Sustainability Indicators ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Logistics Systems ◽  
Optimization Task ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Structural Failures ◽  
Feasible Solutions ◽  
The Impact

This article is dedicated to designing of the transport and logistics systems with built-in resistance to structural failures. The sustainability indicators reflect the impact of the failure of one or several hubs (communication channels) upon working capacity of the already functioning system. In the process of designing the system, the sustainability indicators also provide opportunities for optimizing its structure from the perspective of set reliability expectations. The authors give attention to the modeling of the transportation and logistics system on the basis of theoretical-graph toolset, as well as propose sustainability indicators and articulation of optimization task. The structure of transportation and logistics system is described using the instruments of graph theory, definition of the task is presented using the criteria of optimization theory, and limitations are the feasible solutions on graphs are established in the matrix form. The authors suggest a theoretical-graph description of the structure of the transportation and logistics systems, propose multiobjective goal setting, and introduce the concept of structural stability based on the indexes and their threshold values. Proposal is made on the approach towards designing the transport and logistics systems with set parameters of structural stability and tried it on test data.

scholarly journals Smart Cities as a New Quality of Life Standard

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-125
Author(s):  
N. Yu. Pivkina
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
The Impact

Over the past ten years, the creation of smart cities has become a priority in the development of the digital economy over the world. It is reflected not only in official documents of the leading international organisations including the United Nations (UN), the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the European Commission but also in scientific research of many foreign scientists. There are several approaches to the definition of the term “smart city”. This article will overcome some theoretical gaps in a holistic research approach to the study of smart cities, especially in terms of the impact of information and telecommunication technologies on improving the quality of life and well-being of urban residents, because creating a comfortable living environment is one of the most essential tasks in the concept of a smart city. The author paid particular attention to the analysis of the literature on the problems of smart cities based on the international databases of scientific citing — Web of Science and Scopus; a resulting publication stream made it possible to assess the effectiveness of research in subject areas related to economics. The most significant number of projects to create smart cities were implemented in European cities. Researchers from the UK made a substantial contribution to the development of international standards. In Russian practice, this topic is just beginning its development, both in legal and regulatory documents and in economic research. An important step in solving this problem should be the implementation of the national program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation” and the project “Smart City” in the framework of the national project “Housing and Urban Environment” in 2019.

scholarly journals Application of seepage theory methods for solving the tasks of flow planning in transport networks with consideration of their structural dynamics

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Azret Ahmatovich Kochkarov ◽  
Danil Vladilenovich Yatskin ◽  
Rasul Ahmatovich Kochkarov
Keyword(s):  
Graph Model ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Logistics Systems ◽  
System Building ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Global Transport ◽  
Seepage Theory ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Task

This article reviews the theoretical-graph approach towards transport and logistic systems, which allows describing key details and processes that take place therein. The question of searching for an effective solution of transport and logistics tasks and dependence of such solutions to throughput of the system and the value of the seepage coefficient. This article offers to use seepage theory as an applied instrument for describing and solving transport and logistics tasks. The indicated approach is innovative and original, which may be very promising in the context of global transport planning and management. The essence of this method, based on adaptation of seepage theory for solution of the typical transport and logistics tasks, is reduced to operation of surface run-off and origin on the graph. The model for assessment of the global throughput of transport and logistics system is developed on the basis of the methods of seepage and multidrain flow models. The author offers a model calculation of the impact of holdups upon transport and logistics systems and the tasks solved thereof. A theoretical-graph model, which reflects the structure of transport and logistics system, describes the objects and processes common to transport and logistics tasks. The toolset of graph theory allows solving the specific transport and logistics tasks, as well examining the structural properties of the system, building predictive models, as well as developing new approaches towards solving of these tasks. The characteristics of graph are correlated with the actual network, system and task, as well as with the characteristics of transport or logistics flows examined for the purpose of optimization of topological structure of the system and solution of other tasks.

scholarly journals Models of COVID-19 vaccine prioritisation: a systematic literature search and narrative review

BMC Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuru Saadi ◽  
Y-Ling Chi ◽  
Srobana Ghosh ◽  
Rosalind M. Eggo ◽  
Ciara V. McCarthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Ethical Challenge ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Economic Modelling ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Modelling Studies ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background How best to prioritise COVID-19 vaccination within and between countries has been a public health and an ethical challenge for decision-makers globally. We reviewed epidemiological and economic modelling evidence on population priority groups to minimise COVID-19 mortality, transmission, and morbidity outcomes. Methods We searched the National Institute of Health iSearch COVID-19 Portfolio (a database of peer-reviewed and pre-print articles), Econlit, the Centre for Economic Policy Research, and the National Bureau of Economic Research for mathematical modelling studies evaluating the impact of prioritising COVID-19 vaccination to population target groups. The first search was conducted on March 3, 2021, and an updated search on the LMIC literature was conducted from March 3, 2021, to September 24, 2021. We narratively synthesised the main study conclusions on prioritisation and the conditions under which the conclusions changed. Results The initial search identified 1820 studies and 36 studies met the inclusion criteria. The updated search on LMIC literature identified 7 more studies. 43 studies in total were narratively synthesised. 74% of studies described outcomes in high-income countries (single and multi-country). We found that for countries seeking to minimise deaths, prioritising vaccination of senior adults was the optimal strategy and for countries seeking to minimise cases the young were prioritised. There were several exceptions to the main conclusion, notably that reductions in deaths could be increased if groups at high risk of both transmission and death could be further identified. Findings were also sensitive to the level of vaccine coverage. Conclusion The evidence supports WHO SAGE recommendations on COVID-19 vaccine prioritisation. There is, however, an evidence gap on optimal prioritisation for low- and middle-income countries, studies that included an economic evaluation, and studies that explore prioritisation strategies if the aim is to reduce overall health burden including morbidity.

scholarly journals Digitalization as one of the directions of sustainable development of the integrated logistics system of the enterprise

2021 ◽  
Vol 291 ◽  
pp. 04012
Author(s):  
Zinaida Khmelnitskaya ◽  
Maria Ivich ◽  
Elena Bogdanova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Logistics Systems ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Integrated Logistics ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
The Impact

Because of the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection, the pace of digitalization and its impact on all sectors of the national economy have increased. The integrated logistics systems of the enterprises have also undergone significant changes. The article examines the main trends of recent times — digitalization and integration, which provide development potential, competitive advantages for the enterprises using the integrated logistics systems. The authors investigated the impact of the new coronavirus infection on the changes in the logistics systems of the enterprise; identified eight main directions of the changes, one of which has become the acceleration of the digitalization along the entire chain of the integrated logistics systems. Further, the authors identified six characteristic constituent elements of the digitalization as one of the directions of the sustainable development. They examined the interaction between the functionalities of the integrated logistics system and the characteristic components of the digitalization.

scholarly journals Economic and Statistical Analysis of Sustainability Indicators of Banking Sectors of the Leading Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-113
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Khasyanova
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Bank Loan ◽  
Loan Portfolios ◽  
Financial Soundness ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The Impact

The last decade was characterized by the improvement of the financial systems’ monitoring mechanism at the national and international levels aimed at making effective decisions on financial stabilisation. The purpose of this study is to assess the sustainability of banking sectors of the leading economically developed and developing countries for the period 2009-2018, taking into account the processes occurring in the global economy and international financial markets.The research applied the International Monetary Fund methodology for assessing the stability of depository institutions and used the IMF database containing financial soundness indicators of the banking sectors in the studied countries. The economic and statistical analysis of financial soundness indicators of the banking sectors made it possible to explain the influence of economic conditions on the level and dynamics of the banks’ performance indicators as well as to identify the strengths and problems of the banking systems.The results of the study indicate an increase in the sustainability of the developed countries’ banking sectors, which is confirmed by the growing trends of capital adequacy and the quality of bank loan portfolios. The main problem of the developed countries is stably low profitability which, in the long term, could lead to a decrease in the banks’ capitalisation and their inability to maintain economic growth.A positive trend in the banking sectors of the developing countries is the recovery of capital adequacy, whereas the negative trend is a decrease in the quality of loan portfolios and profitability indicators. High credit risks and insufficient capitalisation represent the vulnerabilities of the developing countries’ banking sectors, while the increased volatility of financial soundness indicators, especially liquidity, is caused by the impact of the external trade and financial conditions.The results of this research could be used by analysts and regulators in macroeconomic calculations and when developing supervisory stress testing models, as well as by bank managers for performing internal stress tests and strategic business planning.

scholarly journals Models of COVID-19 vaccine prioritisation: a systematic literature search and narrative review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuru Saadi ◽  
Y-Ling Chi ◽  
Srobana Ghosh ◽  
Rosalind M Eggo ◽  
Ciara McCarthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Ethical Challenge ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Economic Modelling ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Modelling Studies ◽  
The Impact

Background: How best to prioritise COVID-19 vaccination within and between countries has been a public health and an ethical challenge for decision-makers globally. We systematically reviewed epidemiological and economic modelling evidence on population priority groups to minimise COVID-19 mortality, transmission and morbidity outcomes. Methods: We searched the National Institute of Health iSearch COVID-19 Portfolio (a database of peer-reviewed and pre-print articles), Econlit, the Centre for Economic Policy Research and the National Bureau of Economic Research for mathematical modelling studies evaluating the impact of prioritising COVID-19 vaccination to population target groups. We narratively synthesised the main study conclusions on prioritisation and the conditions under which the conclusions changed. Findings: The search identified 1820 studies. 36 studies met the inclusion criteria and were narratively synthesised. 83% of studies described outcomes in high-income countries. We found that for countries seeking to minimise deaths, prioritising vaccination of senior adults was the optimal strategy and for countries seeking to minimise cases the young were prioritised. There were several exceptions to the main conclusion, notably reductions in deaths could be increased, if groups at high risk of both transmission and death could be further identified. Findings were also sensitive to the level of vaccine coverage. Interpretation: The evidence supports WHO SAGE recommendations on COVID-19 vaccine prioritisation. There is however an evidence gap on optimal prioritisation for low- and middle- income countries, studies that included an economic evaluation, and studies that explore prioritisation strategies if the aim is to reduce overall health burden including morbidity.

Perceptions of Legitimacy and Efficacy in International Environmental Management Standards: The Impact of the Participation Gap

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Summers Raines
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Iso 14001 ◽  
Management Standards ◽  
Management Standard ◽  
Iso 14000 ◽  
The Impact

What is the impact on perceptions of legitimacy and efficacy when key stake-holders are absent during the creation of international standards? Can these international standards setting bodies adequately address the needs of all countries when often working in the absence of developing countries? This study examines the process through which one international environmental management standard (ISO 14001) was created and analyzes its perceived legitimacy and efficacy among developing country stakeholders relative to those from developed countries. Data for this project come from interviews with 42 delegates to the ISO 14000 standards-drafting sessions in Malaysia and 133 surveys of ISO 14001 certified firms in 16 countries. The article concludes that stakeholder absence impacts both legitimacy and efficacy of ISO 14001 in interesting and unexpected ways.

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